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Show PRESlDBSrS MESSAGE. Washington, Doc. 2, 1S72. To the Senate and the Souse of Reprs-saitativcs: Reprs-saitativcs: In trans mitring to you my fourth auiiual mcssnse it is with thaukfulnoas to tho Giver of all ftood that an a nation na-tion wc have been blessed for tho last ycur with poaco at home and abroad, and a general prosperity youebsafed to but few people. With tho exception excep-tion of the recent devastating tire, which swept from earth with a breath, as it were, millions of accumulated wealth in tho city of Boaton, there have been no Overshadowing calamities calami-ties within tho year to record. It is gratifying to noto how, like their fellow citizons ol the city of Chicago under similar circumstances a year earlier, the oitizeus of Boston am rallying nndor their misfortunes; and the prospect is that ihcir energy and perseveranoe will overcome all obstaoles and show the same prosperity soon that they would have shown had no disaster befallen be-fallen them. Otherwise we have been free from pestilence, war, and the calamities which often ovortako nations, na-tions, and, as far as human judgment can penetrato the futuro, no causa-seems causa-seems to esist to threaten our present peace. i Relations with Great Brit Ian. When congress adjourned in June last a question had been raised by Great Britain, and was then pecdine, which for a time seriously imperilled the settlement by friendly arbitration of the differences existing between this government and that of her Britannic Britan-nic majesty. The treaty of Washington Washing-ton had been referred to the tribunal of arbitration which had met at Genera in Switzerland. The arbitrators, however, how-ever, disposed of tho question which had jeopardized the whole of the treaty and threatened to involve tho two nations in unhappy relations towards each other, in a manner aalirely satisfactory satis-factory to this government, and in accordance with tho views and tho policy which it had manlained. The tribunal, which had convened io Geneva in December seed uded its laborious session ses-sion on tho 14th day of September last, onwhich day having availed itecif of the discretionary power given to it by the treaty, to awani a sum in gross, it made its decision whereby it awarded the sum of $15,500,000,- gold, as the indemnity to be paid by Great Britain to tho United States for satisfaction of all claims referred to its con:-ideraii,on This, decision, happily, disposes of a long-standing difference between the two governments; and, in connection with another award made by the German Ger-man emperor, under a reference to him by the same treaty, leaves the two governments gov-ernments without a shadow upon the friendly relations which it is my sincere h-ipo may forever remain equally unclouded. un-clouded. iDt; rc'itort of the agcut of theiUoi-tod theiUoi-tod States, appointed to attend the Geneva tribunal, accompanied by the protocols of proceedings of the arbitrators, arbi-trators, arguments of counsel of both governments, award of the tribunals, and the opinions given by several arbitrators, arbi-trators, is transmitted herewith. I have caused to be communicated to fro. heads of the three friendly powers pow-ers who complied with the joint request made to them under the treaty, the thanks of this government for the appointment ap-pointment of arbitrators made by them respecting it, and also my thanks to theeminent personages named by them, and my appreciation of the dignity, patience, impartiality and great ability with which they discharged their arduous ardu-ous and high functions. Her Majesty's Majes-ty's government has communicated to me its appreciation, by Her Majesty, of the ability and indefatigable industry indus-try displayed by Mr- Adams, tho arbitrator arbi-trator named on the part of this gov-y gov-y crnment, during the protracted inquiries inqui-ries and discussions of tho tribunal, I cordially unite with fler Majesty in this appreciation. It is due to the agent of tho United States before the tribunal to record my appreciation of the marked ability, unwearied patience, and the prudence and discretion with which he has conducted the very re-. re-. sponsible and delicate dutios committed to him, as it is also due to the learned and eminent counsel, who attended the tribunal on tho part of this government, govern-ment, to express my sense of the talents tal-ents and wisdom which they brought to bear on the argument of the result so happily reached. The (iitv Award Distribution. It will be tho province of congress to provide for the distribution, among thoce who may be entitled to it, of their respective shares of the money to be paid. Although it is not payable pay-able uutil a year from the date of the award, it U deemed advisable that no time be lost io making a proper examination exam-ination of the several cases in which indemnification may be duo. I consequently conse-quently recommend the creation of a board of commissioners for the purpose. pur-pose. The Sau Jiinn Iloumlaiy Question, By the thirty fourth article of the treaty ol' Washington the respective claims of the Tnitcd States and of Great Britain, in their construction of the : treaty of the 1 5th of June, 181t), detiniog the boundary lino between their respective territories, were submitted sub-mitted tu the arbitration and award of hi-j maj.ty, the emperor of Germany, tu decide which of the claims is moat in accordance with a true interpretation interpreta-tion tl Tiio treaty of IMo. His ni.ijo.-iy, the ciuptTor of Germany, having tern plea.-cd to undertake the arbitration, has i hy earnest thanks of this govrnjiueiit and ihe people of the I nilcd &taits J..r tho labor, pains and caie, which he ha.s devoted to the con-sidciatMQ con-sidciatMQ t.j dm luDg-pending difference. differ-ence. 1 huve C2U;cd an expression of my tin:;!;., tu ha transmitted to his in:ii-ty. Mr. Bancroft, representative ol this iruvernment at Berlin, conducted thecuio and prepared tho statemcut oa the part ui the United Stales with the abduy ilut Ins paat service justi-jicitnt! justi-jicitnt! public hi expecting at his h.'.Lds As a member of the eibinct at the date ut the treaty which has f'ven i::c tu ihu diuMicD betwciMi u:e Kuvvroments; as the minister min-ister ty (jri.it Britain when the construction con-struction i,mw pronuutK-yd unluunded wa.s ui.-t advanced ; an.j as the agcut atJ ii prfsuitjtivc of the government tj pfL-dit the tato and receive the Award, ho has been associated with the TJu-ii.jN ,ti all it.-, phases, and in every , i-i-V'-' h.is ujunitUud patriotic zeal and cmc1;i. ; in lb,! maintenance of the eln:n ul the I'uitud Slate, and is tu-ll;::' tu-ll;::' lj ,uu tor the buccciw ..ni;li I as a'tctded its Mibmiiun. A.'m- a j-vi.-nt iuvL-tiiatiuu of tho . - l-:.- -. ti.d tho atatemtnt of each r.ar-In r.ar-In .Vij,--ty, emperor of Gcr-U'.iy Gcr-U'.iy uu tm L'Nt dayofUctober, last, -i-n J I;:, award in writing, decreeing 'it tl.o c ami of tho government ul' Jbel.iut.d Males that tho boundary oo-uu-u tho H-nituri-soi Her Bri-t":'"n Bri-t":'"n '"'K,,y 4Iid ,il0 United States '"i""1'1,1' dian through tho llaro chi.n..l, was most iq accordance with tho truo interpretation of the treaty ooncluded on tho 5th o June. 1S4S, between the agents of Her Britannic Majesty and of the Uoited State?. Copies of the case presented on bohnlf of each government and of tho statement state-ment in reply to each, and a translation of the award, are tranemittcd herewith. here-with. This award oontirms the United States in their claim to the important archipelago of islands lying between tho continent and Vancouver's island, which for twenty-six years, over since tho ratification of tho treaty, Great Britain has contested, and leaves the United States for tho first time in tho history of tho United States as a nation, na-tion, williout a'questioa of disputed boundary between our territory and tho possessions of Great Britain on t bid continent- It is my gratoful duty to acknowl- ; edge the prompt, spontaneous action of Her Majesty's government, in giving effect to tho award. In anticipation of any request from this government, and