| Show The Yangtse Kiang Somo of the Wonder of the Oleu teNt imer of Gliiim = TAt InniHiilf of Hit ilnfUf 1iHvA 11U1 Rmpfrt Cut Vfi > 01 auI UUtd Like JffOHHtCMMU O ntry innA NttkH of 1111 CKtnti ftB ooi Strtitr o1 H Anrtn Art 7iaIWrnlMng IkeI Hi lIt Unfit mil a Lt al Me nIM CYI of Ngoqking = = OflOId bY rrwt 0 CutnlM MM sn tn d 1 IM NON j N-ON BoAHHACiiiHKit STKMU 600 Mil in know TIIK MOITII or Tilk UNOrut XIANO Mirth 07 11194 I hAVE been j riding tit Jays upon the great I I p anils < l river J and I write thlt elterlnalmott the center of II the Chlnete J I V empire I am within let I than a hun f died mile of i the Chicago of t the celestial Mind the vast city of lltnkour and am Kitting through the country where the Chlnete mohbed the foreigner a sear or to ago burning down the bourn of the mlttlonarlet and killing tome of the Knglhtli officer of the ChlneM customs Lit night I left KlultUnn a UK trading crater al the mouth of the Ioyang lake and ilur tog the pont IMO wtfli I he pouted a bulldoze cities utile tin Cleveland or aldington < < and hnve traveled I through about the annie number of great ttale having an aggregate imputation impu-tation tomclhlng like one hundred and lilly million or people All the town I have vlsltrd I hue found packed with a throng hauler than you fnd on lower llroadway al noonday and I am tmaied at the Immensity of this great Chinese empire and iii court nun population I entered the angtse I at lit mouth where ll flow through Ihe Chinese province or tate of Mangiu Thii li I In lIre center of the east coast and It lias an area about Ing ai that Ienniylvtnla It contain more than teflon many people u the whole United State and lit population It I equal lo that of the Ilrillih Isles I TIre Hale of unliul which I ne > t entered It no bigger than Kantoo but It supports twenty teven million people and the state of llupeh In winch I am now traveling trot over twenty million This great river hell lrau millions who are born live and die upon Ito t water and tl every landing I Me a thicket ol 1 pole each of which tnring from the home of one of the million ot Umllle which make up China boat 1 population I am anuied It the wonderful resource of the country My cyet bulge out at the muscle an1 I Industry of its people and my head bune In trying to understand the curl out liE hI whlcli are crowded upon me China great rhert are among the wonder of the world and the angtse Kiang It the king of its kind It ha n greater volume of water than the Nile or Ihe Amaion and It hit built up a creater country than tgypt I alone the low land of China In proaching It from the ocean I found the waters ills colored by In rnu Uly lluld many mile out at tea and It limit the tally brine yellow for tlity mllet from III mouth Here It is I about at thick an pea soup You draw up a bucket and In a moment its bottom will have a thick sediment 01 mud I had 1 been warned not louse the tphot which run trout Ihe bottom of the boat Into my bath but thl morn Ing Ihe boy had I made ll too hot and I tried to cool the barrel of filtered water In the tub with about a gallon front the inglte d I thought tire amount wan to little I t that It could not affect the rest The result wat that the dear water became the color of mud and my Uire foot tart an Imprettlon on the bottom as mtrkeil at tint ol the savage which to scared Houlnton Crusoe on the desert Itlind l It iso tort of a grllly till but I I am told l Hut tlure It I no river on earth which brlngidown a tedlment more fcr tile The whole of the great plain uf north and central China mao been nude by it 1 hit plain Is I seven hun Ired mile long and it tupport more than a hundred hun-dred millions ol people The Nellow river runt through It a hundred miles north of this point and l this river in combination with the jnclii has built the foundation I of one fourth t the I Chlnete empire Today It li ettlmatetl that the amount of dirt they carry down from the highland of Iiiibet and ol China I U to great 1t that t Itl forms every two month an bland 1 a mile smmre In r the tea and at the mouth of the anctti I i r iI1 tailed by the Itung 1 Ming Itland wIt ehld w-It thirty I two mile I long and about ten broad It hat heert built l up within a hundred year or to and now IIM cities and llltget and l supports more than a million i eople Tine ten at the mouth of the Yangtte I a filled ln with little is i land many of which hate grownup within the memory of men now In Ing and along the low bank of the riser I can tee the struts of toll