Show To South Pole r Plane P e I AFRiC ATIA TIC V Vt t OC aS cs Ire o t mN A CS a aale ale D 1 I sOG Fra Graham d c 1 bored Region 1 PACT C 1 S Pula 1 K OCE I I Ii i f ash a ae e r Scotti o oI I IQ F I I Ii REGION WHERE i fro i WILL HIS BASE BASE- 19 a a t d cur curland rank land AUST AA fort 40 e 11 J JT l uY D By ELMO SCOTT WATSON OMM t m DIP P Richard E Byrd Q C has announced that he wilt will c try to add to his as asan asan a ann an nn explorer gained by be- be beIng beIng be beIne Ing Ine the first to fly to the 1 11 North orth pole and among the i first to mike make a nonstop flight night across acro's the Atlantic Y v Y V r rby by lying flying over the South pole within the next two years t ot the least of ot the interest t In thIs tills latest project of the gallant Is Its significance as ns a connecting link be- be between between be between tween Antarctic and Arctic k lion The first man OJan to reach the South pole was Amundsen the zor o eglan explorer who achieved the goal In 1 1011 11 I 1 ast year Mr fr Amund Amundsen sen was vis lS In the party which flew a dirigible to the t orth pole soon after Commander Byrd Bird B rd had made I Its s epic dash there bv by airplane Isow ow Corn Com mander Lyrd L rd Is 19 going Into the regIons where Amun Amundsen sen won on his sort fame fame ot of rep replying repining Ing the vl visit as It stere ere cre But Dut Commander Byrd Byrds s project Is Isto isto Isto to be more than just a dash to the South r role ole so that he can say that he has Hown n to the tae uttermost t ends ot of the earth arth both orth and South It Is to be a scientific expedition which Is e expected to open an un unknown known n continent twice the size ot of the United States to the knowledge ot of mankind The tn two 0 explorers Amundsen and Scott who did reach U tI e a Pole found only a lifeless plan plain I there Several eo eral other explorers have skirted along alone the edge of ot the great Ice Holds fields h o which surround the Ant AntI Antarctic arctic continent and one or two ot of I them have penetrated It for some gome dh I tance only to lose their ships or to tobe tobe be frozen In for an Antarctic wInter So that today this great plateau which has an altitude of feet Is t the modern unknown continent and I by It from coast to coast In two directions by visiting Its center and nd Ite It four tour corners Commander Dyr Byrd J hopes to discover some of ot Its secrets secret Especially does he lope to reveal I the fact tact that U Here ere Is h on this con continent forms of ot animal and plant life lito hitherto unknown to man and It Ithe ithe he Is successful Cul It Is likely that the penguin so well kno known knon n to all 01 ox ex explorer I In this regIon reelon will no longer be the symbol of ot the Antarctic just justas justas justas as the polar bear beir Is the symbol of or the Arctic I fed ted certain that some some- somewhere somewhere some where In that area there thue are wile wl le stretches of or lowland where here extreme The Antarctic Record from Year Explorer Pol Cook 1773 British un 1821 Rus nus slon elan 1408 Morrell 1823 American 1383 Weddell 1823 British 1102 1831 British 1466 Knox 1839 American 1400 D 1840 French 1646 noell 1842 British 1874 1653 1898 Belgian 1828 1900 lh Ish Scott 1902 h 1903 ld Swed SwedIsh SwedIsh Ish un 1677 1903 German 1624 Bruce Druco 1118 1905 Cheroot French 1655 1555 Shackleton 1909 Amundsen 1911 Norwegian glen gian Pole Scott 1912 British Polo Pole Shackelton 1916 Byrd American T 7 7 low temperatures do not exist and be be- be- be believe believe believe lieve that If It we are successful In find findIng lag Ing such an area we will find a corn com completely new form torm of ot anImal l life te said Commander Byrd recently So till far the discovery of ot animal life lite In the Antarctic has been confined to bIrds fish sells seals and a few tew species of ot micro micro- microscopic microscopic microscopic organisms Inland where the great plateaus stretch out to the pole there Is nothing The temperature which even In summer gets down to toSO 30 or 40 degrees decrees below zero and which sinks tar far f r below that In winter Is too extreme for animal life of or any sort Because of ot the extreme tempera temperatures temperatures tures which Commander Byrd men tons as well as aa several other factors characteristic of ot that region Ant Antarctic Antarctic Antarctic arctic exploration