Show Chinas Great Wall A Trip Ovor tho Now Imperial Railroad to Chinas Wonderful Fortification I Ham llit Cut Halt iMtt in tlffSItt and Oantltr ttiv tt Nee flulll fiat lit it laiil 11 Out Mlltitnl uf Awes ant Otrtnt tf MvFrtn ing AetMi Jar Mm All at lit llorus7k Mtnlunt tf a Careens SctHitHft rUwt Ike ffufftttn o CMta and Ittt gartottut DttJi A I U l ndtrfrl Rtdt in Li lung CUtnft Spttitl Ctr It Ut 1It AM4 < i l flit rpmws rcresoewa Its news 1cPbl Lr Krsal U Carpenter tSM 7ce N the vice j 1 relllpHWl I I J J train running I through North I China Iron ShonllIKwn L I to TlenTsln bJ railroad to Ihe great wall of China On a special I train through ilr 1 some ol the lead known part ol the Chinese empire Dashing along at lire rale of forty mite an hour through the plains of North China The steam demon i ef the present cutting his way Into UK most famous vestiges of the celestial 1 past These are lome of the wonder ol the t Journey I am now making over the new Imperial road of this vast empire In com pony with the party of exSecretary JJ Foster In the private carol China moot powerful statesman and ruler U Hung l Clung We have raveled already nurly 9co miles through the agricultural and I mining districts of this part of China and have planted our American sole leather on the border of Manchuria We left the New York of North China the great trading city ol Tien Tam and Its million almondeyed people In she 1rrI ogd1 early morning of two says ago and plowed our way through tens of than land of brown grave mounds to the eastward Wo passed the myriad huts of the city of Tong Ku nt the mouth olDie ol-Die 1clho river and turned to the north almost under the shadow ol the Irown Ing battlements and of the Krupp and Armstrong guns ol the Taku forts We Hood on the platform and taw the cores ol queer windmills which with their square white wings pump tire trine of the Yellow sea Into the alt I pools ol the government reservoirs and watched the gangs of yellow I coolie cutting down the mountain r salt I and loading It fur Tin Tsln whence It will be shipped olf at high prices as a government gov-ernment monopoly lot the people of the Interior I We rode fur an hour over sail marshes upon which Mongolian ponies I red cattle and i donkeys I grazed and then entered the rich gardens of the great plain Here every Inch was cu1 tlvaltd and the formers were everywhere every-where laboring In the Held We uw the wheat punted In rows two feat apart springing Irom the soil In Ms luxuriant lux-uriant gren dress of the early spring and could note the curious methods of work ol press the best farmer of the world The crops are planted In small tracts and everything Is cultivated with the hoe and the plow There la no towing of grain at with us and the tons ol wheat coin and millet are weeded and fed with manure The wheat Is planted the fill and In the spring as now the rows are plowed and other crops planted elween l them Everywhere over the landscape Iou see pllts of manure each containing about two bushels of brown earllmnd here and there men and boys gather up this manure Into baskets and caretully shake It out over the newly planted crop This Is alter the seed has been sown Now a donkey or a man pulls through the row a little roller of stone mlilng the wed and the manure with the soil and pulvetUhig I the earth till It b as fine as the sands ol the seashore Everyone Is I at work In the he its Little children of three nnd six years go through the rows with baskets tied tit their backs pulling the weeds with three pronged hoes They put each weed Into their baskets soil It Is I saved for toll or fuel I here you see boys driving donkeys and now and then you will aces man plowing and men and boys hitched to the plow and doing lire work horses II photographed photo-graphed r one man on my way to retting 1 who had his whole family harnessed to his plow Me I leaned I upon the I handles win 1 all his might while I his I three sons and one laughter tugged and pulled I In I tUt hr drawing the plow through the furrow Me grew quire l angry at my pointing I the II 3Yu camera at him and rushed up to me and tried to take It out of my hands I hold him back however and with the assistance ol my donkey boy was able to mount and l gallop away We saw some such scenes on the way i to Tong Shan I I where the famous Kit > ping coal mines are situated and where I we were entertained over night We pliant many coal car carrying the black diamond I down to the tea elotl lie hipped In the companys ttrimer lo ill part of South China and at every 1 I nation we found a crowd S of almond eyed yelluw faced mortals gating at us in wonder The trip from long Shan to the wall hat been over the new government gov-ernment railroad and our ipecial train Is I the lint of the kind which has gone over It The line Itself hal only been I opened lo 1 