| Show HEW JAPANESE I IHDOSTRIES7 I A Visit to tho Von ollnl Thug IfuctortoM and low I They Aro Monopolizing tho Matting MurhotH I SimtHttf Mml Japanese SUb and Silk lfannsTheir I llonJtrnt I ftftr and I Ulftitttle Camtylllat Gall a Laborer to Iht and lllty lit Can Htrk to I Clitaffy llii WifH SemiMng tlb ut eke ClerksA adorers Dally Lift I and Olhir Ktaiy Goitif About thl Liveliest Xilttn of Alia I drefat aernpaweenee 01 tee NOW cP1rlbto by rrank 0 carplnt MM liE NEW s treal be r treaty I yqy racers JapAn II and the Un I + ted Htatcs O which Is now I In tho hand of the I SenateS I Senate-S irf probably I make n big I dificrence in i si w our lrndo 1 III with the Japanese Heretofore all our business has had lobe lo-be done through a limited number ol the porttol the country It has been Im pculble for merchants or Importers to travel through the empire picking out their own good and buying direct from the manufacturers All business has been done through middlemen who are Japanese Dy this treaty Americans can go into business anywhere In Japan They can set up factories and employ 1 Japanese cheap labor to make goods 0r America and they can buy where they please The new treaty will make a great change In Japan and It will probably pro-bably be the most prosperous country the world during the next five or ten ears The settlement ol the Chinese war will bring n great amount of money Into the country The biggest cities are already building factories and foreign trade Is being cultivated In every possible pos-sible way The Japanese have for some lime realized that the market of the world are open to them They are now studying our tastes and they are manufacturing manu-facturing for our markets They are fast becoming a nation of Inventors and during the past summer I spent some weeks In looking their new Industrie especially those which are springing up with a view to American markets One of these was the business growing up In Japanese rug and matting It is really wonderful what they have done within a few years In these branches of I trade The Japanese had no rugs be d i fore they began to lake up the new civilization They are now making the most beautiful rugs In the world and Iso the cheapest There loots I Amerl can film In Kobe which It shipping vast itianllliM of rues to the United Stale and which li Introducing the manufacture manu-facture Into Japan In n curious WAY Icrhipi the most expensive book ever made was produced by this firm They had artists go to all the great museums ol Europe ouch copy the colors and patterns of I the finest rugs In the world They bound these patterns Into n bonk which they sent mil In J lapen and put Jsetf re Into cl the hands of the workmen and now these famous lugn arc being copied In jute T he jute was brought Irom India iiid the new rues arc equal In colors to he originals They cell lot a song In comparison with II the Turkish rugs and there Is n possibility that the Japanese will toe uj > the making of woolen rues If they tics so they will crowd the eastern rugs out of the market lor they are born artists and every child In the rI tun empire Is a genius as to the manipulation manipula-tion of colors There arc villigea In Japan that make nothing but these rugs 1 visited one known as bakal near Osaka and I was Introduced to the biggest ol the manufacturers a man who employed three thousand hands The work was done almost altogether by hind and r In l houses which looked more like stables than anything else The proprietor name was Filao nl he was a very bright Japanese Indeed lIe had two hundred house In his establishment establish-ment and he took me to n number uf i these borne of the children who were i working at rug moking were under six jean ol age and there were a number of girls I about ten They receive from seven to eight cents In silver a day and they work Irons eight In tho morning until un-til six at night having an hour at noon for lunch They work Sunday and week days but hate two holidats during dur-ing each month I talked I with Mr Mil and as to the prices of the rugs and It li wonderful how cheaply they can be made Taken rug three feet wide by six sect IOIIK of I the kind that Is used for hearth rug in the United Stale and which costs when sold at home about f 3 Jj It takes a Japanese four days to i make one of these rugs The jute his tube imported l It must pay a duty oncoming I rn dja l r coming Into Japan and the rugs I I think pay a duly on Itoln Into America Altogether out of this f a23 there come about ilxleen profit and the wage ate so low that the Japanese can allord 1 to niko them The Japanese ate making lomo very curious rug now Their cotton rugs ore good l and cheap though the best which are very closely woven cost about as much as our Imitation Smyrna rugs TilE NEW JVfANUSE MATTING I talked sometime wild Mr George Flood the head of a new American linn about the matting Industry which has recently sprung up In Japan and l which Is now driving the Chinese matting out of our markets