which ll hat brought dow n from year to > ear At tom t-om olnu these lines of ted mtnt are from one to two feet thick and they arc of at marked colon at strata of rock The river ins a vast volume ol water A line of freight wt < light cart read Ing from New Vurk to Chicago and carrying I twenty t torn each could i nut bold lit one day dUcharge into the tea and l III rite and l all at fire city ol Hankow about sin 1 hundred and fifty lullet from ill mouth runnel during the year from forty to fifty feet Wllhon the ji I1 t ten tlayt the river hat riser tlurleen lict I and ills now goIng opal the i ran ol a out a day The rite In the angtte Klang t It I to gnat that embankment hate to be built along lu course for mure than I out nillet All ol the country I have pawed through it dlktd ann tilt nut only nato the river but nloo 1 osto every creek andraual connected uilli it Cn tral China U I morM rut up by wit ruas than Holland l and there are more sInks here 10 the 1nr I t8 mile > than you wil ti In the NethcrlanJ Sailing along the Yangtie y omnu these dims In every dire ui lint Tlly Are about twenty let hljh and from thirty to forty feet wide at the bate and theIr lop form the road and rumba of tIne country kmg them you see all nortt of Chinese char acten trudging along their figured ill houetled tgalntt the blue tky Mere goethe goet-he great Height < car of China It Ia a wheelbarrow and a native coolie pmhej I II llthlnd him comet another species of the tame a man carrying < < two great lmsnls ef fattened to the end < of the bow like pole which rails upon bit thouldera ieil IOU tee a brightly dretted girl earing red panlaloom n blue sack carrying a ptratol of paper and looking < very gay it the hohblea up the bank You note mandarlnet rl ling < < In blue chair carried between two bare legged cuoliet who trot alone In front and helund and among the nobles the iminon people on foot cOi Here I and there you msy tee a theep or a hog but the hortet are compara lively few and the only cattle are the iialf hog hall cow known as the water luiflalo outeetheoeworklnglnlhe fields pulling rude pi < Might < < l or turning the wooden water wheelt which are uteil In tome utU orOlf tar c Irrlga lion They are orO all tin world tike the SiLlyeht of Egypt and there are many thing about you which remind you of the Inel 01 the Ihraoh You tee no cattle or ironic dr 2ging bur dent upon the embankment and the canal anil rivers In fact lake the place or road In all thIs part ol China It It I saint fan cm go lo every mans mouse In a frost liiere are tiumerou creeks that empty Into the langtM The nioullitol three are filled with junks and on them and 1 the canals which cut III the Itnd like a net you tee the mattt and sails of boati walking at It were rapidly over the ureen field l Ollen there will be several llnet of the hoat running turallel with the river heir while tail rowing tmaller In the dlttance until they form white tpeckt upon the d n line of the horlton The cutt of making and keeping up thii tenet of embankment muit be enorni I oui TIne Vangtte change lit l courts every now and lt then nfteclIt away the I toll and new dike have to be built In nany pisces there are teveral rows ol earth one behind thin other and I the remain of dltcardetl emhankmtnl r are everywhere visible In the tummer the river risen and lId yttniog not to diked 1 loutet are oren welt away vll age are deitroved t and the land be comei oa great Inlan la I tea All along he courte are the eestigesotjmaet Hood soil here and there you tee graveyard that t the liver bat eaten Into snnt I you note the t gaping hole 1 tell by I Ihe coffin At one point about lou mild from where I now am I taw a coffin estenni 1 lug h1I way out ol the bank It undoubtedly un-doubtedly contained a skeleton and l Ihe sooonl wa rotten with age The water seen then within la loot of it a deb tInts time It mutt have been wothed out toe to-e Here and there we could tee men Irrigating the toll by tread mill iumH worked by half naked celeitlal and everywhere man teemed to be waging a brave light with nature and getting the lied I 01 It Speaking of collins I coul I tee them now and again I log on the river hank They mere centrally cotered with a I thatch of straw and Iris I It a common I way for the people lo dltpote of their dead They have not enough money to Rive their Irlend a decent burial and they by tine collins I out until they can 1 h 1 rla earn the funeral pemei Near Sliang hallw I houtetfor the noting of dead bable They were little one