Show IS QUITE QUIE MODERN Disease Was Wa Rot Not o Known for Centuries ies len After Ater fter Christian I Era Er Began Eegan Degn Chicago Chronicle Among the Ills which flesh fesh was origin originally originally ally aly heir er to was not that of smallpox which is a comparatively comparative modern disease I tt It originated a n little past p t the middle of oC the first 1000 1001 10 years of f the Christian Chrisian era er or to be exact in A A D 59 69 The medical books describe the disease as a a con contagious contagious contagious lever fever characterized characterised by a pu tular eruption having ha ng a depressed center It I wa was given ven the name It now hears bears in 1161 G pacce before that date it seems to have hare had no name In the Latin vrola is varus meaning I Ia a blotch or The term as English speaking people know It I is of f the same significance and of Saxon origin Pox signifies a a pouch or bag an and l the word stood alone lono down to the tho middle of the fifteenth ff fifteenth century when the prefix small sll was as added Arabia Arbia lg is li charged with wih the sin of hav hay having havin in ing originated the te disease and a it was an a Arabian physician who com corn composed pwe posed a history of it i He wrote some time Ume in the tho tenth century The raising rising of the siege of Mecca by b an Abyssinian army arm about 5 la Is by y this author attributed to the ravages ravage made ma e by the smallpox The part that Mohammed and his followers played in history contributed to the rapid propagation of the he disease Measles and scarlet fever were at first Jirs t with smallpox or considered as varieties of It This error indeed prevailed for a great many man years when a i physician named Sydenham the difference dlf rene between theta them the a Dutch physician who died at Loydon Ludon in was the first to t Insist that contagion is essential to the propagation of ot dis disease disease ease S Tlc he time that elapses elapse from the moment the patient receives the contagion until It I begins to manifest maniet its is effect in the In Initiatory Initiatory fever feve is i called cled the period and is is usually fourteen days During this thi time there is hardly ever any disturbance of the ordinary health The commencement of the he disease Is marked by chills chis followed by fever ferrer and ordinarily r rn fly ily n by b pain in the back especially in the loins louis accompanied with wih nausea and vom vomiting In a a a severe form of the disease the fever runs high with wih violent pain in the back and much delirium It often ofen begins eins in children by an attack atack of convulsions convulsion Eruptions begin to show on the third day of f the fever As a rule they first ap appear apper appear pear per on the face then on the neck and wrists then on the trunk and finally on tho feet and legs The e eruptions are complete on the fifth frh day daj and after this few or no new spots appear apper They at first consist of minute rounded pimples of a characteristic solid sold consistency feel feeling feelIng feeling ing like small smal shot beneath the skin It Is toy by b this peculiar solidity of the spots that smallpox at this stage is distin distinguished distinguished from other peculiar eruptions By B the tho fourth day from their first frt ap pearne tho pimples are converted Into vesicles tilled fIed with a a thin lymph and hav hay ing a depressed se center The vesicles now begin to be surrounded surround d by a circular flush fush upon the skin which soon becomes dark crimson the lymph at first frt colorless and end transparent Is gradually converted Into pus which increases In quantity and dis distends distends distends tends the tho he vesicles About the eighth eighth day dav of the a dark aIk Pot spot makes mae Its I appearance at the Center e of the pustule le leand and gradually dries dres up and Is converted Into a a scab cab Sab It I is the falling of this his scab which causes cuse a mark which slowly fades but is Is indelible The order of the disease in n passing p away aty Is the same as at the beginning the scabs first fall faU ing from the face ce then from the neck and trunk and then the from the tha legs leg and feet feeL feetS feet S S c S There are two forms torms of the disease that t tare are common commo and ami one ose that is uncommon The first frt two are discrete te and ent eat smallpox and the latter later In smallpox there is bleed Leed ing at the the mouth ot the te bronchial tubes and d of at the skin and the patient turns black this is the worst w form of the dis disease disease ease ese Confluent smallpox Is the next worse and discrete smallpox is the least leat dangerous When the pustules pustule are ae com corn comparatively few they are separated some pome sometimes sometimes times widely from each ech ather and the disease Is termed Vv uca lut uty c t very ver numerous they riley the touch each cacti other and und run together and then it is termed eon con confluent cn fluent Sometimes these two forms are barely distinguishable from one another In the discrete form the fever common ly b subsides on the appearance of the eruption and where the pustules pustule are few it may not return but where they the are many their maturation is i commonly at attended attended attended tended with more or less fever With the appearance appL ranc of ot the eruptions on n a the sur face sore throat is complained of the tonsils are swollen and pustules appear upon the roof of the mouth and the In Inside side aide of ot tho the cheeks heeks When smallpox Is confluent the subcutaneous cellular tissue is involved Involve in the disease the swelling Is great Gret and by the fifth day the patient patent is commonly unable to open op n his eyes eye Sometimes the eruptions on n the face co en coalesce o alesce Into one huge sore it is attended with a tormenting Itch ich and the fever Is of oC the tho Kind hm Tea diseaSe dl i m al at always always ways attended by a a peculiar odor and In confluent cases this is excessively rause nause raUse Qua ous and