Show GOOD GOOI BEGINNING HAS BEEN MADE ON ON IRRIGATION TION Few subjects of or more Importance have hae been taken up b by the Congress In recent years ears than the Inauguration of oC the system of ot nationally aided Irrigation Irrl- Irrl gation for the arid regions of oC the far West est A good beginning therein has been made Now that this policy of oC national Irrigation las has been adopted the need ne-ed of thorough and scientific forI forest forest for for- I est protection will grow more mor ra rapidly than ever throughout the public land States State Legislation should be provided pro for Cor the protection of the game and the wild creatures generally on the forest re re- re serves The senseless 8 slaughter of game ame which can h by Judicious protection be permanently preserved on our national re reserves er 8 for the popl people as a whole hol should be stopped at once once- It J Is Is for tor Instance a serious count against our national good sense Fens to permit the present pres pres- eat ent practice of or butchering off such a stately and beautiful creature as the elk for Its antlers or tusks Lands for Home Builders So Sn far Car as the they arc available for agriculture agriculture agriculture agri agri- culture and to whatever extent thc they may he r reclaimed under the national Ir Irrigation Irrigation Ir- Ir law the remaining public lands should be bt held rigidly for tor the home builder the settler pettier who wI-to lives es on hl his land I and for orno no one el else e. e In their actual u use c the desert land law the thc timber and stone law and the commutation commutation commutation tation clause of at the homestead law have hac b been so o perverted from the Intention with which the they were enacted as to permit the acquisition of ot large c areas of ot the public domain for tor other r than actual settlers and the consequent prevention pre pro of settlement Moreover the approaching approaching ap ap- ap- ap exhaustion of ot the public ranges ranse has of late led to much discussion discus sion as to the b best st manner of ot using these hese public lands In th the West cst which are suitable chiefly or oP only for grazIng graz- graz lag Ing- ng THE SOUND AND STEADY STEAD DEVELOP DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT DE DE- OF THE WEST VEST DEPENDS DEPENDS DE DE- I epo UPON rH THE BUILDING O UP OF HO HOMES IES THEREIN Much of or our prosperity as a Nation atlon has been due to o the operation of ot the homestead law On the other hand we should recognize the fact that t In the grazing region the theman theman thenan man nan who COIre corresponds pOnds to th the homesteader homestead homestead- er ml may be hI unable to settle nettle permanently It t only allowed to o use the same amount of pasture land that hl hIs brother the homesteader Is allowed to use of ot amble amble am- am ble lc land One hundred and sixty acres aCre of or fairly rich and und well watered soil soli or ora ora ora a much smaller amount of at Irrigated lan land and ma may keep a ff family In n plenty whereas no one could get a n. living from 60 acres rs of or dry pasture land capable of or supporting at the outside only one head ad of cattle to every ten acres In Inthe he the past great tracts of or the public domain domain domain do do- main have been heen In b by persons no title thereto In direct defiance of oC the he law forbidding the maintenance or I construction of ot any such unlawful Inclosure inclosure in- in closure of ot public land For various reasons rea rca sons song there has been little Interference with such in the past but hut ample notice has bus now been given gl the trespassers and all the r resources ces at the command of ot the thc Government will here here- arter he used to put a stop to touch such tres tres- passing In view of or the thc capital Importance of or these matters matter I commend them to the tho earnest con consideration of or the Con Congress and If IC th the Con Congress rss finds difficulty In dealing with them from lack of or thorough thorough thorough thor thor- ough knol knowledge d c of or the subjects ct 1 I recommend rec that provision pro he be ma made o for tor a commission of or experts specially to In Investigate In- In and report upon the complicated complicated questions involved Legislation tion for Alaska I especially urge upon the Congress the need of wise le legislation for Alaska It Is not to our credit as a n. Nation that Alaska which has been ours for or thirty thirty- five years should hould still have as poor a s system tern of oC laws law as Is the case No countr country coun coun- tr try has a more valuable possession possession possession-In In mineral wealth In fisheries furs for for- cats ests and nl also o In land available for certain tam tain kinds of ot farming and stock grow ing lag It Is a a. territory of or great size and varied resources well fitted to support a large permanent population Alaska a needs a good s land law and such provi J for Cor homesteads and pre as will encourage permanent settle Fettle meat ment We Y e should hould shape ape legislation with a a. view not to the exploiting and abandoning of ot the territory ten but hut to the building up of homes therein The rite land laws law should be liberal In typo so at nt to hold out Inducements