Show 3EATOR INGALLS I 1 INGALLSI I I A Startling Innovation in the Line of Interviewing TALK OF A REMARKABLE MAN The New York World EeporU Attltaacs as Well as Words The Epigram la 1lc turcd as Forcibly as It is Worded The Kew York Sunday World has astonished 1 aston-ished its readers and illustrated the capabilities capabili-ties of modern journalism assisted by instantaneous instan-taneous photography by intervietrinK Senator Sena-tor John James Infills at once with tho stenographers pencil and the artists camera The senators attitude is given exactly as it was at tho utterance of each epigram mid one scarcely knows which to admire most tho phraso or the picture It is to all intents and purposes as good to tho reader an ac tual interview in person would be The public pub-lic interest in what Senator Injjalls says is so great that tho interview is hero reproduced together with a few of tho pictures by permission mon of Tho Sunday World which pref eccs tho intervicw with tho statement that it i only just to Senator Ingalls t t that this taterview was especially solicited by The Sunday World and that his consent to the experiment was obtained only after considerable tdemble persuasion Tho agreement was that the senator should Ignore altogether tho presence of the photographer pho-tographer who was to be permitted to malro as many instantaneous pictures n he chose end just whenever he felt inclined THE INTERVIEW Copyright 1S90 New by the York Press World Publishing C The How arc your said tho senator heartily offering his hand to tho visitors who had ofernS h t vitr h just been ushered into h parlor and there was n quizzical smile on his face and a merry twinkle in his eye a i t say Well you pair of rascals you have como t play tricks on me But ho had promised t participate in the experiment and ho ddt inch 1 j1l I l ff Jk HOW ABE TOO SAID THE SEXATOB We are here senator to receive from you Sill the wisdom that you aro willing t impart t tho world on public affairs in general and vjn order that havo i you may no reason to I Lomplain of the inaccuracy of the reporter slirSprcpared t give you the benefit of all that stenography and photography combined I can do t represent you fairly I cannot say gentlemen that I have ever had much occasion t complain of the inaccuracy inac-curacy of newspaper interviewers said M IngnltS The newspaper interviewer generally gen-erally mae a pretty accurate report Like other men in public life I havo at times been misrepresented in the newspapers but these misrepresentations do not as a rule originate in tho interviewers department I is tho editorial writer and political commentator that public men havo most reason to complain com-plain of But everything considered wo havent much reason to complain at all In the pictorial branch of the interview at c events senator we could not misrepresent misrepre-sent you if wo would the apparatus you know cannot lie yu Well Im glad to have el very your word for that For the rest of it I can only place myself in bands I am at myf your hand n your mercy I you do not treat nw fairly you will only forfeit my good opinion And now gentlemen gentle-men may I ask on what subject you desire mo t express my views Is not the government senator interfering interfer-ing now more than it formerly did with what n usually regarded n tho private affairs of individuals f THE GOVZEKHEXTS DISREGARD OF TEE I DIVIDCAL Yes1 said the senator it begins t appear ap-pear n if individuals bad no rights or no private business which tho government was bound t respect The injustica of society end the inequality of conditions have given cu enormous impulse to the idea of nationalism national-ism the control of all economic agencies by the direct interposition of tho government This i tho logical reaction from individualism on which our system was founded The hop that political equality would result in the destruction de-struction of poverty and i social fraternity has not been realized There n larger private pri-vate fortunes there i greater political power in fewer hands in ether words there is more tyranny in the republic than in a monarchy The strongest succeeds more rapidly and more readily her because liberty being common ts sJl ihsro arc so restraints and limitations t overcome The demand now i therefore not that n shall bo free but that all shall b restrained from the full exercise of then faculties fac-ulties and from the enjoyment of their acquisitions ac-quisitions Will the supply b equal to the demand senatorp There havo been some marked concessions in this direction during tho last decade and the success of tho experiments has been so notable that future movement in the same direction is not improbable When the government gov-ernment takes control of all the agencies of society we shall a bo virtuous contented and happy jut n we cow all have gilt edged butter under the oleomargarine law reduced freight and passenger rates under the inter state commerce law and pure and nonparti C politics under the civil service law Taking about purity in politics senator 1 suppose you bulb that whatever political purity may exist belongs exclusively to tho Republican party With the possible exception of the two turnis of Washington the senator replied there has not been an absolutely fair free und impartial expression the deliberate will of the paoplo in any presidential election since the foundation of tho government I doubt > f there ever will b Patronage w allure the ambitious force will coerce the timid deuiagogn will gull the credulous fraud will rob the weak money will buy the mer ceuary1 Is it to be ever thu senatorr uTo purification politics i an iridescent dream Government is force Politics is a battle for supremacy Parties n the a Tnics Tho decalogue and the golden rule I have no place In a political campaign Tho I object is success To defeat tho antagonist tndexpel the party in power is the purposes The and Democrats irreconcilably Sepablicana nd Dmot are u ir to each other asvrero Grant oncilably opposed ea Gt and Leo I the Wilderness They use ballots instead of but tho struggle is guns sgle i as ur lr iUng and desperate and the result sought t for the sale I war ij is lawful t deceive the adversary t hire Hessians t purchase i merceonries t mutilate to kill t destroy j I The commander who lost Tho cIdc lo a battle through the activity of his moral nature would b the derision end jest of history This modern cant about the corruption of