Show Ait Iii 1 L f He Henry Viand Van 1 4 44 4 r w I 1 4 I 1 1 i ir ia a wa a r r K y k Jahn R g All picture picton from Augur ATi nr An An Amer- Amer Amerlean Amer lean Jezebel Je By ELMO SCOTT WATSON HE average school history L Ii 1 es her only a brief para Pnra paragraph graph and the are that not one American In ten could tell you who she was as or when she shelled ed 1 or what vv wis is 8 her importance j It In history Wherefore It ItIs Is all the more remarkable 7 that within recent weeks there ha have e appear appeared d no less lees than three new books all nil dealing with ith the lIfe of Anne Hutchinson Who and what she was Is suggested by the titles of t two 0 of them them- them Unafraid Unafraid- Unafraid a Life of Anne Hutchinson written by by ti W ed d King and published by the Houghton Mifflin company and an An An American The Jezebel Jezebel The life He of Anne which was as written by Helen Augur and published bv by b Bren Brentano tano s 1 Where here she he lh lived 1 ed and and the pride of a New York county In thee the fact that she once dwelt there even though claimed calmed a great greater greater greater er part of her career Is career Is Indicated by bv bythe the fact tint that the Westchester County Historical society In Issuing Volume VII of Its publications chose Otto s account of inne lions eons Refuge In the 11 Wilderness as the leading article for that thit volume to which It gave the title of Anne Hutchinson and Other Papers Who was Anne Let King Rugg In the Intro Intro- Introduction Introduction Introduction to her book boole Unafraid an anwer ewer Iwer that question In these words Anne has been called bv by many names All the way from the the New England Jeze Jezebel bet bel to a a Prototype of Join Joan ot of Arc run the epithets whole heart wholeheartedly wholeheartedly edly applied by hy or friends In bet between een lie such labels abels as that I proud dime dame that it a notorious Imposter Impostor a n danger danger- da ous nger- nger ous Instrument of or the Devell Deell f up by bv than S it a Breeder of Heresies a n persuasive nd advocate o cate cote of ot the rl right ht of or Individual judgment n a she slie Gamine m 1 it adear a adear dear saint servant and of ot God Cod 1 list last Is 16 her bel husband speak Ing Jn Poor man he suffered more moreon moreon moreon on her account than anyone any one else 1 I As for Anne Hutchinson's place In history this same sime biographer also sums It up well In these words Wh tAnne Anne Hutchinson stood for tor foris forIs is 18 another reason reison for examining her history She as as aJ one of or the few feminists ts of her day She founded what was In essence the first womans woman's club In America meetings held In her house houst though primarily for religious In instruction v y ere the forerunners of hundreds of of meet meetings lags ings since her ber dav day wherever where wom worn women women en convene to Improve e themselves or the rest of the world The Th Hutchinson house bouse which stood at what Is now the he northerly corner of ot Washington god ind School streets Boston was the birthplace of the women's clubs of ot America Anne s 8 character be be- becomes be becomes comes tomes more understandable when hen one considers her parentage e Shera She ra was the daughter of Francis Marbury a man minIster later of ot Northampton England who had braved the wrath of his bIshop for the sake of or his belief In the reformation of our church In DI and Ceremonies had been branded L an cart art proud pu Puritan knave e by that dignitary and had twice t been put In jail Her mother was WI a n Dry Dryden Dryden Dryden den a relative e of the poet Dr den who In his later ater years rears though became apostate from the Puritan beliefs of his family Considering the turbulence of ot her bel last few years the first 4 40 years or of Anne Anno Hutchinson s life were ere strangely strange strangely strangely ly quiet ones one Her lIer childhood was spent In Alford and London In a heavy f religious atmosphere phere that ne never neer er lifted In 1012 at the age ago of twenty one she Was married to William Hutchinson a good hearted mercer who from the th thi a a w 1 ne 0 osto beginning was dominated by his strong minded ed wife During the first 22 years ye of their married life Ilfe she bore him 14 children and during those I Scars rs e the energy which later ater was as to toI tobe tobe tobe I be spent mamy mainly In religious contro contra controversy v versy ers erss wis s fully occupied with Ith house bouse household household hold cares and the upbringing of her family But Dut during tint that time she traveled repeatedly repe to the neighboring town of old Poston to hear He Rev John Cotton preach In St St Botolph s church Cotton became me a sort of an Ideal of hers and when hen he was as force forced to leave lea e England because of his non nonconformist nonconformist nonconformist conformist views Ie s and emigrate te to America Anne decided ed to foo follow What William 1 Illiam thought of this uprooting of his home and family It not recorded but he lie load hid probably long since Ince learned c not to oppose his wife s decisions So 0 In 1031 to the thene ne ness Boston In l nay flay colony a raw V little town to of or less than thana thann n a thousand Inh inhabit living In rude one room log cabins and fragile fr fl name Dle houses house on the edge of the nes came the Within thin n a few fe months Anne be beme me the social soch lead le leder leader er and r ad of the settle settlement settlement meat ment She he was as a constant companion comp of John Cotton who ho basket b in her admiration foi him she slie became a close friend of the go governor Sir Henry me one the your younger er and she slie be became became became came a n recognized recognised leader leider in