Ho soya that It Is only four or five years now since lhe I J lonanesr r that rI tr r bean to I export this article I and that we already take I 150 ouu rolls n year The mulling I come Iron near Hiroshima where the emperor Im been holding his court during the war with Clllla It has beta used lor years by I the Japanese no n covering for rcars floors but It was made only fnO white patterns and the mats were put together In the form ot cushion about three feet wide and six feet long and the houses were 10 built that a number ol these mats just fitted Into each room nnd the sue ol a room In Japan is known by the number of mat It takes to cover It Very little of the malting such at Is sent to America Is 1 used fI in Tanan ndlst the Industry has grown up just or the eJlort > trade These mats are now woven In colon nnd they are If I anything thinner than the Chinese matting and are much store beautiful In their artistic finish borne look os though they wets woven of threads of gold and others are as fine asa as-a Panama hat The Jap me e originate new patterns every year They dont like to work I after the old ogles Different Dif-ferent workmen exchange Ideas And they produce new things every year This matting I Is made out of a reed edicts grows without knots It is much like rice but lit produce no seed of value It has a market value and Is sold by the pound II needs a warm climate Ills harvested like wheat and Is well dried and bleached before II Is old the mats nre dyed with aniline colors and these are imported l lIs woven ery much like cloth and all of the pieces have to be put In by hand l After Ills I finished it is clipped with a pair of I scissor And alter leaving the machine It has lobe again dressed The work Is > o carefully done that two men with an assistant can make only Irom two to Ihree roll per month Rod the rolls are worth rout Jjto io In silver In Japan when 1 they are ready lor shipment this li from one dollar to five dollars G In gold and thus you sec how cheap the wage must bo CHINA M JAPAN I asked Mr Ilood ns to what was to bi the future of this malting Industry tel replied ror believe It Wf eventually drive the Chinese nuuinir t out of tits Ifl n market It li much prettier than lice Chinese malting I Ills clean and health > altelli 11 The cheapest varlclle can be put into America for about seven cents per yard though the more expensive kind are of course very much dearer As 1 said before was almost unknown Industry Indus-try five years ago but It now employs I thousands of men and women and there are whole counties Ids practically practical-ly live air of It apana trade with America deems lit 1 be Increasing IIldl I Yes Ills was the reply and It will continue la SI Increase The Japanese are studying aWo world and they ate coins l to make all soils of cheap Jo They make as fine paper as you can find In America and their silk trade I Is good here ea iioutu sick looms In Klota t and they now compete with Franco In all kinds of silk It would surprise you to know hue number curios that are sent anay from here There Is one firm In New Fork km which r Import I 150000 worth every year and you find them for sale II In all ml store in I America I l hate never seen anything I 1 like these Jcpanrse J r T ol They are wonder In the way Industry Indus-try The whole family works and the more the children the bigger tho Income Japan Is In fact about time most prosperous pros-perous J country In the world today here are practically no beggars and tie people are happy and well tu da Tim general Idea of Japan that It Is made up of fans pretty girls and curio shopi This li n great in lake These I arc but t the Incidents of the life r of tai an This Is a big business nation and It U business from the word go The chief Industries ol f the country Ale devoted to upphlng the good which the people for ir themseloos SAJh need for themselves and the curio met chants are like tho antiquity denlers of other countries and l do not constitute a big business part of the nation SOIIRTIMNO AbOUT JAPANESE BILKS Thera are quite a number of Amerl can In Japan who are now engaged In buying silk and shipping them to the tll I tesnie United Mate Several large factories t have lately been erected One which was built n year or no ago cost hall a million dollars I and It Isoptrated largely by women and girls 1 JJe receive from ten tj twenty cent per lay AS wages The best of the male operator are paid about fifty cent per diy and these people peo-ple are working with modern machinery Japan Is now Importing quite a large number of cocoon and she raise Hum by tho Ion every year I was very much Interested in I the progress It Indifferent 1 VI el1 i r rlro from that used In China The egg of the silkworm are placed on piece of paper and hung up In n warm room b liav ovurtl sr about five feet above the flo > r As Boon as they are hatched tho rue sprinkled with bran made from millet and after a short lime they arc fed with mulberry leave which are cut up into little bits and