before the reception of the award signed by the emperor, Her Majesty had givcu instructions for the removal of her troops whioh had been stationed there, and for the cessation of all exer cise or claim of jurisdiction, so as to leave the Unitod States in conclusive possession of the lately disputed territory. terri-tory. I am grateful to bo able to announce an-nounce that the orders for the removal of the troops havo been executed, and the military joint occupation of San Juan has ceased. The islands are now in tho exclusive possession of tho United Uni-ted States. Defining tlie Boundary. It now becomes necessary to complete com-plete the survey and determination of that portion of the boundary lino through the Haro channel, upon which the commission whioh determined tho remaining part of the line were unable to agree. I recommend tho appointment appoint-ment of a commission to act jointly with ooo which may be named by her majesty, for that purpose. The experience ex-perience of the difficulties attending the determination of our admitted line of boundary, after occupation of tho territory and its settlements by those owning allegiance to the respective governments, points to the importance of establishing, by natural ;objcots or other measurements, the actual line between the' territory acquired by purohaso from llussia and the adjoining adjoin-ing possessions of her Britannio majesty ma-jesty The region is now so sparsely occupied that no conflicting interests of individuals or of jurisdiction are likely to interfere to the delay or em-barrasment em-barrasment of the actual location of the line. If deferred until population shall enter and occupy the territory, some trivial contest of neighbors Lmay again array the' two governments in antagonism. I, therefore, recommend the appointment of a commission, to act jointly with one that may be appointed ap-pointed en the part of Great Britain, to determine the lino between our territory of Alaska and the cotorminus possessions' of Great Britain. Tlie Canadian Fisheries. In my last annual message I recommended recom-mended legislation necessary on the part of tho United States to bring into j operation, the articles of the treaty of Washincton of Hay, 1871, relating to the fisheries, and to other matters touching the relations of the United States towards the British .North American possessions, to become operative ope-rative so soon as the proper legislation should be had on tho part of Great Britain and its possessions. That legislfltioQ on tho part of Great Britain and its possessions had not then been had, and during the session of coo-greys coo-greys a question was raised, which, for a time, raised a doubt whether any action by congress in the direction indicated, in-dicated, would becomo important, a question which has since been disposed of; and I have received notice that the imperial parliament aod the legislature of the provincial government have passed laws to earry the provisions of the treaty on the matters referred to into operation. I, therefore, recommend recom-mend your early adoption of legislation legisla-tion in tho same direction, to carry oot this object on the part of this government. govern-ment. Northern Boundary. The joint commission for determining determin-ing the boundary line between the United States and the British possessions, posses-sions, between the " Lake of the Woods" and tho Bocky Mountains, has organized aod entered upon its work. It is desirable that the force be increased in order that the" completion comple-tion of the survey and determination of the boundary line may be sooner attended to, and to this end I recommend recom-mend that a sufficient appropriation be made. European Relations. With France, our earliest friend, Russia, the constant and steady friend of the United States, Germany, with whose government and people wc have so many cases of friendship, and so many common sympathies, and the other powers of Europe, our relations are maintained oo the most friendly terms. Since my last annual message an exchange has been made of the ratifications ratifi-cations of a treaty with the Austro-Hungaxy Austro-Hungaxy empire, relating to naturalisation; naturali-sation; also of a treaty with the German Ger-man empire, respecting consuls and trade works; also of a treaty with Sweden Swe-den and Norway, relating to naturalization; naturali-zation; all of which treaties have been duly proclaimed. International Mtatlallcal Congreii, Congress, at its last session, having made an appropriation to defray the expenses of tho commissioners on tho part of the United States to the international inter-national statistical congress at St. Petersburg, the persons appointed in that oharactcr proceeded to their destination, desti-nation, and attended tho session of the congress. Tho report shall, in due season, be laid before you. This congress con-gress meets at intervals of about three years, and has held its eossions in several sev-eral of the countries of Europe. 1 sQbmit to your consideration the propriety pro-priety of extending an invitation to the congress to hold its next meeting in the United States. The centennial celebration cele-bration to ho held in 1876 would afford an appropriate ocoasion lor such a meeting. Tlic Vienna Exposition. l'reparatioos aro making for tho International In-ternational Exposition to bo held during dur-ing next year in Vienna, and on a scale of very xrcat magnitude. Tho tendency ol' these expositions is in the direction of advanced civilization and tho elevation of the industry of labor, and the increase of human happiness, as well as of the greater intercourse and good will betweco nations. This cxpoi(ion is to bo tho first which will have bcon held in Eastern Europe, It is believed that American iuventors and manufacturers will bo ready to avail themselves of tho opportunity lor the presentation of their productions, produc-tions, if encouraged by proper aid and protection. At the last scsmuo of congress, authority was given lor tho appointment of one or more agents to represent this government, at the exposition. expo-sition. The authority thus given has been exercised, but in tho abaenco of any appropriation thcro is danger that tho important benefits which the oxpe-sition oxpe-sition offers will, in largo degrco, be lost to the citizens of tho United States. I commend tho subject strongly to your consideration, and recommend that an adequate appropriation be made tor the purposo, to further aid American exhibitors at tho Vioona exposition. ex-position. I would recommend, in addition to ao appropriation of money, that the secretary of tho navy bo authorized au-thorized to fit up two naval vessels to transport between our Atlantia citioB aud Xrietc, or tho most convenient rwirt tor Vienna, thoir articles for exhibition. ex-hibition. Sinco your last sew-ion tho president of tho Mexican republic, distinguished by his high character and by his Borvices to his country, has died. Hid temporary tempo-rary bucewsdor has now been elected with great unanimity by tho poopic, a proof of ootiliienco on their part in bis patriotism, whioh it is believed will bo oootirmed by the results oi his administration. admini-stration. It ia particularly desirable that nothing tdiould bo left undone by tho government of either republics to strengthen their relations as neighbors and friends. It is-tnuch to be regretted that many lawless acts continuo to disturb tho quiet of tho settlements on the border between our territory and that of Mtixico, and that complaints of wrong to American citizens, io various parts of tlio country, aro made. The revolutionary condition ia which our uciichborins republic has so long been involved, has in some degreo coottibuted to this disturbance. It is to- bo hoped that with a more settled rule of order , through the republic, which may be , expected from the present government, tho acts of which just complaint is made will cease. The proceedings of the commission, under the convention with Mexico of 4th July, lStS, oo the subject of claims, have unfortunately been checked by an obstacle for the .removal of which measures havo been taken by