offensive The eighth day of the eruption or the eleventh eleventh of ot the disease di ise is commonly the most fatal fat day while more patients patient patent die earlier Or tic later Confluent smallpox is alway dangerous and ad the danger is aggravated If t the patient patent be still sti in Infancy or over 45 years of ot age or oro o ot of a a feeble constitution When patients recover from severe cases of t smallpox blindness is an u occa occasional oca atonal result resl and before the general generl in trou ton of at vaccination blindness from smallpox was common Besides Inflammation tion ton of the eyes glandular swellings and sea and bed sores are occasional complications When the complication is with diseases of the blood Hemorrhages from various organs occur This runs into the black disease There is high fe fever fever ver Vet and a tho the eruptions do not come out freely This form of the disease Is al almost almot almost most mot invariably tatul fatal Women with wih the disease i ese have been known to give ve birth to a child presenting the characteristic tion ton of the smallpox eru Gc 4 The TIme mortality froth from smallpox is esti estimated est estimated mated mated at or oT 07 o all aU who are attacked Like other many con contagious diseases discuses It It Is subject to epidemic influence and when it prevails epidemic epidemically ally aly It Is severer and more fatal Lady I Mary Wortley Worter Montage Montagu Montag when In the far tar east est discovered that tha inoculation would mitigate the severity of ot the te disease Her discovery was ws that a minute portion porton of the th virus being inserted in under the skin the disease was wa rendered far tar less violent and by her he courage and persistence In Inoculation inoculation was Introduced Into Europe But since the discovery of ot vaccination her method has been een dispensed dispense with wih For Jor a long time the dangers of small smallpox smal smallpox pox were aggravated v e by the b means e used u for f its i cure Tho theory h was that h t tu the eruption was an en effort of nature to free the tho system of morbid matter and that the more abundant It I was was the bettor better beter for tor forthe forthe the patient patent Time The eruption eupton was wa accord encouraged by br warm drinks drink and a atmosphere Sydenham was the first to inculcate the necessity Ht bf of free ventilation and a cooling regimen Says Saysa a high medical authority auth Mild Mid cases require little except atten aten tion ton to hygienic measures tho the disease is attended with wih little danger and hould should run its Is course coure uninfluenced by art ar when it n is attention should be early dl di directed supporting supportinG the strength ol ot the patient patent The diet should be as is nutritious as he can bear ber and when indicated by the pulse puse wine and stimulants should be administered The troublesome itching Lehing which causes cause great suffering may ma seat be alleviated ted by the application of sweet oil oi cold cream or lard opiates opiate may m be useful to procure sleep slee and the bowels should be b occasionally occa moved by mild laxatives or mid 0 0 Dr Edward Edvard Jenner enner discovered discovered vaccina vaccination don tion ton in 1796 and though thou h In his own ow coun court country countr try tr of oC England he met with great wih get opposition opposition ho he lived lve to t see vaccination germ gen erb adopted Js Its t advocates be that tha It would iw Ir nfl all cases ca afford complete completo and ad permanent protection from rom smallpox But soon on it was a found that tb t those who had bad been well wel and an thoroughly vaccinated were still sUl liable lable to some pome extent to attacks atack of the disease and though ough in general the the disease was IS modified anil anI t ren ron rendered dered shorter and milder stilt still it resulted occasionally In death But its it extreme value easily demonstrated by thE statistics stati Uc In England by the h last haJ hall hail hallof of the century out of or eyer 1000 10 deaths ninetysix occurred from smallpox In the first half hal of ot the cen century century tury tury just closed close out of ot every 1000 10 death but were caused caused by b that dis disease ease easa ese So by the middle le of the nineteenth fhe the that hac century most most of objections hl been urged against vaccination had beer beet removed In recent reent years the number o deaths from th tho disease d eJe has steadily benz beet bot reduced The amount of mortality In a country b by smallpox seems to bear a fixed relation to the extent to t which vac is carried cried out ut In all aU and Wales Vales for some years year previous to 18 tIme the proportional mortality by was wa one to 1000 deaths from al at causes in London it was put bus ut sixteen tc tc 10 1000 in Ireland where wh re vaccination was wat much less les general it was sas to 1003 1001 1 and in Connaught where opposition to vaccination was ws violent it was sixt to 1000 10 On the ho other hand in a anum num number number ber of European countries where whee tion ton was more or less es compulsory flu proportionate number of ot deaths from smallpox about abott the th shine same time varied from two per lG to eight per lOW 1030 Jo from al causes cause S 5 The Te duration of the protective Influence of vaccination varies varie with different indi individuals The stun mno s e thing thIp happens lu with regard to t the protective Influence of an attack of smallpox itself itel In most per persons person persons sons son it lasts lats for life Ife many man after a pe period pe nod more of less prolonged are liable lable tc tl a second attack attack while cases have occur occurred occurred red in which a third attack has ha provet fatal In lit all al cases cae seems tem to be a test of the loss los or the presence ol ci the protective Influence l c rind to render t this Ts test r tt certain n n nl where f rev n lo does not succeed on a first frs trial rIa it should bt bt b carefully performed a second s cond time |