traffic for a few days and this I will be the 1 first report given to the dvllited world of Itdiaracler It Is a i railroad that any country might own with pride Well lullaled and well I laid the heel 1 track it as wild as though It had been used Icr a generation and Its stations and brldiei have been built to stay The Un Ito bridge which we crossed several hours ago near the walled city of Un Cho a i nearly two thousand feet In length and It has live Rrest spins each of which is I two hun 5 ted feet long It has a number of smaller spans and It Is I built upon arches of solid stone the Iron work being made by the same company that 5em the great Forth bridge In Scotland and the heavy arches I were sunken by the pneumatic pneu-matic process Crossing this I we rode unward part of the lime at a speed of tortfixe miles I an hour past other titles till we came In arght of the mountain moun-tain ol Manchuria and stopped with the end of the railroad almost on the edge jl of he I ten and within I a stones throw of the breach In I the great wall through which the railroad Is lobe extended hundred miles luilher on Into the wilds of the almost unknown country of Manchuria Here I under the shadow ol the great Chinese wait gray with Its age of two thousand years we ate our luncheon In the viceroy car nine representative rep-resentative ol the mmt progressive nations of the present at 1 home and In comfort among the ruins of the greatest = iraljCf i r1 work of China s historic past Iii Is Indeed a curious sight for China Our party consists I ol six American three tnglblmien and two Chinese official offi-cial In addition to a retinue of servants and train men The Americans are Gen John W Power ex Secretary of State and Inl Ills wile Mr Dry a wealthy dozen 01 Evamvllle Ind and lilt two youn lady daughters who are related to Secretary Foster and who are making mak-Ing the tour of the world with him and last of all your correspondent who has been tent here lo white up I the modern movement In China The three Kngllsh men are the officials In the employ of II Ie Hung Chang First 11 reel Is Mr G U I Churchward who has built railroad In Australia and 1 New South Wales and who It I one ol the best of modern civil engineers lie I Is In charge of the locomotive loco-motive orb of the viceroy at Tong Shan and In the absence of Mr Kinder the general manager of the Imperial railroad of China wino ol U carrying on the survey Into Manchuria Is the super intendent ol the toad Dr Kobettton li a young physician who was connected for tome years with the Chinese navy and who Is now in charge of the > Ice toys big naval hospital at the Kalplng coal mine and Mr Garland Is the English trallic manager of the two t Chinese Chi-nese railroad a stems The two Chinese official are w elleducatrdChlnee gentlemen gentle-men and they speak Kngllili perfectly Mr Thun Ui Ting was for year consul gtneral of China to Cuba and he is I now Reneral lit charge of the coal mine here managing man-aging a capital of millions and Mr I Tong Wne rI ofm ry bbs f f his secretary Is a graduate of Yale College and one of the brlehest young flr men ol the empire I Both of these men are clad In ollidal dress wearing gorgeous gorge-ous silk gown big cloth boots and black silk caps with red buttons in the center of their crowns They are good talkers and full of Information concernIng concern-Ing China The special train which we Inane might be that ol an American railroad rail-road president and we travel In it with at much ease and comfort as we would lave were we congressional party tratellng i to the I funeral Fr a Senator rrr the United States at the expense ol the government The train consists of an engine built on the Knghsh plan at the wrks 01 In Chinese hD car works at TonI open car In which are anmeJ these dan r lc for eialrs sod nlheh coolie bearern orenteJ the ladies In our transportation of the trips away from the railroad Oil second special car which can be ud fat amok In or loafing of an n tydeatand callliwhichgwe car In hlch we coo I oulld and watch lino I every vary ni panorama of Chinese harming ecencs sod a1 the vice regal car proper oils last II made 01 ame leak finished In the natural wood It is I as hdart as dbo0y and 11 take on hire rich k I t It con tarns car eo half or a doyen of ulied rOeurs f rhetnu nlmhire i i furnished fur-nished In 10rl n style The sofas are upholstered with the line > t ol blue and silver brocaded silk and there are plenty of table and ea p chairs The walls ol f the car are in Ira > e and gold i The windows are large and those at the top of the car and < rune as ventilators venti-lators are stained glass Pictures of the finest Chinese embroidery hang nr the walls and the larder is filled with a plentliul su ply of all sorts ol things liquid and tolu II was alter a good dinner that w look our trip to the