tho two governments, which, it ia believed, will prove successful. Tlie Texan BoriU-r Oulrncea. The commissioners appointed, pursuant pur-suant to the joint resolutions of congress con-gress of the 7th of May last, to inquire into tho depredations on tho Texas frontier, havo diligently made investigations investi-gations in that subject. Their report upon tho subject wiil be communicated to you. Their researches wcro necessarily neces-sarily incomplete, partly on account of tho limited appropriation made -by congress. con-gress. Mexico, on the part of that government, has appointed a similar commission to investigate these- outrages. out-rages. It is not announced officially, but the press of that country states that tho fullest investigation is desired, i and that the co-operation of all parties ooncerned is invited to secure that end. i I therefore recommend that a special ; appropriation bo made at tho earliest day practicable, to ooabJe tho commissioners commis-sioners on the part of the United to return to their labors without delay. Cuba. It is with regret that I havo again to announce the continuance of the disturbed dis-turbed condition of the island of Cuba, jSo advance toward the pacification of the discontented portion, of the population popu-lation has been made, while the insurrection insur-rection has gained no advantages and exhibits no more of tho elements of power, or of a prospect of ultimate success than were exhibited a year ago. Spain, on the other hand, has not succeeded suc-ceeded in its repression, and the parties stand apparently in the samo relative attitude which they have occupied for a long tinio past. This contest has lasted now for more thaa four years. Were it seen at a distance from our neighborhood we might be indifferont to its result, although humanity could not be unmoved by many of its incidents, inci-dents, wherever they might occur. It is, however at our door, 1 cannot doubt that the continued maintenance ot slavery slave-ry inCubais among the strongest inducements induce-ments to the continuance of this strife. A terrible wrong is the natural cause a terrible evil. The abolition of slavery and the introduction of othor reforms in the administration of tho government govern-ment in Cuba, would possibly advance the restoration of peace and order. It is especially to be hoped that the present pre-sent liberal government of Spain will voluntarily adopt this view. The law of emancipation which was passed more tjiau two years sicoe, has remaioed unexecuted. In the absence of regulations regu-lations for its enforcement it was out a feeble step towards emancipation; but it was a recognition of right, and was hailed as such, and exhibited Spain in harmony with the sentiments of humanity and of justice, and in sympathy with the other powers of the Christian and civilized world. Within the past few weeks regulations for carrying car-rying out the laws of emancipation have been announced, giving evidence of the sincerity of intention of the present government to carry into e Scot ; the law of 1S70, I havo not failed to urge tho consideration and wisdom of a policy and the justico of a more effective effec-tive system for the abolition of the great evil which oppresses a race, and ojntinuee a bloody and destructive conflict close to our border, as well as tho expediency and justice of conceding reforms of which the propriety is not questioned. Deeply impi eased with the conviction that the continuance of slavery is one ox tuc most active causes of the continuance of the unhappy condition io Cuba, I regret that citizens of the United States, or those claiming to be such, are large holders in Cuba of what is there deemed as property, but which is forbidden and denounced 1 by the laws of tho United States.They arc thus, in defianco of the spirit of oar own laws, contributing to the continuance con-tinuance of this distressing and sickening sicken-ing contest. In my last annual message mes-sage I referred to this subject, and I recommend such legislation as may be proper to denoucc, and if not to prevent, pre-vent, to discourage American citizens from holding or dealing in slaves. Central and South Anierkn. It is gratifyiog to announco that tho ratification of tho convention concluded, con-cluded, under tho auspices of this government, between Spain on the one part and the allied republics of the Pacific on the other, providing for an aimistico, have been exchanged. A copy of tho instrument is herewith submitted. It is hoped that this may bo followed by a permanent peace between the samo parties. The differences which at one time threatened the maintenance of peace between Brazil and tho Argentine republic, it is hoped, are in a way to be satisfactorily adjusted. With these States, as with tho republics of Central and South America, we continuo to maintain most friendly relations. It is with regret, however, that I announce that the government of Venezuela has mado no further payment of account of tho awards under convention of the 25th of April, 1SGG. That republic is understood to be now almost if not quite tranquilizcd. It is hoped, therefore, that it will loso no time in providing for the unpaid balance of its debt to tho United States, which having oricinated in injuries to its citizens by Venezuelan authorities, and haviog been acknowledged acknow-ledged pursuant to a treaty io tho most solemn form known among nations, would sccto to descrvo a profcrenco over debts of a different origin, and contracted in a different manner. This subject is again recommended recom-mended to tho attention of congress for such action as may be deemed proper. Jnpan. Our treaty relations with Japan remain unchanged. An imposing embassy em-bassy from that interesting and progressive pro-gressive nation visited this country ; during tho year that is passing, but being unprovided with powers for tho signing of a convention in this country, coun-try, no conclusion in that direction was reached. It is hoped, however, that the interchange of opinion which took place during their suy in this country, coun-try, has led to a mutual appreciation of the interests which may bo accepted wbon tho revision of the existing treaty shall bo undertaken. In this connection 1 renew my recommendation recommenda-tion of a year ago, that to givo importance import-ance and add to tho efficiency of our diplomatic relations with Japan and China, and to further aid in maintaining maintain-ing tho good opinion of these people, and to seouro to us its plmrc of the commerce destined to flew between thoso nations and tho balance of tho commercial world, au appropriation bo mado to support at least lour American Ameri-can youths in each of thoso countries, to servo as part of tho official family of our ministers. Our representatives would not oven then bo placed upon an equality with the representatives of Great Britain and somo other powers, as now bituated. Our representatives repre-sentatives in Japan and China have to depend for interpretation and translators trans-lators upon natives of those countries, who know our lamjiute imperfectly; or procure fur the oceaion (he services of employes in foreign busings houses, or tho interpreters to other foreign miniHtcrs. I renew the rcc iumondation made on a previom oue.i-.ioii, lor the (raiisfbr to the department of the interior, to whic'i they seem more appropriately to beloutf, of ail the powers mid duties in relation to the territory with which the department ufsmte is now charged by law or by custom. Belief of American Citizens Aliroail. Congress, from tho beginning of the government, has wisely made provision for tho relief of distressed seamen in foreign countries. No similar provision, however, has hitherto been made for tho relief of oitizens, in distress abroad, other than seamen. It is understood to bo customary with other governments govern-ments to authorizo consuls to extend relief to their citizens or subjects in certain cases. A similar authority and an appropriation to carry it into effoot are recommended, in tho case of citizens citi-zens of the United States, destitute, or sick, under such circumstances. It is well knowu that