| Show BIG CHINESE I GUNS Arsenal at Shanghai Whoro tho ChlnoM A Visit lo tho Croat Aro Making Arm and Munitions of War = = = A Ifatrdrei Am aI Irierdeks aed hdtIri awl 11H 7W nll ue J IIWAI 1M CWssINli Arr lirtI Lr iiete 018 FWrit fUKtrTMr tHnW Mnknlttl SHU md TMr hutWHHtt a Ii mitnntrn 7kvM Anh GwH aid All Stt tI t lade irdere Iffu tI SM terk ind RIJIIq MIll IAMli a > 1tl Stttt and SIHI Kill 01 oj Oiwu Ira a CIIiu 017 KtUH Law i Ike Arterial aid Ike 1M ArkllA l lHIwtJ It = Oss7lg tad be knotn BuriN tpeeM ttes iiadmW M tar raves SIIAMUHAI China March > e 1119 t = a NE li u n d fejf red acres of H > lW 4 factotle for jthe making a of arm and w munltlom ol wart I Vast louml ties for mho i tmelllng and rolling of iletll Gun works turning out cannons at UK at the biggest now being made al the Washington navy yardl Shop covering acre devoted lo the making ol the latest of modern maga line rifles An army of two thousand celetllal In blue gown nllh their pig tulle tightly wound about their halt haven dead manipulating with their slender yellow finger the finest of the modern world improved machinery and doing I iur oMifully alt klmU of factory work under Chinese foremen These are tome of the wonder I taw at the great government arsenal near here today Any one who think that China It asleep to what It going on In the modern world hat only to visit one of its great government gun factories to be convinced of hk mistake I have spent some time at the gun woks of Wathlng ton navy ores where ore being built the cunt for our target warships We pride ourselves upon them at a nation and contkler them among the finest gun work of the world Away out here m china there are similar foundrle doing even more wonderful work and that ti > a large extent with native made machinery machin-ery and just now with Chinese Iron and Chinese coal Of the Iwo thousand mm employed In the Shanghai works only two are foreigners and these are i onsulllng engineer one of whom Mr N U Cornish is t an lncllttinian from UMIIire IIU wd bur ear cunneg lid with the grant Arimtrone gun works m I nulaml and the other I Mr Hunt an lnslShman who not only I knows how to run all Linda of machinery but hat Invented several engine anal who with Mr Cornish ii making many Improvement Improve-ment In the Chinese munition of rover r-over those of other natloni It 1 urn through Mr Cornlih that 1 was able lo to over the gun work and with him I led chala with the Chinese manager foremen and workmen caving I the hotel Des Colonies In the lureittn quarter of r Shanghai I rode ins ilmtktiu pulled by two men far lr out lobo the country 1 he day vas cold I raw and rainy but I decided l to risk arrest by taking my camera with mo arid wrapped In oiled Uk it Iy bo Iween nlY lee as we daslnetl 1 through the taudd streeta cod with barelegged bare-legged t oollea in hate 1 u hug an um brelos and rain I coat of a reddish Irow jute who were carrying heavy kiad swung on pole Irom their thouldt we reseal many women i In blue gowns Itl wadded 1 cotton who hobbled along on their little feet through tin mud with a knockkneed gall and met at every turn the rlkah 1 and sedan claim of swell Chinamen I whole eye i were ao tbrouded by h rrw tong bUck ipectacle that they looked like Jaraan tuan bro nlee rather than achoiarly Chinese Many ol thete > uell > had on their winter bonnett nl wadded and their clothes were of the hrlfhtoac of e red blue and greeiw heir I bonnett covered the entire head and were fait need under the chin In n wadded clath which protected the neck and throat They were to made that only the Iront ol he race ua isio > id to the woalher and they eitendil out behind Into a art of a cape which fell to the wall and concealed their curl The count of tinny of them were fur lined and the l1k brocade of whHi they were made aecmed more lit torn ball room than a rainy muddy Chinete country ride itnNd thaw rich I worked the poorett ol the poor We patted scores of aweat tag men pushing freight nheelbarroKt each containing a load for a i hone and Jostled by the nunilr U of oilier queer working character win fill the country roads f China 1 with l at many Iravtliri 1 HI you will And on the roada approaching approach-ing one of our little cities on a circus day Jutt outside of the wall oC the native I city I patted a guard hou e tilled with ChlneU aoldiort The nun came out at the moment anell I lUminpied lo photo graph them But when they uw tin camera they icowled nid went hulde 01 the guard houte Not fur from Ihlt I came to a furtiniallon which I alter ward 11 learned was the bai