great wall We tprnt bJI houri In l walking about It U e climbed boils lop and examined lie I urtit lowers th d CIc f which crown It at every lew hundred yards and in our Anem an IhotU tramped over the brick pavement kreee Chrnm = eb I which were trod by the Chinese war riots who built It now inure than two thousand ears ago We made meat urements and examinations of it at the breach where the railroad It to pan through It on its way into the Manchu rlan wilds and with our own hand pulled from Its sides four great bricks II III tr f which we will carry ba k lo the Lnltci State II mementoes ol the trip The great wall of China What a wonderful structure It Is I and how mighty It must have been befori the days of gunpowder and cannon 1 ale At 3 have seen the pyramid but this mat live wall Improves me more forclhl than they The greateit of all the puns raids loan Immense pile ol atones don ering thirteen acres and reaching to a height less than that ol the monument at ytashingionthe great wall ol China If the brick and earth composing II I could be carried lo the valley ol tin Nile would carpet the best parts o lRypt and It Is I a work Incalculabl greater than the monument of the typtiin I kings I visited it where II i runs through the Mongolian mountains about ninety miles from the city of Iek ing and I found there an even more solar la structure than that at Shan Ha Kwan on the edge of the tea It begin ren ht1oh here at the head of the gull of Ieclill I and runt up and don the mountain clear across the boundary of northrer China separating the country from It vast tributary provinces of Mongolia am Manchuria till It reaches the crea desert 1 t Gobi above Thibet I It et I more than ljcu miles long ins stralgh II I all71 line and Ift windings up the hill and down the valleys it measures al 1 told a distance of more than IJoo miles Tills wall Is I about thirty feel In height or as tall as a three story city house III width at the point where I have visited It ranges tram fifteen to thirty feet The average parlor Is l not more rh Ir than fifteen heel wide and If you will l Imagine a solid bloclc of three story houses fifteen feet deep built across the United Males from New York to Omaha you can gets faint Idea I ol the sIze o this great wall Such a block however I would bo easy to construct In compart ton with the work needed for tints vas fortification It would cut the plains o New York Ohio Indiana and Iowa where the soil has much clay and where he railroads could carry the materials The great wall of China Is I built right user the mountains It climbs up crai so sleep that the bricks had It is said to be carried on the I back of goats I It crosses peaks taller than the Alleghany mountains and at one point goes over one which U five thousand feet above the tea A large part lofr It has a found anon ecl granite blocks from two and a half to lour feet thick and the base ol the wall Is I ten feet wider than the top I The bricks of which It Is I made weigh I from forty lo sixty pounds or as much ass sin I eueold boy and the clay for these bricks had lobe AI transported long distances from the interior al some portion por-tion of the wall These bricks nre of a slate color Accordmt to measurement they are fifteen Inches long nine Inches wide and about five Inches thick They are put together ins solid masonry by tr Yb means ol lime mortar and they are built up Irom the foundation In two walls each about three feet thick running parallel with each other the space between be-tween being filled with earth and stone well rammed down The top of the wall Is pied with these bricks and Its average width Is I about fifteen feet It Is I everywhere so wide tint two two horse wagon louts of hay < ould be driven alone It and the hubs of the two leant would not touch Six hones abreast could be easily driven upon Its paved highway and on each tide of the road along lit whole filteen hundred mile of length there is n brick cncl land will as high I as your Iwnl nhlch would prevent them inning TII i ne 01 a stampede At thai intervals Ina wall it crowned by great two and three tlory towtrt made of these big blue hlC I1n brick and at the pines In the mountains moun-tains there are arched gates of stone some of which are beautifully carved Here and there the wall Is I double a second wall I tunning over the country tome distance luck from the first Son S-on Ihe peaks near it there are often watch lowers In 1 which the guard aloud 1alt limes past JI warned f the I soldiers stationed on its top ol Ihe advancing hordes which they spied coming Irom the wilds beyond Much of Die great wall It till In perfect per-fect condition Standing upon It at the city of Shan Hal i Kwan we could see It climbing tin Ihe MAitchuriaii mountains jumping tie I gorges and tcallng the peaks Gray with lit I Ito of twenty centuries