to the actual set set- tier whom we most delre to se see take possession of ot th the country The forests of Alaska should be he protected and as asa asa asa a secondary but still Important matter the game ame also and at the same time It Is Jg Imperative c that the settlers should be allowed to cut timber under proper regulations for tor their own u use e. e Laws should be enacted to protect the Alaskan Alaskan Alas Alas- kan salmon fish fisheries against t th greed s which would destroy them The They should be preserved as a permanent Industry and food supply Their management an s should hould be turned over to the commission of ot tl fish h and fisheries Ala Alaska Alaka ka should have a Delegate Deles in the Congress s It would he be well is a n. Congressional Con Con- gressional g committee could visit Ala Alaska ka and Investigate In Its needs on the ground Indian Problems v In dealing with the Indians our aim attn should be their ultimate absorption Into the hod body of or our people But In many cases this ab absorption must and should hould be very slow Rio In portions of ot the thc In Indian Indian In- In dian Territory the mixture of blood has gone on at time with pro progress es In wealth and education so that thero therl are plenty of oC men with var varying degrees of or purity of or Indian blood who arc are absolutely absolutely ab ab- ab- ab Indistinguishable In point of or social political and economic ability I from their white associates There are oth r tribes which have ha I as yet et made no perceptible advance toward such equal equal- I It ity To try to force fOlce such tribes too fast I is to pr prevent prent ent their going forward at all Moreover er the tribes live c under widely different conditions Where here a tribe has made considerable arl and lives liveson on fertile farming soli ii it is la possible to allot the members lands In severalty severally much as Is the care with white settlers I There are other tribes where such suh a acour cour course e is II not desirable On the tue arid prairie lands land the effort should be he to In Induce induce In- In I duce the Indians to lead lend pa pastoral toral rather than agricultural lives and to permit them therm to settle In villages rather than to force Corce them Into Isolation lr The large Indian schools situated re remote remote re- re mote from an any Indian reservation do a 1 special and peculiar work of ot great Importance Im im- im But excellent though the theare these are arc an immense amount of additional work must he be done on the reservations themselves amour arnon the old and above all aU among the young oun Indians Poor Lo La Must 1 Work The first and most Important step to toward toward to- to ward ard the tho absorption of oC the Indian Is to teach him to earn carn his living yet et it Is tS s snot not necessarily to be bc assumed assum that In I each community all Indians must become become become be be- come either tillers of Df the soil soli or stock stock- raisers ralser Their Industries may properly be diversified and those who show chow special special cial desire or adaptability for or Industrial industrial Indus indus- trial or even cn commercial pursuits should hould be encouraged so far fal as practicable practicable pralI I cable to follow out each his own oun bent Ever Every effort should hould be made to develop devel devel- I op the Indian alon along the lIn lines s of or natural natura aptitude and to encourage the tho exl existing native e Industries peculiar to certain tribes tribe such suh as the various kinds of or basket bas bas- ket weaving ins canoe building smith work antI anSI blanket work ork Above hove all th the Indian boys and girls should hould be given shon confident command comman of or colloquial English Eng Eng- Eng I lish and should ordinarily he be prepared I for a vigorous orous struggle with tho the condl coridi- under tinder which their p people ople live rather than for Immediate absorption Into some more highly developed com corn The officials who represent the Government Gov Go- In dealing with the Indians Indian work under hard conditions and also als under conditions which render it Jt easy to do wrong and very difficult to detect detec wrong Ton Consequently th they y should b he amply paid on the one hand and on the theother theother theother other hand a particularly hl high h standard standard standard stan stan- dard of oC conduct should be demanded from them and wh where ro misconduct can be he proved the punishment ment should be exemplary Aid to Farming In no department of governmental Go work In recent rEent years ear hn has there beer been greater success uce s than In that of giving gl scientific aid to th the farming population thereby showing them how most to help themselves el There Is 15 no need of or In Insisting upon Its Importance importance Import Import- ance ane for the welfare weHart of oC the farmer armer Is fundamentally necessary nr to the welfare welfare wel wel- fare tare of the Republic as a a. whole In addition to such uch work an as quarantine against ag animal and e vegetable plagues and warring against them thorn when here hero introduced much efficient help has been rendered to the farmer h by the In Introduction In- In of or new plants specially tilted for cultivation atlon