Ckll ol the troops which the viceroy heave here to guard the arsenal and to protect Shang bal A white wall perhapt twenty hint liUlh aurrounded I them and I could only tee the great hags I of black network net-work embroidered with red Umieie Dgura twenty odd lot long which lloutcd from a pole above the tent uf the commander I taw many uoldltri soldier however and I photographed I a good Matured one who evidently did nut midertland w hit my lam ra wo Dm toldlcn were dressed mall torts 1 UI bright colon and the unilormt of many ol them con ialed of the brighter blue cotton ucyuus trimmed with black velvet ornaminted with red ntrhpra t They wore wuM 1 J lottm pintnloon < shah they Hiked Into black I butt o11111 I1 1Jdrl 11 tOicil waddf t clrth hoot I anti their hi lIh were coven I with Mill kvilU p a ol ink 1 u i y li 1 x intlrcly dm r nt hunt the pe jplc nbsut ilir t p I rt of C Ina and ire niur i mor mutrular and arc taller Hun tlw Chinaman wo have In Am Id Th y come from thr Intt r or r to and the bOIl nghtii ainonj them are from the refeeinow province of Munan CI lll where the indirection against the mis ttonarle of a year or to ago originated There are only a few thousand of them in this barrack and Ihey are but a smell r pelt rrcr army ol the Viceroy of banking who live at lilt capital In Ihe nlerlor IsteriorReaching Retching the atlenal we stopped for a moment under a welt wall on which wa a gaudy twlnting I of one ol 1k heroes of Chinese mythology I wlio It supposed to fin lack to the officer witin while one ol t the Chinese toldlera look my card Into Mr Cornish and a m meet later I was Inside of these vast works and lurrnunded by the din of machinery ma-chinery rrtcllcallv the only difference between IheM work and lhoe of any of the great gun factories of Cbmtendom lie In the gorgeous color of red blue and I green I In which the Chinese delight and with which they paint not only the Interior woodwork of their shops but soot of their machine as well and In the fact tint all of the work It I done by Chinamen The Aral room we entered was about the sloe 1 of the biggest shop in Ibo Washington navy yard II 1 covered cov-ered I Judge about an acre of par and in It pa-r being turned out some 1forIUI tw elve I inch gun far this navy You have seen pictures of inch gun In the newspaper They are Ihe biggest made it our navy yard and they are immense Iron cannon the barrel ol which are thirty Ave feet long and which I fire hlh projectile of r Heel which weigh thousand thou-sand poundt To make one of their gum coats In the neighborhood of Jyv ooo and the Chinese are now Just I hnlthlng their fourth gun ol Una kind Those completed have been tested and shown equal to anything ma le In Europe or America and the projectile for I the luna are made here The Chinese however tike ihe other nation of Ihe world now believe that these Immense JlURO are nut to good lor defente and warfare on the tea at the smaller vane HM and Ihey will build no more of I them at present Near these I taw some twenty fiveIon gun and then visited the shop where about JOO Chinamen were nt work making Ihe latest Improved pattern of Armstrong rapid tiring gun 1 looked at a 47 Inch gun of till kind which i had lljlt been comp cleat and was shown its working It moved to easily Dial I a baby could have almost worked lln It and the Chinese foreman in charge told me that Ihey had Just finished a dotes ol these weapons and that thy were now working on tome which would f ire 1 uu wun at h u t v I V v China Iou no scruple at to patent and ahe gel now ad of thin latett Iniprotementt In war machinery and copra them here There U I no iloubt about the great mechanic 1 ability of the Chinese Here are two thousand men who have been brought up I on Hue entirely different rum those on which they are now working and they make ai expert workmen at our mechanic me-chanic who have lud generations of hereditary descent and > ears of experience experi-ence A great part 1 of thus machinery used here was made by Chinamen and Mr CornUh tells me that he found that parts which he had thought Inlpoi tible for a Chinaman to turn out and which he had etpected would have toe > to-e imported at a great expense Irom Europe had been made by these men Irom drawings borne of them are 10 expert that only I general direction and the 1 i knowledge of the JtfI required need be given them and they will suet htway make the dealgnt I and casting Im 1 was shown one marhlne1 ihlnlc It was for the rlfl log ol I some of the guns though 1 an not sure as lo Ihlfwhlch contained a screw of only