the re discussions which occupied so much of the s attention In fact lct It was these discussions brought about her do downfall The heart of the Puritan religion was i a belief bellet that th t God Gods Cods s Word ord 11 ord wis nas s In Inthe inthe Inthe the Scriptures The cardinal sin against such a religion was as the belief that th God Gods Cods s cou could he be trans transmitted transmitted directly to human beings So when hen there arose In the colon a hc fac lion tion called Antinomian people not living by the letter of the law lass a of or God Cod and belle believing Ing that God Cod Go re revealed revelled hits his laws his laws directly to them when this fac faction tion grew under the leadership of Anne Hutchinson when hen meetings were he held In her lier home to discuss and Grit critIcize the sermons of the Puritan min minIsters and when wIlen they asserted that most of the Boston ministers were ere un under under del der a covenant of works and were trying to be saved b religious ob observances sen ances It was only a n matter of or time timo until Anne should find herself In trouble The clima climax came In and the other Puritan leaders hid h fled fied from England to escape pe religious In intolerance Intolerance tolerance but as M so often happens those who suffer from Intolerance are the first to become Intolerant So they put Anne on trial trIa for heresy a atria atrial atrial trial tria that has been compared to that of Joan of Arc at tt Rouen Under the cross question questioning In and te testimony brought against her she pro proved ed her her- herself herself self more than a match for her prose prose- pros prosecutors prosecutors But Dut just at the moment when hen It seemed that she slie had defeated her accusers sh she burst forth Into a long speech describing God Gods Cods s re revelations to her So 0 she com convicted herself She was as b from the colony and went to Rhode Island Ilind to make her ber home borne Left a n widow In 1012 she set forth forthwith forthwith forthwith with her lier children again in search se of a anew anew new home J First she settled seWed on Lont Lon Lons Island and aud then In what hat Is now Rest est WestChester chester county N Y T Here her tur turbulent turbulent turbulent bulent career caleer came to a tragic end She arrived In the Dutch colony at n a nUmo time when whan the Indiana Indians Infuriated by o John Statue Dutch deception and ind greed gleed were en- en engaged en engaged In periodic attacks on the whites It was as In one of those at- at attacks at attacks tacks tint that Anne Hutchinson with all of her lier children but one and se seera several era ot of other her neighbors sixteen persons In aU all were ere killed lichen Helen Augur In her biography ot of Anne tells a dramatic story of the events of that dreadful day In September 1043 1643 Anne Hutch Inson inson In on stood In her bel doom doorway ay look look- looking ing lag at the fields of corn tawny In Ia Inthe Inthe the morning sunshine She Sho was thinking of what hat one of her neigh neighbors neighbors hors bors ha had sal said the day before before hen lien the corn Is ripe and har liar harvested vested estell the Ind ins ns will bl break bieak ea their truce As she ehe stood there a group of or padded softly up They e exchanged friendly greetings an and then the Indians walked through the house and grounds as ns If looking to see seo If there were any nn strange men about But e everything was as quite as usual usua William Collins Colling and Fran Fran- Francis Francis cis were at work In the Held field and the children were ere at little tasks about the field and garden The In Indians lans nodded fare farewell ell and went ent wenta away aa nv In the afternoon they came back bach only this tills time there were ere more or of them and there a were ere strange faces among them Anne son wondered wiry why they had put on 1 so 80 much demonic paint I Per Per- Perhaps Perhaps haps they were off arc on some strange Indian ceremony for Cor they seemed the he dogs began to bark at the strange apparition and the asked to have them tied up for they were afraid arald the would bite The Tire dogs were ere tied up Uncas UnC men whipped hipped out their ks hs Anne Aune Hutchinson saw four Cour demons rush at her sons Bread of ad adversity erIt water of of af she fiction hid had lived I out that promise but God ne never er warned anted her of this tills hot hOI William y Illiam Col CollIn Colllns lIn Iles an and Francis were ere struck down their skulls crushed and bleeding Anne Collins fell feU beside her bus hus husband band Mrs Hutchinson caught Susanna to her hei breast to shut out the sight from the screaming child Katherine was halt half over oer n a fence feuce but a Mohegan caught her herby herby herby by the hair and dragged her lier back to a stump Anne Hutchinson beard the sickening blow bow s she saw Mary and little William 1 rush sob sobbing sobbing sobbing bing to her as If It she could save s them Ihen hen t two 0 Indians were ere upon her and the child was us torn from her breast A tomahawk tomah k tell fell Anne Hutchinson was US dead I And for a final epitaph of her American Jezebel Helen Augur I HItes w rites Boston has finally made up Its quarrel with the woman oman It ca cast t tout out as unsavoury oury salt Her lIer mon monument stands before the l statehouse st with a ter fer terent fervent vent ent Inscription to this Cour ous Counge-ous ige- ige ous Exponent of Civil LIbert Liberty and Religious toleration There she stands with a Bible BIblo In her hared nd and a child snuggled led against her NeW England s heroine For chit liberty and religious toleration the principles for tor which she slie suf suffered suffered e exile lIe and antI death deith are written littell Into the Constitution of ot the States |