such citizens resort to foreign countries in great numbers. Though most of them are able to bear tho expenses incident to their location, thoro are some who through accident becomo penuilcss, and havo no friends at home ub!c to succor them. Persons iu this situation must either perish, cast themselves upon the charity of , foreigners, or be relieved at the privato charge of our own officers, who usu ally, even with tho most benevolent dispositions, have nothing to spare for such purposes. Should the authority and 1 appropriation asked lor bo granted, caro will be taken to carry the benefi- 1 cence of congress into effect, and that it shall not be unnecessarily or unworthily unwor-thily bestowed. KeetlpU ami Expenditures. The money received and earned into the treasury, during tho year ending June 3S,lS72,was from customs $216,-;i70,2S6,77 $216,-;i70,2S6,77 ; from sale of public lands $257, 571,419 ; from internal revenue $130,602,177.72 ; from tax on national bank circulation, cto. Sb. 523, 390,-39; 390,-39; from Pacifio companies $769,-861. $769,-861. S7, from customs, fines, etc., $1,136,442.34, from fees, and patents pa-tents for land,$2,2S4,095.92 from miscellaneous mis-cellaneous sourccB $4,412,254.71, total ordinary receipts $3(ii,6lJ4. 229.91 .from premiums on sales of coin$9,42,637.65 total net receipts 374,016,737.56. Balance Bal-ance in trcasuryJuneSO, 1S71.$100,935-705.59, 1S71.$100,935-705.59, including $18,228.35 received from unavailable. Total available cash $48,404,2573.15. The net expenditures by warrants during tho samo period were, for civil expenses $16,189,079.70, for foroitrn interests $18,409,369 14, for military establishment, including fortifications, river and harbor har-bor improvements, and arsenals, $315,-372,157.20, $315,-372,157.20, for naval establishments, including vessels and machinery and improvements at navy yards, $21,249,-S09. $21,249,-S09. 99, for miscellaneous, including includ-ing publio buildings, light houses, and collecting.tho revenue, $42,35,8, 329.0S, interest on the publio debt $117, 357,-S39.72, 357,-S39.72, total, exclusive of principal and premium on public debt,$270, 559,-69,591, 559,-69,591, for premium on bonds puronasea ,vob, "b. l0- ror roacnip-tion roacnip-tion of publio debt $9,996,025.34, total $106,918, 520.30, total net disbursements disburse-ments $77,478,216.21, balance in treasuryJnne 30, 1872, $1S, 564,356. 94, total $484,042,573.15. Reduction of Public Debt. From the foregoing statement it appears ap-pears that tho net reduction of the priocipal of the debt during the fhoal year ending June 30,lS72,was$99,960-253 30,lS72,was$99,960-253 54. The sourco of reduction is as follows ' Net ordinary receipts during the year $364,694,229.91, net ordinary expenditures, including the interest on the publio debt, $270,559,695 Ml, total $94, 134,534.00, add. amount of receipts from premium on sales of gold in excess of premium paid on bonds purchased $2,454,470.89, add amount of reduction reduc-tion of tho cash balance at tho close of the yenr accompanied with sale at the commencement of the year $337,348,-65, $337,348,-65, total $99,960,253.54. This statement state-ment treats solely of the principal of the public debt by the monthly state-! state-! meet of public debt which adds together the principal and interest due and unpaid nnd interest u-jcrucd to date due and deduc ts cash in treasury. treas-ury. As according to statement on ihe day of publication, tho rcducttcn was $100,544,491.25. The source of this reduction is as follows : Iteduction in principal account $99,S60,003 54 ; reduction re-duction in ' unpaid interest account $330,957,56; total $103,290,56 50; reduction io cash on band $2,8-16,-466 22; total $100,544,41 28. On tho basis of the last month the state-1 ments show a reduction of 'the public debt, from the 1st of March, 1869, to the present time, as follows; from March 1st, 1 S69, to March 1st, 1870, $87,134,782 S4-; from March 1st, 1870, to March 1st, 1S71, $117,819,630 25 ; from March 1st, 1871, to March 1st, 1S72, $94 845,348 94; from March 1st, 1872, to November 1st, 1872, eight months, $64,0-17, 237 84; total $363,-696,999 $363,-696,999 87. Revenue Reduction nncl Legislation. Legisla-tion. With the great reduction of taxation by tho acts of congress at iti last session, ses-sion, the expenditures of the government govern-ment in collecting the rcvenuo will be much reduced for the next fiscal year. It is very doubtful, however, whether any further reduction of so heavy a burthen upon any people will bo practicable prac-ticable for the present. At all events, as a measure of justico to tho holders of the nation's certificates of indebtedness, indebted-ness, I would recommend that no more legislation be had upon this subject, unless it bo to correct error of omission or commission in present laws, until sufficient time has elapsed to provo it can be dono and still Icavo sufficient revenuo to meet the current expenses of government, pay the interest oo tho public debt, and provide for tho sinking sink-ing fund establit-hcd by law. Tho preservation of our national crodit is of the highest importance. Next in importanco to this, comes tho solemn duty to provido a national currency of fixed and unvarying value ns oompared with gold, and as soon as practicable-, having duo regard for tho interests inter-ests of the debtor class, and tho vicissitudes of trado and commcrco, Tlie, War ( pnt tmeiit. The report of the secretary of war shows tho expenditures of the war department, de-partment, for tho fiscal year ending Juno 31, 1871. to bo $35,799,991.82, and for the fiscal year ending Juno 30th, - 1872, to . bo $35,372,157.20, shewing a reduction in favor of the last fiscal year of $427,83-1.60. Tho estimates esti-mates for military appropriations for the next fiscal year ending June 30th, 1874, aro $33,801,378.78. Estimates of the chief engineers aro submitted separately for furiifiuatons-, river and harbor improvements, and for publio buildings and grounds, and tho Washington Wash-ington aqueduct. Tlie l'roriliiicu'rt Jlurcnu. The affairs of tho Krcedmcn's bureau havo all been transferred to tho war department and regulations havo been put into execution for the speody payment pay-ment of bounty and pay due the colored soldiers, and properly coming under that bureau. All warrants for money and properly prior to J ST 1 havo been examined and transmitted to the treasury for final settlement. Tin UNporliit ion, iUpc mil t tu cw, 'etc". During (ho fiscal year there has been paid for transportation on railroads $13,000.00, of which $80,857 was over the Union Pacific railroad, for transposition trans-position by water $026,373.52, and by stage $ 1.897,584, and for purcbaso of transportation animals and wagons, biro of teamstoru, olo., $92,-165,06'!. About $370,000 havo been colluctcd from Southern railroads during tho year, leaving about four millions still due. The ruartcrmastor has examined and transmitted to tho accounting officors for settlement $367,172.72 of claims by loyal citizens for quartermasters' quarter-masters' stores during tho war. Subsisting supplies to tho amount of $U9,412 havo been issued to the Indians annually. Tho avcrnirc mean strength of tho army was 21,210 white, 2,4. '4 colored Boldiors. Total deaths for tho year reported, .'I67 white, M colored. The distribution uf medical and surgical stores has yet to bi ordered by ciii-grc::s. ciii-grc::s. There exi-tts an absoluto necessity neces-sity fur a medical corps of tho full n'unirt-r (Mnblhbod by act of congress of July .itb, iH'i, thero being now 59 vaeanoieu and the number of t-uc-ct rlul candidates' - rarely exceeding I eii'.ht. or ten in any quo year, 1 Ulvcr and llnroor Improvement!. The river and harbor improvements have been carried on with energy and economy. Although many are only partially completed, tho results have saved to commerce many times the amount expended. The increased commerce with the greater depth of channels, tho greater security in navigation, navi-gation, and the saving of timo adds much to the wealth of the country and increases tho resources of the government. govern-ment. The bridge across tho, Mississippi