under tinder the peculiar conditions con eon existing In different portions of or orthe the country Now New cereals cereal have been established In the semi arid West est For or Instance the practicability pr of ot producIng producIng producing Ing the best types of macaroni in regions o of an annual rainfall of or only ten Inches or thereabouts has been conclusively con con- dusl ch demon demonstrated Through the tho Introduction of oC new rices In lii Louisiana and Texas the production of or rice In this country ha has hag been made to about equal the home hom demand In the Southwest the t possibility of or overstocked overstocked over over- stocked range lands has been demonstrated demonstrated demon demon- dEmon dEmon- In the North many new fora forage e crops have ha been heen introduced while In Inthe Inthe inthe the East It has been shown that some gome of or our choicest I fruits can cn h h. h he stored and shipped chipped in Itt such a n wa way a sA to find a a profitable market abroad National Museum I again recommend to the favorable consideration of oC the Congress the plans of oC the Smithsonian ton Institution for tor making the museum under It Us O charge worth worthy of ot the Nation an and for tor P Ing at the national capital not only records cords of ot the vanishing races ot of of men but of ot the animals of oC this continent will soon become become be become be- be the buffalo which like bufalo wi come extinct unless specimens from which their representatives may be re renewed renewed Te- Te are arc sought In their native re regions regions re- re gions and maintained there In iii safety Needs Need of Washington The rhe District of or Columbia Is 1 the only part of ot Distrct our territory In which the thc N Na National local or tonal Government exercises municipal functions and where In itt consequence consequence con con- sequence the Government ha has a a. free tree freehand hand In reference to certain hp typos types s of oC social and anel economic legislation which must be he essentially local loal or municipal I In their character The Government Go H should V Ece see to io U it I for Instance that the hygienic and sanitary legislation affecting af- af w WashIngton ton Is of or a a. high character chur- chur acter The evils of or slum ls e slur dwellings dwelling r In the ln shape shaP of or crowded and ane con congested tenement house districts or of ot the back back alley alley district type typo should never ne be beTh permitted to grow uI up In Jn Washington Th The city ii should t be a model In every rc- rc fot or all al the cities o ot of The J charitable i cites and of or the correctional 88 district should receive con cony at the hands of ot the Congress to the e end that 1 they i V may many embody tho the re results of or the most advanced thought In th these e fields Hels Ioro er while Washing ton Is not hot a great t industrial city there them is h come fome here and our la la- la hor bor legislation while It would not not bo be Important In Itself ml might ht be ma made e a a. au mo model el for the rest of or n u il the Nation Naton We e should hould pa PURS for Instance a a- 3 wise em em- j act for the District j 01 or Columbia and wo we need such Buch tin nn act In n our nV navy yards Railroad companies 4 In n the thc district ought to bo ho required by law to block their frogs frogg Protection to Railroaders The safety appliance law for the better hetter bet het- ter protection of ot lives l and limbs of at railway rail rall- way av employees which was passed In iii 1593 93 3 went Into full lul effect on Au August 1 It has resulted In I averting thousands thou thou- sands of ot casualties Experience shows however the necessity i of oC additional legislation to perfect this law A bill to provide for this passed the Senate bi nt at it the last session It Is la to be hoped that some such measure may now bo be l enacted Into law Jaw Useless Documents Document There Is la a growing tendency to provide pro pro- vide ride for the thc publication of ot masses mases of ot documents for which there Is no public demand and for the printing of ot which there thele is no r real al necessity nic Large nUI- nUI nun num- bc rs of ot volumes are arc turned out b by th the Government printing presses for tor which there Is no justification Nothing should hould be he printed printe by hy any of or the departments unless It contains contain something of or permanent perma nent value and the Congress Cong could nt n-nt 8 with wih advantage ad cut down vcr very materially on onni all ni the printing which it has now be become become he- he come customary to provide The cx- cx ce t sl cost CORt of or Government Go printing I Ia isa la is laa a a strong strong argument against g the position of o those who are arc inclined on abstract grounds to advocate the Governments Government's doing any work which can with propriety propriety pro pro- Iro- Iro be he left In iii private hands Merit System Gratifying roges progress has been heen made mad during the year In the extension of oC th th merit meri system Estem of making appointments In the Government service It I should be extended ext b by law to the District of ot Columbia It I Is much to he tie de desired that our Consular s system tem be established by hy law on a a basis |