story butt uith a window or hole near the ton The freth collin are put Into thl window win-dow and placed upon tine ledge half kI JI ie Kicking t out The licit corner puth the collin on the window Into the charnel home and put their own Infant dead Into their placet to be thoved turn by thote who follow them At the scenery along the Vain sIc however U H a Len eral idea that China It one vat plain covered with grave mound 1 saw tome graveyards r It It 1 true but they were cuniuratlvely few Tie people bury nosy their houwt when they can and 1 thi graveyard were probably l far back from the river They I used thee the-e e spots and hilU A large I part ol the I country t U rolling and the Idea I Chino conslitt ol one vast Hat thin is I Incorrect Where I am now riling I am turroundetl by magnificent hlllt and all along thl great river you find break ol rolling country I taw the mow on ft i on r nII II h the mountains when I came up Pail Ihe city of Muklang and at Ichang above here there are gorges which compare with the canyons ol Colorado In their agnificent granduer 1 here are luau I nnl let Inland and l the sources ol the Yangl searetnso mile alwve the tea riiene gorges are narrow chasm with a Cllnenl to swift that Ihe boati which pat up them have lo be hauled siang by gang of men and tine water in Oth em Itltttld tometlme risen tao feet above Hi ordinary level Thy are comparatively thort and if they could be piuued by tleatmrt Iho sara region of the Yanglte could be lapped and l temb all iculd travel ama mllei Into he interior Thor I U i till talk of building tleamert mall enough and powerful enough wlllutand tne current cur-rent ot thete gorges and it It I not an Impouibllity that the whole ol interior China ulll at tome time be opened up l by 1101111 The angtte today It one ol the realest trade routes of the world China 1 It said to have I more boats no her water than all the r1 l of the world combined She is i the beat watered country In Gouts I green eaith and hut more wonder Waterways Suppot you Irech a river wider than the Milk ilttlppt loan ahnott I ttraight line from New York lo Chicago Suppote I It to be navigable lor the biggett nIt n-It III for that dlttance irom May to October and let thlpt Irom Kuwla Germany ngland 1 nun ther parts of the world tall through It and load slits uharvet Ihit would l Iw about what can be done on the angtte and l Klang l beam Ichant if you with to carry out the comparison el however iou mum let ta Jen lli the grand river cituid brrn1rnmrryn II lou mold l sirloin lIon nttr ul hl men ummnmi 110 tg lie ivcr nnd slim I r iv I Ohio for large bonus and barge yin > mu posit it 1 on further IIt1 tos in leaven 1 co ond 1 you are Mill iron htm ilred miles from Iti icurcc It li fi to be three thou and hive hundred nuici long and It has to rue In the mountain of Thlbt sod Inns InbI t i i a I i1 I I mm > urie It tap two f t I ik whrni give I II canal r com mini ai oil smUt tuner province and the m t uf the tea I 01 the world come riot the hand 1 1 smith of It And Is I pped area 5 the ioyattg > > 1 lake near where I now am and lent to Hankow for tale In coming Into the Yangtse iso moul hIt h-It to wide that III it hours after you seethe see-the muddy color of Its water before you can distinguish the banks and for the fifty mile of our journey we putted I IIjon r l r through whit teemed lo be a great Inland In-land tea ranging Irom twenty to fifty mile In width Our first hill were tmassesl II about fifty miles Inland I found III 1 wldlh to be more than a mile and it hold that width nearly all the way from Shanghtl Ichang a distance of about one thomtnd miles It contain many long narrow blind and It 1 now and then branches out into different tlieanu or cutoffs from the main bed of the river whkh at high < water malerlilly shorten the coarse It it as full of modern sImmers at the Mlttltsippl and has In add tlon the thousands of odd boat and junks of the Chlnete I could fill this paper with the mention of the different kinds ol crtlls and rAnd load r-and among the strips there are tniny which would be a turprlM lo American rea len There are Chinese life I boats lor inilance everywhere They are low mInks with OlIn and tail and they watch Ihe river during the norm and I pick up 1 such tampan and fishing heals at they are overturned hey 1 are under control of the district through which they go and form a tort ol a river I police I Now and en they capture a smuggler I or a pirate and here and there outside I of tome of the village I