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Show THE fNCLlSH FOLICE SYS-I SYS-I TEM. i It is not long ai that the con- sUbuiary ol eacu local tutlivi;ion in i Enciand was entirely iud-ipedeut. Ihis was n true that a consUbie o.)uld ii'. f , urue a criminal beyond the liio l . oia own parish. Ol late yeart, . M-ver, toe old organ z-iioii naa been entirely trauaformtd. Under Un-der the sway of loose centralizing ideas which have gained such momentum mo-mentum in the United Kingdom, the management of tbe police not only in the metropolis but throughout tbe country, has to a large extent been grasped by the slat. To the former constabulary of county and borough has succeeded a unilormly organised body of national police, wl:o nominally nomi-nally remain under the orders of local authorities, but over whom the home secretary exerts substantial powers of supervision and control. The English police force is at pres ent distributed in six clashes, namely, 1 tbe officers of boroughs or incorporated incorpor-ated towns, those of the counties, of the metropolitan district, of the City of London proper, i f parishes, and the bo - calitd special constables. In all cities and boroughs, except London, there must, be at least one constable for 800 in-uabitanLs; in-uabitanLs; in the counties, one fir 1,3-1 S inhabitants, not including the population of towns. In the metropolitan metro-politan district, after deducting a force of CM constables sptonlly charged with the care of the doekB, there is still one policeman to 420 inhabitants. in-habitants. Within the city of London there is an olhcer for 349 inhabitants by day; but at night, vneu the bulk of the business population is absent, the ratio ia 1 to 106. The total expenditure for the maintenance main-tenance of the police throughout Eug-land, Eug-land, exclusive only of tbe sums required re-quired for the parish constables, is 11,275,000. Ol this aggiegale the service of all the boroughs excts only $2,700,000; the county constabulary less than $4,000,000; the metropolitan police $4,400,000, and that of the city proper only $325,000. These amounts cover all disbursements, lor salaries of chiefs and p.ty of men, pensions and station huuse expenses. The police force of a town or borough is made up on the ono hand of a chief constable, of eprceauta and patrolmen appointed by the municipal council, and of inspectors named by the home secretary. Throe fourths of the outlay falls upon the borough, lhe remaining quarter being assumed by the atate. The constabulary of a given county, or rather of each parliamentary di; trict in a given shire (some counties ef course being entitled to more members than are others) constats of a head constable elected by tho justices jus-tices of the peace at quarter acs&iona, and of subordinates selected by him, Lhe inspectors, however, in this case also being delegated by the central government. Sometimes the county police and that of tbe several towns within tbe shire are amalgamated, and in auch instances the supreme command belongs to the chief constable con-stable of tbe county," who may discharge dis-charge any sergeant or patrolman of a town force. He cannot replace them, . however, the appointing power being retained by the municipal authorities, ' The metropolitan police constitutes at present an exception, although in reality it exhibits the type toward which the whole system is tending. Within the district every member of the force, from the principal commissioner commis-sioner to the employees of the lowest grade, are appointed direc-ly by the borne secretary. Tbe pay of constables diflera greatly in diflerent boroughs and countiea, but it ia nowhere so high as in the capital city. It may be worth while to cite some figures relating to the metropolitan district, which will ap. pear singularly low to those acquainted with the salaries of policemen ia New York. The whole London force, exclusive of the city proper, presents 4 district chiefs, 25 superintendents, 277 inspectors, 1,050 sergeants, and S.S75 policemen. Tho weekly stipends sti-pends assigned to these employees aro bb follows: To policemen of the third or lowest class, $G per week; to ! those of the next or second class, from $0.75 to $7.12; while thoae of the j flnt or highest grade receive from $7.50 to about $8, Sergeants who are ol four gradeB get from $8 to $8.75. Tbe pay of inspectors, who are nlao divided into four classea, ranges from $14 to $17 a week, the chief inspeotor obtaining $18.25. The superintend ants are paid in their first year a little j lcsa than $30 weekly, but their aal-i aal-i ariea are gradually incrsaied until , alter eleven years of service they 1 reach nearly $10. The four district : chiefs get trom $3,000 to $4,000 a year, while the salary of the associate commissioners ia $4,750. and that ol the chief commissioner $9,000. These figures, of course, suggest comparison with the cost of police protection in this city. We will add that the so called dangerous classoa arc relatively more numerous in London, ond that the purchasing pewer of money ia at present very little greater than in New York. N. Y. Exchange. |