three Inches In diameter and thirty I five fret long I which was designed de-signed I dft cut by a Chinaman and i I look a lime exposure of a yellow faced Chinaman who rnakea the lineit of the improved sight of the Armstrong guns The work It at delicate and at beautiful at that of a watchmaker and there It I an improvement on the origin which this I man hat added l ne rifling machine fur the big gunt would have cost lets moo to rl Import these Chinamen were shuwn i the drawing and they made it fur hall that sum It Is so In nearly every variety machinery and among the UimKt now dually being nude m these worki are all tout of modern projectiles from the evoHer bullet up to great shots ol steel vilghing lotus lounda They make cartridges Irom those filled for a revel verlo the kind required fora six lucl 1and 1 1 taw Chin I mien drilling steel cutltng r our grape I hol Iil making brat cartridge i ate from disks of metal and paid a visit to the warehouse where I vat thnwn the MO different kind or hot and tlirapnel which are nude here hey 1 are now turning oul about jo ooo loundt of that a day and thll Iwv made recent I ieriinenlawllli I Chinese iron which demonstrate in superior in some respect user any other Iron col I lie world I No one knout much about the mineral eourcti ol China Hut coil and iron ire said to exist In nearly every one ul the eighteen stale 1 or provinces of I the I empiie and there have been tome iro i mines which have been worked for tears Up to thus time China has been Importing the raw material for heramei ohs but she Is now estwimenllng wither f pTt n3 1 fu her own supplies and the manulailurin China of the blurs will probably be entirely II independent of the rent of Ihr I world The 1 coal I and Iron formations ul the province ol Chili are wld tube the largest m the world and the pro hunch is i unturpaated The Iron now used hOle i t Oinis from the province of Hunan I III i about lue center of China and m > lIIe idea of in character may bu learnt tram a tot which was reiimly mol here A shot war out of Ihlt Iron for a threeInch nile and It wat fired against a argot with the lame charge and mile omnue I gun in competition with t unporlcmi lloof eorllI le R ot of itiil flu Wiittt mm i tid iII of iI-I if i + on plat > in 11 I u H the lilt i r 1 > t1 with limit l 01 wjjj u i I hot pen trafd the t net but erne r I II I them w nt them n II Joe Chine r Cu iron hoi p 1 tll i ir throu Iu tarirt and w rti lab Ih pr < cl 1 maim rurc ol tho Iron hi I not known au th ai nal It r imrjhre in the riap t ol Irou pmci or tiabi from halt an each lu I two lichen thick and 1 ilmuld I say at a guest fort llh did not measure them fifteen by twentyfire Inches In else 1 I ta a great quantity of the I ore lying outride of the foundry II n of a cc dish brown color ancf In > i < much like tome which we itt from the Lake Superior mine The pit or tlabt are laid down here at about twenty dollars a ton or ten dollars a ion In gold thus rotting about half n cent a pound M r C rnrsh tells me lhat the Chinese make nitlng of Iron which would be con idered Impossible I In America They will call kettle at big as the Isegest American apple butter kettle holding about aa much fluid at an oldfashioned wash tub and only a sixteenth of an Inch thick Thew kettles are wonderfully wonder-fully strong You would think they would Map like glass but they are thrown bout M though they were made I of copper and are very hard to break In IIe fitperimen above mentioned Mr Cornish laid me that he had no Idea thai the hot would go through the target ami he was disappointed In not being able to And II He says dt the t Iran b I far superior to the average European Iron and that tl be nullified I I thallt b made wllh charcoal It diet not melt easily however and the loundilet do not like ht There are hundreds of steam engines of all kind In these work and they are all managed by the Chinese I taw one of four hundred horsepower winch wat I chart of a bo and a youth 01 twenty ante and I noticed that lumber of the Chinese mechanic are underage Som of them are old men but It Is I hard to roll the ace of a Chinaman as they all lll have and there are few gray hair 1 pent tome lime looking at the men lulling up an engine ol two Ihouund r ionepower It Is of lire moat modern variety and has COM a fortune The immense furnace burn gat and a look unto them would let re Ihe religion f ol any modern Shadrach Methach and bedneto If the Viceroy of Nanking cared lo play Ihe part of the cruel tab Ionian king of the Scripture These furnace are controlled by two illymoved