Show HOME SCIENCE AND HOUSEHOLD te to thU Ii Mrs Mic MicHelen Helen Campbell Margaret B Mrs Kate Gannett Wells Mrs Louise B K Miss Anne Bar Barrow row rowe Mrs Mazy Masy Roberts Smith Mica Hiss G Bai Mim Lucy and others XV WOMEN WORKERS IN THE THEAs Ac As a factor In social worn ana ans work has lw had hod definite place and value In tinEs this enlightened age and especially In this fawned favored laIh society has reached the point i iy I willingly accepts and applauds woman for what at y ehe elne may chOW herself capable of being arid and that thet thetis is is noble and commanding Much of the tiie normal of the home has been taken out t ef f the home by modern scientific improvements a so that women of today have less to do in that realm than in our s 4 day y Moreover though ny woman Is the homemaker the tt and man the teeter often today a woman roust must as aume part of a mans manc vork of tion This is a misfortune not an op opportunity An effective avenue for has been opened ened through the exchanges which are now found In nearly all our terge lenge and virtually all growing out of me tires These have already had an appreciable effect on economic conditions and must ia 1 the future play playa a dill more important part They l have havea ve vea a double end in view to dIrect into re remunerative remunerative channels tine the work of wont wom women en suddenly reduced to penury with the secondary also aim of at the principle of In the minds of girls and woman who in the future will be b helpful and not helpless when misfortune conies comes In carrying opt alit the ex exchange change receives under specified con articles of the three general classes of domestic work needlework and art work Under the domestic de department department are included all kinds of food prepared at hone home by the consignors and sold through the es e articles of many varieties every form of ct bread pastry cake cookies meats sal ail salads ads ups desserts demert preserves Jellies jams pickles sauces anti and delicacies for the sick In the department of needle needlework needlework work nearly different articles are enumerated by different exchanges and the number is practically without limit since it includes every form of plain and fancy sewing The art deportment department is for the specific encouragement of dec decorative art and its ito aa as well aa 86 actual are great These three department are found In all the exchanges but each adds Its own especial line of work according to the ha and arsi consequent needs of 01 jae community A A f fe H receive eden hOe tWe and literary werk etnere arrange for cleaning and lace recovering ering furniture writing and copying j the preparation of for travel era and picnic parties partial white while a few orders for shopping dropping The exchanges have pointed out oot to a to n ene O support that can be he carried on within their f es wn n homes hom and aid at t the aa mine w time is 1 perfectly with other work performed there These women are arc that axie coming to mere the woman who he fay b good genid breed bread cakes and than the Ilif I woman who teaches hy Ft gives poor ances or boone become q t mere contrivance in a or factory Ta They y are finding that the of is iet oi the way Worl done rather than on the occupation It if Itself self sf Thus it k to Is that hundreds at of woman niP Maine toT to are obtaining for tor th and anal others I partial or entire Not only are bread preserved fruit salads e an an innumerable of special da nw tic tte in addition te to the h pv ducts of 0 the needle arid and decorative art rt in the large put but In in villages s many w nen are en en engaged In such auch and often lied a aready aready ready sale eale in the home borne market gt In one erie village of only 6 one young woman makes ipa and sells daily thirty loaves leaves of no woman in another country town a good liv I long ing by sending hk in s ted to be 15 sold I In New York has cleared each season by hI I and on Ol private A fourth j I has as built up a g employ tog Ing four or five dv in iq making j cake These Instance which might be multiplied are taken front froni the class clam of work worl alone alane Aa ts many more moru might be cited from gom the departments of needlework a n decorative art Sure Surely surely ly It t ia is helter better for the Th Individual anti and better for society that women should turn to useful account their hoir various talents rather Attempt to the overcrowded ana do work for which they have ve talent nor I ion No Nt of homework ers era is complete n of the household Question i year yeum ago a woman who was Obliged to earn ber Ier own eun living went naturally lAte into doos elIe ee hardly b he w jere re was any ani other available The i une today a bun bundred dred vocations T service pay parc better than most other in which women ore are engg yet wherever ever th the cern Into tk thin n with domestic the kitchen is lii deserted has th the to offer First reg rog regular Wag ular hours However we ne the day the factory employee looks for forward forward ward to an evening 1 Il jer own The law tw prohibits Sunday lebor In factory and workshop but taw does riot reach the kitchen A potent at n to the workshop Js is anon ship Woman more than mon man is a so social cial being THe Th factory operative or shop girl moreover horn hom or among her friends friend The Tiie house servant may be better better fed but sIne she is i not iNt free Ure Uc lies the se 05 secret cret of th the against domestic service in the between workshop and tt the e workshop will the housekeeper can offer girts glib the mme or equivalent There is a graver St to th itt study of workers In the than has baa yet been touched upon unon Ah An writer calls cahl home workers the tbt worst paid of our w raen That Is in Sn some respects true of our oar women What ia i known as the sweatIng ir mainly carried