Missis-sippi river at Book Island has been completed and a proper site has beon determined upon for a bridge at La Cros;c. TlieSutro Tunnel, Ac, The ablo and exhaustive report made by the commission appointed to investigate inves-tigate the Sutro tunnel has been transmitted trans-mitted to congress. Tho observations and reports of tho signal offioo have been contiuued. Stations have bceb maintained at each of tho principal lakes, seaport, aod bay cities. Ten additional stations havo been .estab lished in tho United States, and arrangements ar-rangements havo been mado for an ' exchange of reports with Canada and a similar exchange of observations is contemplated with the West India Islands. llcuommcud&tlont of the War Department. De-partment. The favorable attention of oongress is invited to tho following recommendations recommen-dations of the secretary of war. A discontinuance of the appointment of extra lieutenants to serve as adjutants and quartermasters; the adoption of a code providing a specific, penalty for well defined offenses that tho inequality of sentences adjudged by oourt martial may be adjusted; a consolidation of the accounts under which expenditures are made as a measure of economy; a re-appropriation re-appropriation of the money for the construction of a depot at San Anto-nia, Anto-nia, the site dow being' perfected; a special act placing the cemetery at the Oily of Mexico on the same basis as other national cemeteries; authority to purchase sites for military posts io Texas; the appointment of commissary sergeants from non-commissioned officers, offi-cers, as a measure for securing the better care and protection of supplies; an appropriation for oatalogues ' and tables of the anatomical section of the army for the medical museum; a rcappropriation of the amount for the manufacture of brecchloadiog arms, should the selection be so formed, by the board of officers, as to leave the former appropriations expended at the oloso of a fiscal year; the sale of such arsenals cast of tho Mississippi as can be spared, and the proceeds applied to the establishment of one largo arsenal of construction and repair upon the Atlantic coast, and the purchase of a suisablo site for an arjorovine and ex perimental ground for heavy ordnance; ' tho abrogation of laws which deprive inventors in tho Umted States service ' from deriving any benefit from their ' inventions; the repeal of the law pro- ' hibiting promotions iu the staff corps; a oontinuanoe of the work upon the 1 coast defences ; the repeal of the 7th ' section of the act of July IS, 1866, taking from engineer soldiers the per diem granted to other troops; a. limitation limi-tation of time for tho preservation of ' subsistence supplies under tho aat of July 4th, 1S64, and a modification in the mode of selection of cadets for the military academy, in order to enhance the usefulness of the academy which is impaired by reason of the large amount of time necessarily expended in giving new cadets a thorough knowledge of mere elementary branches of learning which they should acquire before entering en-tering the academy; also an appropriation appro-priation for philosophical apparatus and an increase in tho number and pay of professors in the military academy. " C lie b per Transportation. The attention of congress will be called, during Us present session, to the various enterprises for the more certain and cheaper transportation of the constantly increasing surplus of western and southern producs to the Atlantic sea border. This Bubject is ono that will force itself upon the legis-: legis-: lative branch of government sooner or later, and 1 suggest therefore that immediate im-mediate steps be taken to gain all available avail-able information and to secure equitable and just legislation. Tho line to connect con-nect the Mississippi valley with the Atlantic at Charleston, South Carolina and Savannah, Georgia, by water by way of tho Ohio and Tennessee rivers and canals and slack water navigation to the Savannah and Ocomulgee rivers has been surveyed and a report made by an accomplished engineer offioer of tho army. Second and third new routes will be proposed for the consideration consid-eration of congress, namely : by an extension of the Kanawha and James river canal to tho Ohio and by an extension of the Chesapeake and Ohio canal. I am not prepared to recommend recom-mend government aid to these or othor enterprises until it is dearly shown that they are not only of national interest but that when completed they will bo of a value commensurato with their cost. That production increases more rapidly than means of transportation, transporta-tion, in our country, has been demonstrated demon-strated by past experience, and that tho unprecedented growth io population popula-tion and products of the whole country rcquiro additional laciliticsand choaper means for tho more bulky articles of commerce to reach tide water and a market will be demanded in tho near furturc. is equally demonstrated. I would therefore suggest either a committee com-mittee or a oommission to be orgaoiicd to oonsidcr this wholo question and to report to congress at somo future- day for its better gutdanuo in legislating on tho important subject, Tho railroads of tho country have been rapidly extended during tho last few years to meet tho growing domand of producers and they reflect much credit upon tho capitalists and managers engaged in their construction. In addition to thoso a project to facilitate commerce by tho building of a ship canal around tho Niagara falls on theU.S.sido which has been agitated for many yoars, will no doubt be called to your attontion at this session. Looking to a groat futnre of tho country, with tho increasing demands de-mands of oommoruo, it might bo well, while on this subject, not only to havo examined and repoitcd upon, tho various vari-ous practicable routes for connecting tho Mississippi with tido water on the Atlantic, but tho feasibility of almost contiuual land-looked navigation from Maine to tho Gulf of Mexico. Such a route along our uoast would bo of great valuo at all timed, and of inestimable valuo in case of a foreign war. Nature has provided so that the greater part of this route, and tho obstaoles to bo ovoroomo, aro easily within tho skill of tho engineer, I havo not alluded to this subject with tho view of having any further expenditure of publio monoy at this timo, than may bo necessary neces-sary to prouuro and placa all necessary information bolero oougross in an authentic au-thentic form to euablo it hereafter, if deemed practicable and worthy, to legislate leg-islate on tho subject without delay. Naval Report. The report of tho seorctory of tho navy, herewith accompanying, explains fully tho condition of that branoh of tho publio Borvioo with its wants, deficiencies defi-ciencies und expenses incurred during the past year, and the appropriations tor tho samo. It also gives a oouipleto history of tho services of the navy tho past year, in additioa (o its regular ucrviccs. It is evident that unless steps aro taken to preserve our navy, id a very few yoara tho United States will bo tho weakest nation upon the ocean of all groat powers. With an oncrgoticoud progressive business peo-plo peo-plo iiko ours, penetrating and forming business relations vs'uh every part of the known world, a navy, strong onough to command respect for our Ibig abroad, is necessary lor the full protection of , their rights. I recommend a careful ; consideration by conrefs of the recom- nictidutiona made by the soorotary, ac- ooinpaiiyit'ir. , J-tnl Ilepnrtnienl. ' Tho report of tho postmaster-general ( furmshcH a toll and satisliiotory exhibit i of the operations of tho poit office do- i pariment during tho year. Tho ordi- c nury revenues of tho dopartment lor i fi-eal year, ending Juno ,'iOth, 1871' J amounted to $21,915,40.37; expondi- i turcs, $26,G5S,192.21. Compared t with the provious fiscal yoar, the in- c crease of revenuo was $1,878,380.95, c and tho increase of expenditures i $2,268, 08S. 23. Adding to tho ordinary t revenues an annual appropriation of seven hundred thousand for free matter, and the amouots paid to subsidies sub-sidies on most of the steamship lines 5 from special appropriations, tho defi- f oienoy paid out of the general treasury ' was $3,317,765.94, an excess of $389,- I 707. 