lever anti a mistake Iimb would blow ths whole Into atom A I hlnete engineer about thirty year old has entire ciiHrge of them and he shoed I for me beside Ihe furnace door while I took lilt picture The wheel worki of Ihli artenal cover I about four acre The men are now ex icrlnienllng In making Ingots for armor plle tuch aa we turn out at Bethlehem I and they are puttlnr In a steel furnace whIch will smelt fifteen Ion of Heel atone at-one time If 1 It u a tuccet they will add other They have made torn mall Ingot and r I taw tome steel rails fur railroads which they turned out the I other day to bow Ihe Chinese author ties that they could make them They do all aorta of forcing They are now lilting In a 1 aevenhundred Ion steel press which will exert a merge of two housand torn on lire ore beneath II I taw great steel liammera forging out mmente lumpt of steal 1 and I was axe rued at 1 the wonderful way In which hee people handle all sorts of metal T machinery There l b never a mil i bike and the men are on lund every line I What I taw today I has removed from ny mind all doubt AI to the ability of he Chinese to construct and manage modern machinery and I question much whether they have not thgermsola creative ability which under proper comlitlitnt might nrrtMuM at great In entlont today J at the Chinete mind hat lone In the past The compau gunpowder gun-powder and printing originated here and we may have a Chinese Edison the future I asked question of Mr Cornbh concerning this as we walked through the works and he told me that everalof I the mechanics had rl Improved 1 upon the original I modeU which I had leI = I been Imported 1 and I uw a machine bur lilting steel I which s friend of II Hung oIIV Chang had 1 adapted I In the making of candle wicks and which by lib favor he was running with the arsenal potter 1i it Cornlah Said Mr Cornish I The lack of Inventor In China may come from there being no patent Uw These men tell me they dun care to work at gelling I new thing I because heir neighbor will steal their ideas letidea you must remember that the Chinese mind hat for yesra run In oilier directions A meclianlc It not of much account here and the man who can write a three line poem or can quote Confudut would be thought more of ban any Inventor Tunper the poet had II helieen 1 born t InT China would have outranked an Hdiion and the literati look down oil such work AI beneath them I did not have time yesterday to visit the powder work where the Chinese are making arts of powder from the brown cocoanuts which are used for the lieavy gun to the tnull black grains which are made hoe modern 1 titles but i 1 saw ample of the powder and Mr Cornish nays there is a chemist now nn his way from Germany to China who will teach them how to make the inioke tae I powder which hat Ucn recently uemed I asked u to the hour of work and the wages of the men aIr Cornbh re lied It I It a curious I thing 1 that we I1ove I an eighthour I Uw In 1 enltlenc I In these works and our employes work fewer hours perhapt than In any other native I establishment I In China I Tine men begin work at 7 jo a in and work until II jo Then the > have an hour for lunch and work on until 4 jo In case of necessity however ol war or other wise I we could I work them i almost t twice that long and we could add to lit force irgely without much trouble Our lechanlcs gel from three to six 1 Mexican dollan a week or from a dollar and a half lo three dollars a week in our currency The very best of the foremen Deceive at high as eight dolUrt a month and under foremen lot about thirty five Ik mean dollan a month Our pouible supply ol labor li of course unllmit t fly the way continued Mr I Cornish 1 supposu the eighthour rule came from ilia fact that till tlabbhment was originally organued by an American who came here a score and more of ran yean r = j = ago and was employed by Ih e Chinese lo run it lie ran U to well ilmt he made a lorllln out of I it and for this reason It woo uken out of his hands The Chinese ilon object to money being mads1 pro l vi < lid bury m ike il IhemaelvM and they utw thai Mr I Falla 1 I wa tatting rich very UM They now handle the thing 1 them t > mimes I and If then are ant fat contrails or queezii lo be mad It U a Chinaman who hit charge of them i bums moment one of the oflicer i f iliiiiuie t mutual rl veiie came III to M i Jl t ul M tin ham Mm It ruts bur III tup t hum n w is hini it tni nn1 nu t w rf iinJ ula h > m < 1 w lo 11 I a limp of r a 1 i inn < tour 1 i w r lul of lists I will writ III unolhrr I It 1 r q I I a |