the piece are Increased in site ns the worms grow They are fed eight lime every twtntyfour hours at first and as they get older their meals arc cut down to four It takes i < xa pounds of mulberry leave to lee the number silkworms hatched from one sheet uf eggs which varies from 01 nuooto 60000 In number nnd the ham upon which they are laid have to be hanged every day They must be kept In warm room and they ccj their hlllllClt meals At night When tiny are fullgrown they begin to make their cocoon and the butterflies ate destroyed I In hn cocoon from which limo silk is to be made The caterpillar and butterflies are often killed by tarnlng the cocoons and the cocoon are Killed so al in have the Allk ol an even fineness and color The cocoons are bulled before they are reeled and there in a vast deal of work In making 1 a single thread of silk As to thus reeling ol silk the greater I part of It Is still done by hand and by the cudest ort 01 machinery The motive power J for turning the reels of some ol the factories consist of men who walk around l in a circle like a horse In a tannery pushing two pole which by a hlrh wrbr no tl series of cogs run the work in the rooms below These men receive about ten cents da antidmc silk teeters who are tlikl laborers get about fiileen cent a day There are two sorts Iel looms on which the silk Is woven and these looms are of the rudest construction The women do the mint of the weaving and silk crape Is made by twisting two threads In opposite IIbJjr II tli hut posite directions thus producing I the crinkly appearance of the texture Time mOlt of the silk used In Japan Is for Its own people nnd you find large silk stores In all ot the cities and there U hardly a girl In Japan who has not A ilk dress We hate an Idea l thai the people are loud In their clothe nils Is n mistake Tho Inches of Japan seldom sel-dom appear on the street except in the most quiet colors and tho ipanese gentlemen wear IOn grays and black One of these Osaka silk store ha dozens of clerks who squat down on the floor when they sell you the goods he There are no counters The book keeper oils flat on the floor and figures nil his calculations on a box of wooden I buttons strung upon wires He moves these up and down and can tell you the talmis In n moment and he seldom make I a mistake MEW JAPANESE INDUSTRIES A number of new Industrie are mak I Ine their way Into Japan and a great deal of Japanese wallptper is now i shipped to Amclc1 It looks much like Lincrusta Walton and some of It has the I appearance of leather I believe that Japanese letter paper would sell well In the United Slate It shine like silk and It Is I wonderfully strong Indeed some ot the iheets made At tho government govern-ment paper mill near Tokyo are so tough that a man can stand In the center of the sheet and be lilted I up by others who hate 1dn of the corners There Is n big modern paper mill now In Kobe Japan and the wrapping paper ol the country is I much finer than anything we hate It Is as toll as doth and they lute n way of making the I piper so that I It hat all the quahtlc uf cloth dol Is by no means offeiuUe to ones touch when med ns handkerchiefs Japan Is now publishing some of the most beautiful books ol F the world and mttr Is an establishment Tokyo which will compare com-pare In size with l those I ol our big publishers lloTh price for printing and cncravine are wonderfully cheap and I believe fi believe that our office could make money by having their plats prepared In Japan and printed there or here I dont know as to the copyright law In this reaped but you can get the tmest of halftone work such as Fe med f hi our list magazine Illustrations for fifteen cents per square Inch In American money Such Illustrations cost from forty tn fifty cents per square Inch In oils country JAFANMK CANDIES It Is n wonder to see that the Japanese J Japa-nese candy Is I nol Imported Into the United States I believe that some enterprising man like the fellow who got up I lime digesting chewing gums could make a fortune by hipping a Japanese sweet which is known as mldzuame 1 Into I the United Slates Tin Is n delicious candy much more palatable pala-table than gumdro and ol about the lame nature It Is said to be excellent for dyspepjli I and tome people take It nIter their meal It Is made also In the I form of a strupand looks like a thick golden molasses and Is much better to the taste It could bo used for cakes and the babies could eat It without danger It Is made from rice and wheat and Ills I believed that the same sweet could be made here from Indian corn Other candies are made ol beans and all ol time sweets could be Imported to the United Stale and sold at good price There Is hardly I anything we use cehal ej Japanese could not make cheaper than I wo do and there are very lew at things which they could nol mike as well hey are now building I watch 1 t r oa factories The wage are so remarkably low and Ihelr workingmen can live like lords on what our laborers would starve