28, over tho deficiency for the ( year 1871. Other interesting statis- 1 tical matter relating to our rapidly 1 extending postal service is furnished ' in this report Tho total length of 1 railroad mail routes, on tho 30th of Juno, 1872, was 57,911 miles, 8,077 additional miles of such service having been put in oporation during the year. Eight new railway lines and post offices havo been established with an aggregate aggre-gate length of 2,909 miles. The number num-ber of letters exchanged in tho mails with foreign countries was 24,362,500. an inorease-of 4,066,502, or tweDty percent, over the numbor in 1871, and the postage thereon amounts to $1,871-257.25. $1,871-257.25. The total weight of mails exchanged with European countries oxooeded 820 tons. Tha oost of U. S. trans-Atlantic mail steamship Bervico was $220,301.70. The total oost of U-S. U-S. ocean steamers, including amounts paid to subsidized lines of mail stoam-ers, stoam-ers, was $1,027,020 97. Tha following are the only steamship lines now receiving re-ceiving subsidies for mail sorvice under special acts of congress. The Pacifio Mail S. S. Co. rcceivo" $500,000 per 'annum for carrying a monthly mail between San Francisco and Japan and China, which will be increased to ono million par annum and a semi monthly mail on and after October 1st, 1873. The U. S. and Brazil Mail S. S. Co. receive $150,000 per annum -for carrying carry-ing a monthly mail between New York and Ilio Janeiro, Brazil; and thoICalifornia, Oregon, and Mexico steamship company receive $75,000 per annum far carrying a monthly mail bo-tweon bo-tweon San Francisco and Honolulu and tho Hawaiian islands, making the total amount of mails and subsidies at present $725,000 per annum. Our postal communication with all parts of the civilized world have- bcon plaoed ' upon a most advantageous footing, by improved postal conventions and the arrangements recently conoloded with the leading commercial countries of Europe and Ameriea; and a gratifying statement is made, that with the conclusion con-clusion of a satisfactory convention with France, the details of which have been definitely agrocd to by the French , postal department, subject to the i approval of the minister, of finance, little remains to be accomplished by , treaty, for some time to come, in respect to . the reduction of rates or improved postal facilities. . , Your favorable consideration is respectfully re-spectfully invited to the recommendations recommenda-tions of the postmaster gcnoral, for an' increase of service from a monthly to a semi-monthly trip of the mail steamship steam-ship route to the Brazil, for a subsidy in aid of the establishment of an American line of steamers from San Francisco, to New Zealand and Australia, Austra-lia, for the establishment af a post-office post-office saving bank, and for an inorpR!w of salaries of t.h hcaJo of bureaus. I have heretofore commended the abolition aboli-tion of the frankiog privilege, and see no reason now for changing my views on that subject. It not having been favorably regarded by oongress, however, how-ever, I now suggest a modification of the privilege, to correct its glaring and costly abusas. - - - Postal Telegraph' I would recommend also the appointment ap-pointment of a committee, or oommission, oommis-sion, to take into consideration the ; best method, -equitable . to private corporations who have invested their time and capital in the establishment of telegraph lines, of aequiring title to the telegraph lines now in operation, and of connecting this service with the postal service of the nation: It is not probable that this subject could receive proper consideration during the limits of a short session of congress, but it may be initiated, so that further action may be fair to tho government and to the private parties concerned. American Steamship Llnet. There are but three lines of ocean steamers, viz: Tho Pacific Mail S. S. Co., between San Francisco, China, and Japan, with provision made for a semi monthly service after October 1st, 1S73; the United States and Brazil line, monthly: and the California, New Zealand and Australian line, monthly, plying between the United States and foreign ports, and owned and operated under our flag. I earnestly recommend that such liberal contracts for carrying the mails be authorized with those lines, as will insure their continuance. If the expediency of extending the aid of government to lines of steamers which hitherto have not reoeived it should bo deemed worthy the consideration consid-eration of congress, political and commercial com-mercial objects make it advisable to bestow such aid on lines under oar flag between Panama and the western South American ports. By this means muoh trade now diverted to othor countries might be brought to us, to the mutual advantage of this country and those lying in that quarter of the continent of America. The report of the secretary of the treasury will show an alarming falling off in our carrying trade for the lait ten or twelvo years, aod oven for the past year. I do not believe that the public treasure can be better expended in the intorenfc of the whole people, than in trying to reoovor this trade. An expenditure of five millions of dollars per annum for the next five years, if it would restore to us our proportion of tho carrying trade of the world, would bo profitably expended. Tho prico of labor in Europe- has so much enhanced within the last fow years, that tho cost of building and operating ocean steameriin the United States is not ao muoh greater thaa in Europe, and I believe the time has arrived ar-rived for congress to tako this subject into serious consideration. Department of Justice, Detailed statements of the disburse-mouta disburse-mouta of tho department of justioe will bo furnished by tho report of the attorney general, and though theso havo been somewhat increased by recent re-cent acts of oongress, to ooforco tho rights of oitiaeus of the Unitod States to voto io tho several States of the Union, and toonforco ibe provisions of tho fourteenth amendment to tho constitution con-stitution of the United States, and the amoudmonts thereto, 1 canuot question tho necessity aud salutary effects of thoso onactmcnts. Reckless aod law-loss law-loss men, 1 regret -to sny, havo associated asso-ciated themselves togct her in somo localities to doprivo other of tho rights guaranteed them by tho constitution of tho United States, and to that end havo committed deeds of violence; but the dotcoliou and punishment of many of these persons tended prcatly to the repression of such disorders. I do not doubt that tho great majority of the people, in all parts of (ho oountry, tavor a full enjoyment by all classes of persons of theso rights, to whioh they aro entitled under the constitution and laws, and to invoke the aid and influence influ-ence of all good citizens to prevent organizations whoso objects arc. by unlawful means, to intortero with those rights, I look with confidence to the time, not far distant, when the obvious advantages of good order and peace will induoo tho abaodonmeDt of all oombinaiioiis prohibited by the acts referred to, and when it will be unnecessary unne-cessary to carry on prosecutions, or inflict punishmonts, to protoot citizcos from tho lawless doings of such combinations. com-binations. Applications havo been oiado to mo to pardon persons con-viotcd con-viotcd of the violation of said acts, upon tho ground that clemency in such oases would teud to trat.quilizo the ruind ; and to test tho virtuo of that Policy 1 am disposed, so far as my sense Df justice will permit, to givo to theso applications 5 favorable consideration ; but any nnlion thereon lu not to be son.'