Show Nazi Fifth s1 I Conclusion of Series arid and Statement by K Editors Editor's Note Herewith is the concluding section of the fourth article in the series on nazi fifth column methods written written written writ writ- ten by Colonel William WilliamJ J. J Donovan Donovan Donovan Don Don- ovan and Edgar Mowrer Appended Appended Appended Ap Ap- Ap- Ap at the end of oC the fourth article is a a. statement by Secretary Secretary Secretary Secre Secre- tary of the Navy Knox which gives his reasons for believing these articles of importance to America The intelligence services services' of the German army navy and air arm are not much different different different differ differ- ent from those in other countries countries coun coun- tries with the possible exception exception exception tion that the German army maintains in the Prinz Friedrich Friedrich Friedrich Fried- Fried rich Karl strasse in Berlin a psychological laboratory The heads are or were Colonel von Voss and Max A secret section bears the title International P Psycho a 5 Y c h o 0 logy Here are trained not only the military spies but the Gestapo and party agents especially designated designated designated des des- for service abroad Members of the German labor front who go abroad to work have the duty of reporting anything anything anything any any- thing of interest they may see seeor seeor or learn in foreign ships shops factories or other places Furthermore Furthermore Furthermore Fur Fur- since 1936 there ex exists exists exists ex- ex in Hamburg an international international international central office where Germans and Italians work to together together together to- to gether against trade unions particularly in d democratic e m 0 era tic countries and support any movement against organized labor Gestapo Agents The German Gestapo of Heinrich Heinrich Heinrich Hein- Hein rich Himmler Himmier whose ruthless efficiency surpasses even the Russian employs about agents abroad One of its special tasks is watching over German refugee e emigrants emigrants emigrants emi emi- grants but it does docs not scorn to cast an eye even on nazis in good standing some of whom have been known to speak slightingly of the fuehrer or to express a passing wish for greater p per personal e r s son o n a l 1 freedom Therefore one or more agents can be found in every German consulate or embassy abroad A good angler can manage to locate others in the larger German German German Ger Ger- man commercial enterprises such as shipping or oil com com- There is no rio claim that this description of the German propaganda service is complete Conceivably there exist other even more interesting services But this much should make it clear why Adolf Hitler has been so successful in utilizing Germans Germans Germans Ger Ger- mans abroad and creating fifth columns among his enemies Thanks to the pains taken and the money spent Hitler has in nearly every country been able to accomplish much in breaking breaking breaking break break- ing down the national morale and enlisting traitors Military Training Here HereIn In the United States an or organization organization organization or- or of nazis is being trained in arms As matters now stand it is conceivable that the United States possesses the finest schooled nazi-schooled fifth column in the world one which in case of war with Germany Germany Germany Ger Ger- many could be our undoing Could but need not be The nazis are strong only where un un- un- un opposed Where they are re resisted resisted resisted re- re where the initiative is taken from them they tend to collapse The revelations in inthe inthe inthe the American press of the fortunes fortunes fortunes for for- tunes amassed and held abroad by leading nazis kept Goebbels busy denying it for two weeks It is hard to see why under present circumstances in view of fifth column activity ob observed observed observed ob- ob served abroad countries that do donot donot donot not intend to submit to the third reich permit any German language publications or why they do not adopt legislation allowing naturalizations obtained ob obtained obtained ob- ob under false pretenses to be annulled by executive act or r do not insist on knowing just which domestic industries and commercial houses have ups tie-ups of any sort with the nazis Failure to do this failure to study and combat the entire nazi organization may have tragic consequences Unearthed in time the nazi conspiracy is relatively harm harm- less By FRANK KWON KNOX Secretary of the Navy The articles by Colonel Wil Vil Villiam liam ham J. J Donovan and Edgar Mowrer which have appeared in the press of America have served in my judgment a highly highly high high- ly useful purpose Their frank purpose was in forewarning and nd thus forearming the American AmerIcan American Amer Amer- ican people against a subtle form of attack used elsewhere by the t powers surprise then delay and andly ly panic are the essential tures of this new form of a Summarizing th the such propaganda are to ac ae push the following First to create thought suspicion and di dision dision dision sion among the masses in I Ito to weaken their morale lower the stamina of the p pc Secondly to incite jea and antagonism between dent d dl ent classes of society as w ww between various political cial and religious groups is an effective means of v w ening a country by its unity of purpose and ac Retard Defense Work 1 Third to retard any effe eIfe preparation for defense J I 1 the conquered countries of rope the pacifists were sti ati to the utmost act Prominent officials and i J 1 who were pacifists were induced t to their influence against 1 1 I scale armament Church di d d were covertly wo upon on similar grounds J fc press publicly their dr L prova The radical labor Jabor ment was secretly urged tc to pose the plans of the gov goj ment for enlisting them in war i i In France labors labor's sab sabe of the armament program a factor in that country's of essential equipment activities were carried on a avery a avery very time when the nazis nazi driving the working peo Germany to the limit oil ofa strength to create those In iri ments of war with which conquered France Now it same French workmen workmen listened to fifth column a tion against their former forme have been orden work 56 hours a week wit vat extra pay for overtime and d is just the beginning of rule in France 1 0 Fear of Radicalism Fourth the fear of rad Ism so prevalent amo among g grich rich and the ruling claSS classi England and in France wasas wasas was wasas as a potent argument for a l friendly tolerant feeling ward the nazi regime and point of leverage for a poll poli appeasement Subtle pe per sion secret pressure a and D probability open bribery all used to break down the alty ally and to secure the co cooj cool r tion of a few key men in cial positions and in m the ei er Fifth before the o a war and throughout its Uses ea stages the smaller coup co coun n were constantly urged t to jr n tain tamn their neutrality and andr ands warned to avoid any collat tion with other nations natio i their common defense Gov ment officials and the ju juby by means of propaganda constantly assured of Asa S I and immunity from war tear if f they practiced the strictest 1 and abstained from fromi r tary cooperation with t neighbors 4 The little democracies v 1 so impressed with this my j neutrality and the would bring them that nazis were successful i in l t strategy of overrunning tion at a time and thus avo any united opposition fl column propaganda play played d important part in keeping r J lie attention on necessity for a neutrality wl wh in the end proved to b p fiction and which made tf off tive defense impossible I AVe We e Are Particularly Those personal which in our democracy value so highly highly freedom freedom speech and of the press press press-m nus mus n m us particularly vulnerable this new form of warfare represents a new and a gr gt danger for a self govern rn country which springs fr fr many nationalities Is an a Fortunately there festive primary means mean 0 r e against the under ha activities of fifth column ilig ageo rJ It lies in tearing down the e V of secrecy and subterfuge subterfuge der which they operate to toj L 1 form our citizens in detail as means s they employ and andun purposes V VWe We should be ready to top bithis bathis bi ba this program with all the ens n rJ ngy gy and resources at our oU our o f mand It is a problem problem orga u iz requires thought and tion It is more immediate e ethan ev e ethan v than the military problem problem- V T solve t latter if we cannot sol former may well be l lof of solution d |