seemed to rp the earth of the present with its mighty hand and where It crosses the mountains It teemed Imperishable as the hills whoio horny brows it crowned At other places however time has gained Iho mastery and nearest the railroad there Is a breach at lean loo feet wide and one tide ol the wall where It bounds the city of Shin Hal Kwan hat been almost overthrown over-thrown Its tide ate covered with moss and the grass jiat grown upon Its pavement No aretes now guard It and Ie only remains as a monument ol the hundreds of thousands of almond eyed men who two thousand years ago thus ought to protect their homes and eeCnj hrrr olt their descendants from the savages of Ihe north for all time lo come No one can stand upon Its ram part and not be Impressed with the strength of this great Chinese nation Seventeen hundred year before America was discovered Ia time when our blue blooded ancestors hall naked and altogether alto-gether savage were wandering through the wilds 01 Trance Germany and tog land when Rome won Hill a republic Whau fithlingher 1 tm battles I with the I Car thaginians I tao hundred years before f Child was born these same Chinese people built this I mighty wall Their history states ar it required an army of 300000 men to protect the builders and millions must have been employed In the undertaking I have teen enough 01 > Ihe building of railroads and other works In China during my present tour to understand how it WAS probably con strutted There was no machinery used and few cattle and horses Every foot of it was built by man and In Its IJoo mile of mountain cllmblnx there are today bottled up within I this structure the vital force ol millions of the Chinese ol the pill i monument lo the thought Uah oSI hr ol er F wile that while I man dies hit work remains as does the hand that carved the Venus di Medici soil the pen that wrote Shakespeare Shake-speare and the Aeneld These Chinese of two thousand years ago probably rrll I Yaar err h carried the earth and stones which formed the filling of the greater part of the wall In baskets and this earth was rammed down by means of discs of lone or Iron at big around ass half bushel meaiare and Irom six to eight Inches thick It bin this way that the embankment of the railroads are being rla today It takes eight men to each of such discs There are holes cut about Its circumference and in these rope about ten feet long are fattened The men stand at equal f distances about i the disc and by pulling back ratio It and throw it upward often ton hcl ht above their heaiii And It fall upon the fresh earth with thud A ninth man ollcn ling i a long while these men thus work Upnu lime to lilimuilc I with the l 1 weight and Joining In the chorus the weight falling at the end of every verse 1II1 1h W t and line III the tame vvltrl I the packing pack-ing of the earth with wooden damps Each l man has one ol these of about me weight ol the dasher In an old lashloned chin and the gang of Hamper sing as they work The brick were made by hand and men and women aided In their laying Such wood at was used In the tower was pulled I up by human muscle to the top of the wall r and the sawing of the timber wai will cross cut saw The organtcatlon required for the I building and the defense ol such an army of laborer show a high date of clvllltatlon The mm who began the work was one of the great men of the world past He has been calsd the Napoleon of China and he to a large extent was the lounder of the Chinese empire III name was Ttln Chi Hwan 511 and he consolidated the many king dons ol China Irto one He built al his capital a vast palace with many buildings which were connected by colonnades and galleries Each set of these bulldogs he had made the exact counterpart of the palaces of the rulers he had conquered and when the whole was completed he brought them to hit capita nnd kept them there In state He built till great wall In ten years and organized many public works Like Alexander and Napoleon he grew vain at he went on In his conquests and he decided that Chinese history should begin be-gin with him With this view he committed com-mitted an act which has made him In thee the-e > 01 Ihe Chinese the most derplsed and detested of their emperor This was the collecting of all the libraries and historic ol China together and burning them He had all 1 ol the I copIes nJIII II rst of Confucius and Mencius I that could be found committed to the flames and for fear that there might be other books written than such as he desired lie killed the five hundred most eminent of the scholars ol his empire It Is said i that not a tlnite perfect copy of the Chinese classics escaped destruction I and such as exist today are fnade up Irom the parts remembered by scholar who were not known In Ihe emperor and which were written out after his death deathF I c Ala |