-trued as indicating any ceasing on my part, of a determination to enforce, ffUh vigor, such acta, bo long as tho wnspirncics and combinations therein milled disturb tho poaco of t he country. It is much to bo rcgroitcd, and in , egrottod by do ono moro than myself, that the necessity has cvor existed to exoouto tho enforcement act. No ooo uan desiro moro than 1, that the necessity of applying it may never again bo demanded. Interior Depnrmciit. The secretary of tho intorior' reports satisfactory improvement and progression progres-sion in each of tho several bureaus under tho control of tho interior department. de-partment. They arc in excellent condition. Work which in somo of them for somo years, has been io arrears, has been brought down to a recent date, and in all tho current business has been promptly dispatched, dis-patched, Iudtnu I'ollcj, Tho policy which was adopted at tlie beginning of tho adiuinistnition, with rogard to the managoment of the lm-ans, lm-ans, has boon us succtu-siul as its most ardent friends RnUcipaU'd, within bo short a time. It has reduced tho expense ex-pense of their management, docrnasad their forages upon while . settlements, tended to givo the largest opportunity for tho extension of tho great railways through tho public domain, and tlie puehing of sottlomonts into many districts dis-tricts ot country ; and at tho samo timo hati improvod tho condition of tho Indians. Indi-ans. The policy will bo maintained without chango, excepting su;h as further fur-ther oxpensos may show to be necessary to render it moro efficient. The Eubjcctof converting the so-called Indian Territory, south of Kansas, into a homo for the Indians, and erecting ' thoreon a Territorial form of govern- ! ment, is one of great importance, as a 1 compliment of tho existing Indian pol- ; icy. The question of removal to tho Territory has, withia tho past yoar, beon presented to -many tribes resident spon other and loss dcsirablo portions of the public domain, and has generally been received by them ivUb-favor. As a preliminary pre-liminary tepto the organization of such a territory, it will bo necessary to con-tine con-tine tho Indians, now rosidont thoro, unto farms of proper size, which should be soeured to Loom in fee residue, to bo ued for the settlement of other friendly Indians. EtlbrU will bo made in tho immediate future to induce the removal of as many peaceably disposed Indians only, to the Indian Territory, as can bo settled properly, without dislurbinjt the harmony of those already there. There is no other location now available- whore a people who are endeavoring to acquire a knowlodgo of paitorol end agricultural agricultu-ral pursuits can be as well accommodated accommo-dated as upon tho unoccupied land ia the Indian Territory. A Territorial goverment should, however, prevent the Indians from inroad by whites for a term of years, until' they become sufficiently suffi-ciently advanced in the arts of civilixa-i tion to guard their own rights from the sale of lands hold by theniielves.. The Public JLand, During tho last fiscal year there wore disposed of, om of the' public lands, 11, tsH,U75 acres, a quantity greater by l.tWDTu acres than was disposed of in. any provious year. Of this amount 1,370,20 acres woro sold for cash- BS'j,-100 BS'j,-100 acres wore located with .iniliuiry waPrant5; d.Oi I.vjj acres were taken for homesteads; G9o,tJl3 acres were located with college scrip; 3,06-1,867 acres were granted to railroads; 45,3-17 acres were granted to wagon roads; 714,li66 acres were given to States as swamp land; and 5,(0 aprps were located by Indian Bcrip." The cash receipts from all sources, . in the land orDce, amounted to $V21ti,-100. $V21ti,-100. During the same period 22,01G,0uS acres of public Jands were surveyed, which, added to the tunntity before surveyed, sur-veyed, amounts to 5SJ, i'i, 7ii0 .acres, leaving 1,57X33,628 acros of public lauds still unsurvejed. Heporto from the subordinates of the land office contain con-tain interesting information in regard to their respective districts. The uniiormly mention tho fruitlulue&s of the soil during dur-ing the past season, and the increased yield of all kinds ofjiroduce evince that in the States and Territories where min isg is the principal business, agricultural agricultu-ral products have exceeded the local demand, and liberal shipments have been made to distant points. . Patent Office. , ' During the year ending Sepftinber 30, 1872, there were issued from the patenL office 1,026 patents; 23 extensions; and 6Si certificates and negtsters of trttJe marks. During the saxae time 19,667 applications for patent?, 'including reissues re-issues and designs, have been received; and 3, 100 caveats tiled. Ihe fees received re-ceived during the same period amounted to $700,959.85, and the total expenditure expendi-ture to $u23, 553, yO, making the net receipts re-ceipts over tne expenditures $77,400,50. Since 1S36 two millions of applications : for patents have been tiled, and about I 134,0ot) patents have issued, the office be-I be-I log considered under the same laws and general organization as adopted at the original inauguration, when only from one to 600 applications were made per annum. The cammissioner shows that tha office has outgrown, the original plan, and that a new organization has become necossary. -This subject was presented to congress in a special communication com-munication in .February last, with my approval and the approval of the secretary secre-tary of the interior, and the suggestions contained in said communication were -embraced in a bill that was. reported to the house by the committee on patent, "at the last session. The subject of the reorganization of tbe patent olEce, as contemplated by the bill referred to, is of such importance to the industrial interests in-terests of the country, that 1 commend it to the attention of congress. The commissioner also treats of tho subject of the separation of the patent office from the department of the interior. This subject is also embraced in the bill heretofore referred to. The commissioner complains of the want of room for the model gallery, and for working force and the neceisary ties of the offices. It ib impossible to transact the business of the office properly without moro room in whioh to arrange files and drawings, that must be consulted hourly in the transaction of business. The whole of tho patent office building will soou bo needed, if it is not already, for tho accommodation ac-commodation of the business of the patent office. Pensions. The amount paid for pensions in the last nscalyear was 30, 160,340, an amount larger by 3,71)8,438 than was paid during the preceding year. Of this amount 2,313,40'.) wore paid, under an act of congress con-gress of .February 17th, liSTLto-the survivors sur-vivors of the war of 1812. The annual increase of pensions by legislation of congress has moro than kept pace with the natural yearly losses from tho rolls. The act of congress of Juno 8lh, '72, has added an estimated amount of 760,000 per annum to the rolls . without increasing tho number of pensioners. Wo can't therot'ore look for any substantial sub-stantial decrense in the expenditures of this department for sometime to come, or as long as congress continues chauging dates of pensions. Tho total number of soldiers enlisted in tho war ol' tho rebellion rebel-lion was 2, 085. oil. Tho total number of claims ior invalid pensions is 170,600, being but 6 per cent, of tho wholo number num-ber of enlisted men. Tho total number of claims on hand at the beginning of tho yoar was Pl.CiVj. The number received re-ceived during tho year 20,574, the number num-ber disposed of 3.;,J78, making a not gain of 1,201. Tho number of claims now on lilo is 7t,085. On the :'0th of Juno, J872, thero were on tlio rolls the names of H.515 invalid military pensioners, pen-sioners, and 113,618 widows, orphans, and dependent relatives, making an aggregate of 2U,.VJ23 army pensioners. At same timo thero wcro oil the rolls the names of l.tl'.i navy pensioners, 1,730 widows, orphan?, and dependent relatives, rela-tives, making tho whole number of naval pensioners 3,170. There have been received sinco tho pnssage of the act to provide pensions fur the survivors survi-vors of tho war of 1812, 30,651 applications applica-tions prior to June 30, 1872. Ot these there woro nllowt'd during tho last fiscal year LV.I20 claims, 4,845 wero rejected