on In the un j protected trades that te hi trades where wherein in no Law enforces proper Sanitary ar or limit the hours houra of ha haher a abor her bor Under this come dress dressmakIng makIng and tailoring work an n underwear umbrella making fur Mewing and many other lv Thee Thes trades are carried on either v at home or partly at home and partly In small far fac tori The uge of fi the e sweating system are ahe ventilated the themore themore more urgent seems some sonn remedy The usually roads made against those vho ho labor under oie the sweating are tack lack of In house and person intemperance hit and immorality It would be Very strange if these charges were pot true true in the main Some Borne practical Venedy te In need needed Id ed and until tho eat of if these them ai a ad there can be no ra re w hope e of f eff any vital in lit their What three these workers need is better food and plenty of it regular wages Shorter hours of labor more amusements and ln short more mere treatment Wherever the rewards of rf industry are greatest competition is fiercest In cities no womans place or stipend Is Isor safe or fied ouch ach individual being lil but another atom flattened by pro N Now w York City te Is such a center In the vicinities of vania and Ohio wages for work on clothIng and underwear come often perilously near starvation point In Quaker villages and Bohemian and P liah colophon colonies party partly maintained melee make a a aen for the price due needy seamstresses for one Mens shirts at 49 and aist 37 cents ceta a dozen dozea mens inen wera at 27 cents cente a dozen thread machine rent and s deducted these rates oft become the highest wages that can cam b obtained by la labor 1 her bor from factories because of Invalid or infant dependents At the south new occupations any occupations indeed for are a boon Nowhere els else In the world do so many women bankrupt and bereft of male providers labor at manual os at the south pursuing with without without out taja of vocations which eve i Where involve social aerial ostracism The homo home labor supply being unlimited c ct t ton coal and iron Icon being cheap chean and the cost of living being lessened by a mild climate Industries grow apace I In Chicago and pd the northwest natives with difficulty hold the best places against the higher class immigrants who are the rhe backbone of the won wonderful wonderful development While wages are better betten than in the rho soot east living Is dearer Numbers of breadwinners however contribute to the family support work under just and liberal employment while living flying in good homes But the sonic same class that suffers in the east suffers more in the western rein the of now juggernaut cago has municipal regulations en enforced enforced forced by inspectors of both leses Yet here ag a In New York are to be found conditions of life in all large cities ci tenement and sweatshop abominations high rents and Importunate importunate nate rivalry Still another o or our ur must be touched upon namely that of cc the pin money workers menu manu manufacturers and merchants advertise for women womer workers who live at home to learn the business device as stu of economIcs claim to fill the firms firme by inveigling end and i ismall small shopkeepers into giving their heard board that the daughters may engage for wages which will bare barely ly Ii clothe clothe An A Investigation made in chu ts of ea i parking in their thair homes pi eq cp n r A o ye that under the j re ent state taw law a li Ii licence cence for workers which is given only to these iose who e homes are am clean cleanthe cleanthe the amount of work so distributed has been greatly reduced The wages how however liver ever remain pitifully and aad tha th pin money worker aids In fl towering lowering by her willingness to to accept a pittance Me y noses eases are f found where women working at home bribe are age paying the rest rent their share sharf of vv war Jl A A a i g gera era rule it M is very for a wi wian an to to sup h purely gt t Work worb It l si a of w Jn li t e fau iune e IM Uk many an another other f us no Ip Iii t the eki 0 of ti this century the sur mst to woe got cede enda h ve not yet beer been re Here tier there spot and every everywhere where to welt at t home because or children eats are seeking and sot not finding euf ent W x changes are giving substantial aid la Ia labor bar bor college settlements and con oon s leagues are studying te to meet 0 needs o of workers Woke both men ana and women training schools for servants are bringing household service into bet better betar ter t ar repute legislatures are at 1 1 the evils ef the sweating system anid sla the miseries ef of the submerged tenth eath t But ramaine to hi be den does Trade and schools be to make worn wom women en white while a step fur further further ther back manual training should fee be introduced l in PUbliC schools to develop faculty f and create power Domestic ser service serice vice i ice should be b dignified cool and made mere attractive by abrogating the mite false dis t between saleswomen and cooks cooke or maids by raising rainIng evoking and fc hold hola w work rk into irio a trade ar or Again Agair the Vr men of f Should in interest terest erest t themselves to know knew the re eI ce con condition of the toIlers of their sex and ana should use social to in sentiment In lf ef of reforms reform or to epe remedial lela Uon tion It is through suck by such influence that Slony anti pore m conies comes po p the r a Courses of o Instruction Autumn r Tern Term Mondays and Thursday Popular Studies in itt Shakespeare Tuesdays The TheW W Worlds Great Artists Duals Jl f for and Shop op and Trade for Boys Beys Fridays Great Statesmen Saturdays Hon e Science and These will continue until Jan SI 1600 will wll be he held at their close as a basis fur for the granting ef of cates i |