aw boat which had been cut in half and set upon up-on end asked 1 w hat they were and I was told that they had belonged ti pirate and thieve FIne culprit had been caught and beleaded and their boat were thus put up I 55 warning to their brother to beware ol the law Such boats are usually put up at the placei which the crimes were com milted verywhere 1 you meet with nillve and government olhcltl the I diflerenl province pro-vince have their customs orhccn and they levy a heavy tan on all the nallte boat ech official Ktl hit tnueeie and Ihe taxation Is I terrible heavy The customs collected for the general government gov-ernment are In the hand ol foreigner for the emperor Cannot rely upon the t honesty of IY own officials and to an Irishman Sir Robert Hart colleen Inis dutle for him and lilt boats aunt tilt dais are al all of the leading port You see their custom oflicer tcatered all along time bank of the river and at high water they sometime use the huh hull of bamboo which are brought down In the crall Irom the upper V anfctte Til It valley or the V ingue Ming It I n MM garden All along in course theIr the-Ir It as green at Egypt In wlnlerand two or three crop a > ear are every where grown cri tool Ing i over the landscape land-scape you tee no fiiiet or barm The tieople live m village made of thatched huts with walls ol plaited reed which they platter Inside nnd out with mud Sometimes the butt stands alone In the town and at other limes they are joined together In blocks The best ol 1 them are not more thin twenty feet square and the average farm house hat only one alun The earth forms tIme Hoar I sun could I venture build a good one for < 5 The houiet ttand Hush with the tllmy mud lid walk and the lillhler and dirtier tins U I the better it teem to pleate tine people Ich I village liat a clump of tree about and l in looking over the valley you tee hundred of these clump ami l reallte the force of Ihe statement that the whole em tire is i one VOlt lllage Many of the village I am told consist of only one family or clan ana the Chlnete are laid to like butler cure ol their relative and to work together better than any people nl i of Ihe worfd The best of the low nt here are dote to the riser and we hate patted many walled cities with pagodai 1 soil I tempi riling hoe the other ridge thape I tools At tome ol lIne blggrr center tins thlp I slaps to et tako on and diicliarge I cargo and I hive gone through I a Iran ber of clue since I came to China the namet of which I h1 I never heard l Take the city ol Nganklng not Nan king lIre old capital of China you have all read of tint but Ngtnkmf Haw many of you have eter redllteil Hut it ulsled Ucll we have lust left it It It I a city I of about a half million people and d It bigger than SI d louli I It It the capital f the I stale I fianhul i which I hat a population ol more than one third of the whole United Mate I thought It It not ti big at the state ol New V tIII It lies right on the bank ol the anglw about 150 mites boa inking and It hat milii of wall about it hete 1 wall are twenty fite feet high I audio ulde that I you cunilmi 1 drlte n 1 iiLy aroummit I the city on the top of them flanking Is i well buill t and l rich now though It wat nearly ruined during the Tilplng rebel n lrcu dt litT lr t lion liack in the fifties At that time the rebels held it under liege and food 1 became to scarce that human dealt wan used and it It I said was soul 1 In market planes for III weight in sliver file cite hat now a great native trade though II it I not one of the treaty paris and foreign for-eign slem cannot top at il It I hat one of the hnesi pagoda on the Van toe ll It a teten storlcil i toner ot rote pink riling I at u were right from the bunk pi the river to a height I judge I about half that ol the athlngton monument It is I many tide and its top It decorated with a beautiful cap of bronze which Is I built II In ring like those ol tome of the templet In Sum to a point mil lower was being repaired when I Ulled It anl a framework of polo tcsllbMlug extended from Itt base upwaril to a height of more HIM one hundred feet Upon tins hundred of Chlnete masons and l painter were working and away up on the lxth story I could note little fly like celettlalt clinging the wall aid lutchlng up Ihe rataea of Ilia weather I was glad lo tee ll for It hod l me that there It I at least one place In China where the monument of the past are reiprcled and where both the religion s and the templet home not gone to teed l q 2s tM |