on soot JAPANESE ECONOMIES The people of the far east have nothing noth-ing like our wants A workingman can furnish his house there for less than ten dollar I and they save its every possible way rtl It Is a cry poor American I laborer Indeed who has not fifty dollars worth of furniture In his house He itas table that cut all the way from la to fto apiece Ills 1 chairs cost him Irorn fifty cent upward Ills carpets are expen > lve and his cooking stove eats a big hole Into a month wages The Japanese I uses only malting nnd he carpets his I home of r two t or three rooms for as many dollars Ills pots pans and Move cost him all told not more than lose and I halo seen It estimated that a couple can go to housekeeping on Iso Chopsticks by no means expensh e as knives and forks and his pillow are ol wood costing about couple of cents apiece He l has no bed and he sleeps rle 11 nrole er on the floor and so yon see that I he naves every way Think of the saving on rocking chairs and lounges Take all the beds and cooking states In Amend What an immense amount they must coitl Suppose our laborers wore straw aand ls and well to do men trotted about on wooden clogs Suppose Sup-pose our stockings were thrown away and we used foot mitten Ihat only came as high ns the ankles Suppose lor the next ten years the 6souo ono people of J rrlda alt te J 3 r the United Stales would I not need to wear undcrclolhlnj and suppose instead In-stead ol living off ol beefsteak and 1 all i oils of other expensive mean we should confine ourselves to rice full vegetable and lea You can see w hat an Immcnie saving there would be Remember Re-member I do not adtocate these change but they enter as factors In the CJo competition I rcln Is bound to ensue with these people ot Asia In the future when by modern snachinerylhey will rII yv fr begin I to manufacture for the world TUB LABORERS DAILY LIU I risked tome questions In western loran as to how the working people lite 1 was told that neatly every man had his nun cottage or house and that lice rent I was sometime as low as four cents u month and tho house sometimes consists con-sists of only one room Still It Is wonderful how happy tie people are and how rkl laugh as they I work Urn I ateragc workingman rises at six and has his breakfast consisting of rice and lea The rice Is often cold and it may I hate been tell over from last nights ereoJII rl rnea 011r i dinner He pours hot tea upon It to warm It and eats It w Ith choisticks At i tight he begins work and at noon he has a lunch of rice furnished by his i employer At six he eats his dinner at hume Tills consists ol plenty of rice i n little dried fish and clams II they ore In season In the evening he smokes chats and gossips with the neighbors and Ir I eIN bh r Isle probably goes to bed early He his Iwo suits of clothes one for working and the other far holiday I He I goes to the public fthea t lic bath about once a day nnd there parboils himself connection with the other men and women of his acqualn lance for alxiul t eIghl tenths t of a cent tltlt There I are also public 1 baths In 1 Tokvo alone In which 300000 people hart dally at tho cost ol one cent a head and though the workman may omit his dinner din-ner he will seldom omit his bath You find public baths In all thu cities and these are full every evening Doth men and women bathe together in I the I country dllrlcl and a whole limlly goes to the bath I house and babies and all steam themselves timil their pores ore clean Within the last hew years there has been a separation of the sexes In I the igh city bath house but It I has only been by running fence about three feel high I through the pools and the I mm t fJ bathe on roo sidewhile lhe women wash Ihintseltes on tho other bOUCTIIINO ABOUT WAGES bum told that wages have been Increasing In-creasing since the modern civilization has come Into Japan J but they are still very low and the reduction In tho price of silver lust about cuts them in hall The figures which follow I are In Japanese eAd W currency and If they were In American money they would be just half of what J L y li i Is here given Common laborers receive from ten to twenty cents a day and the men who pull earls and practically take the place of our dray horses gel from len to fifteen cents In the cities the prices ore higher than these but farm laborer often receive less than fifteen cents ii day Carpenters get te from forty lo fifty cents Head catlmen receive from entfive loforlyccnlsa day and paperhangers gel from forty cents upward up-ward Illacksmlths are paid from tneulylhrto to thirty eight cents and painter about the same I saw many I boys uorklng for about ten cents a day and I was told that Iho clerks In the stores who got ifs n month thought they were ilolne exceeding well Many 11rkel clerks work fur their board and their clothes with the understanding that alter on apprenticeship of about ten I year he merchant will give them a small stuck ol goods nnd allow them to start out for themselves CF |