Is even more per lions than Arctic Among these other factors are the blizzards blizzard of ot high velocity which s sweep seep down from the plateau and these winds laden with snow now and fine particles of ot Ice often orten reach a speed of ot 70 miles an n hour It was In one of ot these blizzards that the gallant ant Capt Copt Robert F P Scott lot loot Io t his life In that tragic retreat from the South pole pol In 1912 1 12 when he be h perished only eleven miles from his base and safety The Antarctic has special perils for tor the alator explorer because I the wind conditions there are further complicated by numerous mountaIn ranges and lofty peaks some of or thorn ae high as 15 feet feet and two ot of them active volcanoes In view slew of ot the perilous nature ot of this expedition Commander Byrd Is taking unusual prec and mak makIng makIng Ing the most careful preparations be- be before be before fore setting sitting out It was first an announced announced that he would start this fall but a n later announcement Indicates Indie that the size sire of the expedition and the many things that must mast be tx ACCOmplished accomplished pushed hue have hav made this ImpossIble Commander Byrd has decided that no noless noless noless less than a year of ot forethought ht and anI attention to minute detail will wilt be necessary necessary necessary essary to reduce th the hazards of ot the trIp The general central plan Is 11 I to sail first to t tr r ew Zealand and from there to t strike strikeout out for tor the Ur Ice Ic pack on the border of Ross Boss sea After Arter penetrating thus Ice lc barrier he b wUl will set up tip his permanent b base e near Discovery harbor where h he will build hi his houses house hou 8 assemble his bl plane and nod make a number of ot test flights Two planes will be b taken one large three motor ship capable ot of lifting 14 pounds and nod the other a small single-motor single plane Commander Byrd will load the smaller plane plan wIth six months supplies of ot food tood and spare cans of ot oil and gasoline and uy fly miles toward the South pole If It he finds conditions favorable he will land set up a base c take tahe observations and return to the home bome base for tor a sec sec- second second sec second ond load Then by a series of ot short flights he will set down a line of ot emer emergency emergency gency bases to within or 00 miles mUes ot of the pole From the last of ot these he will make mak the long flight to hs his bl goal land If It possible and aad then return It the trip to the tb pole Is successful and winter has ha not closed dosed In Byrd will wll also make flights to the tb southeast and southwest somewhere at the foot ot of the great eat plateau lie lle will also skirt the tho coastline flying over thousands and thousands of ot square squar miles never before seen by man It If all of or his plans are successful for tor the first time In history the great Antarctic continent will wll at last be b charted and mapped Although the tho th exploring will Ul be done dono mainly by the t two 0 planes It Is Inter Inter- interesting Interesting esting to note that equipment sm lIar to that of ot previous explorers explorer also be b taken along alon On his hi polar flight Commander Byrd will carry a sled pemmican to last many months sleeping bags oil burners burners kill and snowshoes so 80 o that It if he h Is 13 forced to toland toland toland land and abandon the tb plane plan he will willbe be able abl to trek back over the plateau to the home base bue It Is la for tor this thle rea re-a reason reason reason son also that the food tood supplies will willbe be planted alon along the route rout to the th pole pel And these are ar only a few tew of ot the th In- In Innumerable In numerable rable details which must most b be bethought thought of ot before the th expedition sets let out In this polar lX expedition i c lUon perhaps the most Important of or modem modern times Umes the marl margin ln between success and tall fall ure will b be sery cry small I t willbe will willbe willbe be left to chance and It adequate preparation for tor every possible con contingency counts for tor anything the ex should be successful find and Commander Byrd B rd the first tn to reach the t orth I orth pole by air will wilt also al o be bett betI tt tI tIl i l first to carry carrl the Stars and Stripes Stripe to the oth other end of the earth |