Show Il Duces Duce's fJ T el Drive Tr Traced ced to Broken World 1 Treaty JL Editor noie vole retails Detail of 01 a document demo bow the allied nations nation attempted to 10 rare r tip Bps Europe and A Alia l during durina- the lie World war were err un- un Minor w d Ind b by bp Fra rank Frank en bureau in national New Kewi t rl bureau In fern rife document II Ji In IH form of a Irp trials reached In la 1017 1917 war awarded i of Turkey to lit If air Jt portion lara I a win AI a at the roofer roofer- rate core two 0 year ea J. J later By Dy FRANK FRANIC GI GERVASI ROME May 23 A INS INS A bidden hidden hidden hid bid den chapter of World war Intrigue In Intrigue Intrigue In- In disclosing how the allies broke their promises of ot territorial rewards reward to Italy was unearthed by International News New Service to to- to day There arc are competent observers In Italy today who believe It was this betrayal that paved the way to fascism as Premier Mussolini's Mussolini's Musso Musso- linis lini's revenge The hitherto unrevealed diplomatic diplomatic diplomatic diplo diplo- matic Intrigue centered about the the secret treaty of San Glov Giovanni dl di In fn which Great Britain Britain Brit Brit- ain aln France and Russia promised Italy Itay a huge slice of Turkey and the port of Smyrna as her share of ot the projected partition of ot Asia Minor Sabotage of the agreement tinder under tin im- der pressure from Britain Russia and nd France Franceva va 88 was considered here as directly responsible for col col- lapse of the moderate liberal government government gov gov- r of Premier Vittorio Or Or- lando This This-in ln turn created for Mussolini Musso Musso- lini linit a aa a. a golden opportunity to seize leadership and thus gave the world a man whose power Is backed by bya a foreign policy aimed at redeeming redeeming redeeming redeem redeem- ing all the allies' allies broken pledges of ot territorial and economic advantages advantages advantages ad ad- vantages even at the cost of war The treaty dug out of ot the musty files flies of ot the Palazzo by this correspondent takes its name namo from the fact it was signed in a sleeping car drawn UP un on a sid sid- sid sid- ing near the little town of San Giovanni in near the French frontier That was on the night of ot April 20 1917 while the guns of Europe beat out a deafening clamor on the western front It was then according to Italian records that the diplomats of France Britain Russia and Italy partitioned Asia Asia- Minor The treaty provided through clauses interlocking with the pact of London and the secret Anglo- Anglo French treaty of May 1916 that Italy Itay would receive 1 A definite sphere of ence In the oriental basin of the Mediterranean 2 2 The Islands 3 S. A slice lice of Turkey Turley bounded by a a. line Hue running eastward just north of Smyrna as ns far as and then south to the Mediterranean nean forming a n rough quadrangle of square miles The opportunity for lively ItalIan Italian Italian Ital Ital- ian trade eastward afforded aCCorded by bythe bythe bythe the treaty treaty treaty-a a fundamental of Italian Hal Ital ian fan expansionist ambition in the Mediterranean would Mediterranean would have given Rome the outlet she needed then l I r Ms and ana which she thinks minus s she needs even today Italy might then have become a content nation in the view of political experts but when Premier Premier Premier Pre Pre- mier Orlando and Foreign Minister MinIster Minister Min Min- ister Sidney Sonnino went to tie the peace conference at Versailles Versailles' to collect the allied promises promise they encountered a new situation that permitted the Greeks to land at Smyrna the Italian records dis dis- close The sources which which revealed revealed re the treaty tre ty and It Its I aftermath to this correspondent furnished what whal Continued on Page Four Column Two r t ti i Mussolini's Rise tp to Power ower Tra Traced Tr idi e r S 4 j s f v v a To T Sab Sabotage oi of World orld War Tr Treaty aty Continued from Page On Ont were described as as stenographic notes taken down at the May 11 1919 morning session of the peace conference Present were Georges Clemence Clemenceau u David Lloyd George President Wilson Vilson Sonnino Orlando Orlando Orlando Or Or- lando and Lord Hankey ey The notes tate state that hat Orlando pressed for permission to fo land Italian troops at Smyrna and the following conversation ens ensued ed Clemence Clemenceau u Now there re remains remains remains re- re mains only the Greek affair re regarding regarding regarding re- re garding which we must explain ourselves