during the yoar, leaving 11,60 claims ponding at that dale. The number of pensions of nil classes granted during the last lUeal yoar whs 3;t,830. During that poriod there wero dropped from tho rolls for various causes '.'14 names, leaving a grand total of 232.JLM pensions pen-sions on the- rolls on the 30.li of Juno, lf72. It is thought the claims fr pensions pen-sions on account of tho war of IMl' will all ho disposud of by tlio tirt May, I8ii3 It is estimated that $-iO,48U,u0 will bo required lor pension sorvice during the next liseal year. Tlie Muth On mi. . The ninth census is about completed. Its completion is a subject of congratulation congratu-lation inasmuch as tho u&o to bo made of tlio statistics therein coutained depends de-pends very greatly on the proiuptttudo ot publication. Tho sccrotnry of th0 Interior recommends that a ceimit lm taken in 1875, which recommendation should receive tho ready ulloniion ot congress. The interval at proMMit established estab-lished bolwcim the fedora! census is so long that the information obtained at tho Ji'piirlniont of the proceeds and of tho malarial conditions, want nmt resources re-sources of tlio nation is of lm0 piao-lical piao-lical valuo alW tlio o.iirtion of tlio tit'rtt halfol'tlint period. It would proh-ably proh-ably ohli iate tlio constitutional provision provi-sion regarding tho ileciinal censoH if a eoiisiis laUii in is;,", could b.'div'o-led ot ail political character nr.d no apportionment appor-tionment ol congressional roproMma-tu'u roproMma-tu'u bo made under it Such cen-us coining as it would in tlio l.,i voaV of tbe Ural contury of our national" exist ence, would furnish a noblo monument of tho progress of tho United btatos during that contury. Education, Tho rapidly increasing interest in education is a most encouraging feature In such a history of the country, and it is no doubt true that this is duo in a groat measure to tho efforts of tho bureau bu-reau of education. That ofllce is continually con-tinually receiving evidences, which abundantly prove its efficiency, from various institutions of learning and education edu-cation of all hinds throughout tlio country. coun-try. Tho report of the commisionor contains a vast Amount of educational details of great interest. Tho bill now ponding in congress providing for the appropriation of part of tho prococds of the bales of public lauds for educational purpose- to aid thoSUitos in tho general education of their rising generation, is a mcasuro of mch great importanco to our real progrnss, and bo unanimously approved by loading friends of education, educa-tion, that 1 commend it to tho favorable attention of congress. TUc Territories. Allans in tho Territories aro generally satisfactory: 'Tho capacity of the pioneers pio-neers who aro settling up tho vast domains do-mains not yot incorporated into States, is kooping paco in internal improvo-mento improvo-mento and civil government with oldor comm unities. I'lali. In but one of them, Utah, the condition condi-tion of affairs is unsatisfactory, eicept so far as the quiot of the citizens may be by real or imaginary danger of Indian hostilities. It has soemed to bo the policy pol-icy ol tho legislature of Utah to evade all responsibility to the government of tho. United States, and evon to hold a position in hoitility to it. 1 rocommend a careful revision of tho present laws of that Territory by congress, and tho enactment en-actment of such a law as the one proposed pro-posed in congress at its lost session, for instance, or of something similar to it, that will secure peace and tho equality of all citizens before the law, and tho ultiniato extinguishment of polvgamy. Sinco tho establishment of a Territorial Territo-rial government for the District of (Jo-lumhia, (Jo-lumhia, tho improvement of vhe condition condi-tion of the city of Washington and its surroundings, hud tho increased prosperity pros-perity of iu tjiliaens, are observable to the most casual visitor. The nation being be-ing a largo owner of property in this city, should bear, with tho citizens of the Diitrict, its just share of oxpensos of thoso improve monU. 1 recommend, therefor, an appropriation to reimburse the citizens of the District foT tbe work dono by them along and in front of the public grounds during the past year, and liberal appropriations in order that the improvement and embellishment of the public- buildings and grounds may keup pace with tha improvements mado by the Territorial authorities. Agricultural Report. . Tho roport of the ooromissioner of ! agriculturo gives a very full and inter- ' i esting account of the several divisions of that department, the horticultural, agricultural, statistical, entomological and chemical, and the benefiLs conferred by each upon the agricultural interests oftUe country.. The whole report ia a complete -history, in total, of the workings work-ings of that department, in nil its branches, showing the manner in which tho farmer, merchant tvnd minor are benefitted, and ibe extent to which they are aided in their pursuits. Tbe commissioner com-missioner makes one recommendation, that measures be taken by conroes to protect and induce the planting of 1'urests, and suggests that no part of the public lands should he disposed of without with-out the condition that one-tenth be reserved re-served in timber where it exists, and where it des not inducements should bo offered for the planting of it. The Centennial. In accondanoo with the terms of the act of congress approved .March 3d 18,1, providing for the celebration of the 100 -h anniversary of American independence, inde-pendence, a commission has been organized, organ-ized, consisting of two members from each of the States and Territories. The commission has held two sessions, and has made satisfactory progress ia its organization ajjd in tho initiatory steps necessary for the carrying out of tbe provisions of tho act, and for executing the provisions, also, of the act of June 1st, 18,1, creating a centennial board of fiautfeo rA preliminary report of the progrs nas beea received from the Dresident of the commission, and is herewith transmitted. It will be the duty of tho commission, ut your coming session, to transmit a report of progress made and to lay before you the details relating to the exhibition of American aod foreign arts, products and manufactures manu-factures which by the terms of the act Is to bo held under the auspices of the government of the United States, in Philadelphia, in the year 1870. This celebration will be looked forward to by American citizons with great a uemury of greater progress and prosperity than is recorded in tho history of any other nation and proving iis further good purpose in bringing together on our soil the people of all commercial nations of the earth, which Is a matter calculated to secure international good feeling. Hie Civil Service. An earnest dosirehos boen felt to correct cor-rect tha abuses which have grown upon the civil service of the country through the defective method of making appointments ap-pointments to otlice whieh havo been regarded too much as the reward of political services. Under authority of congress rules havo been established to regulate the term of office and the mean of appointments. It cannot bo oxpocteds that any system of rule caa be entirely oifectivc and prove a perfect remedy for existing evils till it has been thoroughly tested by actual practice and amended according to the requirements of tho service. During my term of office it shall be my best endeavor to so apply the rules as to secure the greatest possi-siblo possi-siblo reform in the civil servico of the government, tut it will require the direct action of congress to render the enforcement enforce-ment of lixe system binding upon my successors and I hope that the experience experi-ence of the past year, together with appropriate ap-propriate legislation by congress may reach a satisfactory solution of this . question and secure to the public service ser-vice for all times a practical method of obtaining faithful and efficient officers and employee. Signed) Tj. S. Grakt. Ivxocutive Mansion, December 2d 1S72. |