During the absence of the Italian delegates from the conference the Greeks asked us permission to land at Smyrna and we acceded to their request As a result there has been a concentration concentration con con- of ships I believe at Kavala We desired them to land As far as we know many ItalIan Italian Italian Ital Ital- ian warships are at present in Smyrna six Smyrna-six six or seven Orlando Only two Clemenceau We Ve do not wish to see this proportion of disembarkation disembarkation disembarkation of Italian English and French troops France has only a small f force there and does not wish the Italians to disembark In greater number Orlando You are speaking of a landing party of Greeks French English and Italians 1 Clemenceau We will occupy Smyrna but we repeat we do J not ot wish to give any indication of part par- par t t on of territory y Lloyd George We proposed that the occupation should be Greek to avoid ev eventual ulterior mass massacres cres by Turks of Greek Citizens ls f J JCl i Cl J Clemenceau I 1 repeat that we we were were ere asked pe permission mission t to make this landing Wilson interrupting angrily We Ve suggested this to Greece The original request did not come from Greece The council suggested suggested sug SUI- to Greece that they disembark dis- dis dis Jis- emb embark rk their troops to prevent ulterior massacres Orlando This is news to me Orlando and Sonnino ac according to the Italian records then pointed out that the tre treaty ty of ofSan ofSan ofSan San Giovanni dl di Morlant definitely definitely definitely advanced Smyrna to Italy The conversation then continued Lloyd George Yes es but now that accord is no longer valid Russia did not assent You on the other hand have occupied many other points Sonnino The treaty of London London London Lon Lon- don to which the treaty of San Giovanni dl di was linked till stands Here and much to the irritation tion Hon of ot aI the Italian delegates tes according according ac ac- cording to information here Lloyd George moved to call another meeting to consider the Italian demands en bloc The Italians knew mew that oy this method they would get eyen less than they had expected and objected t to d Sailing such a special meeting The conference conference con con- ference terence was in th the afternoon afternoon aft The transcript Lloyd George eorge I have to in in- I. I r form you the Greeks are are about to steam Jr Into Smyrna Wilson They will will leave 1 soo soon Lloyd George They can make it iti Kavala is only four hours away from Smyrna Sonnino The ships are already already already al al- al- al ready concentrated Wilson Yes while you were absent Lloyd George the way it is The position was taken weeks wees ago Thus Orl Orlando and Sonnino re returned returned returned re- re turned to toRome Rome empty handed to find themselves faced by growing opposition from left wing elements elements elements ele ele- ele- ele ments which from the beginning had opposed Italy's entry into the World war Orlando fell and Francisco came to power followed follow d by Giovanni Giovanni Gio Gio- vanni Giolitti and the strikes which marked his regime then Mussolini and the black shirts shirt began to sweep Italy With castor castor castor cas cas- tor oil and bludgeons he and his followers beat their way to Rome and power with a determination to vindicate the wrongs against Italy Along with the treaty and the Versailles transcript this correspondent correspondent corre corre- was was shown copies of se secret secret secret se- se cret telegrams allegedly cx- cx ex exchanged changed between Moscow and the Russian ambassador to Washington Washing Washing- ton cited as proof of the part Russia played in sabotaging the San Gi Giovanni vanni document In a message sent on August 18 1917 to M. M Russian ambassador to Washington Foreign Foreign For For- eign ein Minister was alleged to have said the time was altogether ther inopportune to examine examine ex ex- amine the partition of Turkey according to Italian Italian Ital Ital- ian records was ordered to confer confer confer con con- con con- fer confidentially with the American Ameri Amen can secretary of state and induce induce induce in duce him to coincide with the tho Russian belief that territorial annexation an an- must be staved off oft at atall at atall all costs This was' was done the Italians Italians Italians' cl claim im despite the fact that Russia Russia Rus Rus- sia sla Britain and France already had agreed to give Italy a piece of Turkey orB Fori copyright ht 1938 for The he Telegram Reproduction In whole or part prohibited pro pro- |