politics is fatiguing tiguing in tbo cstrcjne It proceed from tho tea custard and syllabub dilettanteism the frivolous and desultory sentimentalism of erne like Like whom wnatorr Ohl ycacau fill in the names yourself or else fjoai tho and brazen el foD cheap bru hypocrites like Thingimniy the greatest confidence m situ bunco sere modern Democracy u And who is Ttrngimmy senator Ob I fancy the readers of The World can guess IOn guessOn On the whole you havent a very good oiua of modern Democracy senator A CAUSTIC ornaos OF THE DEMOCRACY lTba Democratic party having neither CTSTICIIC convictions nor defined principles UJjvraUy allies itself with discontent and is I arrayed l atjaiatt social order It 1 strongest I atrtMublicard private morality weakest j I Its Mliilels are ii the south where society is i1 > fii ly feudal anti in great cities where ta Ignorant antI criminal elements arc most UJergelic It has no beliefs maxims or for IICrUC mete ft t creed is the instruction of Jefferson I Jeffer-son ilmt in a popular government wealth mteilioKM and morality are ultimately no 1 i l tc for numbers For twentyflvo years I its only pylcy has been to complain t op I i pose to deny t protest and ultimately to j acquiesce in what the Republicans have j done So when Cleveland came jn being without plans purpose policy his administration admin-istration Coundorcd pitiably both in domestic and foreign affairs w contemptible in many things and feeble in all and left abso lutely no impression whatever upon history eccept in tho matt of vetoing bills for pensions pen-sions and public buildings It followed Republican Re-publican methods and carried on Republicans idAuss so that when Harrison it Harrion was inaugurated inaugu-rated it was n if a stitch had been dropped merely and we have kept right along with our work Do you Imagine senator that Jlr Cleveland Cleve-land will be nominated again by tho Democrats Demo-crats for tho crt presidency TOE SEXATOn SATS CLEVELAND WILL BE IlENOUIKATED Oh ye Cleveland will b the nominee I in ISXi if Now York should be 1s even le divided L or against him This is inevitable I is written Ho will b first and the rest nowhere no-where Democracy never bad such n ideal exponent and representative His dull heavy ponderous wooden platitudes laboriously written out and committed to memory his stolid and shallow conceit his affectation of wisdom purity and patriotism and what ho calls his solemn sense of duty impress the average Democrat with a feeling of reverence like that which the Chinese laundryman feels for his Jo Senator you have said that the Democratic Demo-cratic administration left no impression on history What impression have recent Republican publican administrations leftr WI HAVE MADE KO UISTOKY FOB TWELVE An I admit the senator replied that ware w-are a nation which for the past dozen years has had no history In fact wo have never had a defined aggressive American policy Tho whole career of our country n a nation has been one of drifting There have been no vigorous or distinctive exhibitions of original orig-inal statecraft Wo have been going trough an age of material development The national na-tional energy instead of being shown in the direction of public affairs h confined itself t tbo colonization of desert spaces and the building up of new states in the wilderness The public service and public men n a rule have not kept pace with the material dovelop tneut of tuo country 1 do not men t say I that we have no great men but the public I service does not command the greatest b I cause tho highest rewards of intellectual activity ac-tivity amt moro satisfactory equivalents ore found in other avocations Public life has degenerated into a species of servitude and the inevitable tendency in popular governments govern-ments is towards mediocrity and pusillanimity pusillanim-ity Wiat is your idea i senator of a definite American policy f A CONTINENT rOts TIE rjJlUBIJCl The American policy shculd have for it object the unification of tho continent The Polar sea should b the northern boundary of the republic and the southern boundary should b the Iiiterocoanic canal Look at the existing conditions We have practically reached the limit of agricultural domain Wo have but 10000000 acres of arable lands left Wo aro approaching that period spoken of by Macaulay c dangerous t republican institutions when tho vast migrations t these undeveloped regions will have ceased and when the artisans and toiling masses concentrated con-centrated in tho large cities will havo no outlet out-let for their surplus number and no demand for their labor I might say the American idea is hemispherical rather than continental We have now 1 continuous line of railway I js r I THOUGHT I VAS GIYTXG YOU A LITTLE TOO sluen WATER to Mexico Tho next stop will bo an iron highway in the valley cf the Amazon I ex pest to see the valleys of tbo Mississippi and the Amazon linked together by the great agency of modern civilization The overflow of population will thus find peaceful fields of profitable effort So you think senator that after a while the whole boundless hemisphere will be oursr oursI I do Contiiicni first then hemisphere The idea i growing rapidly in this country especially In the west where the political power ol tkc republic is lodged Under the readjustment of political forces which has occurred in accordance with tho last census the sat of political power hn been transferred trans-ferred wejt of thaAllcgbany mountains That great region extending from Manitoba t the Gulf of Mexico and sweeping across the basin of tho Mississippi from tho Alloghanies to the Rocky mountains homogeneous in population geographically unified and with common interests politically socially and economically represents today the political power of this continents It has a majority of the aggregate representation in tbe lower house of congress and with tbo admission of tho new states a majority of tho votes in the senate end in the electoral lego The in terests of the west and south are identical and they should b unified Their alliance S upon all matters affecting their natural wel faro is inevitable I they coalesce they will I b invincible Wo shall hold the purse and I wield the sword of the nation and we shall I use them 110t for oppression but for justice The valleys of the Mississippi and Missouri with their tributaries from the Ito I-to tho Gulf form a magnificent empire that must havo a homogeneous population and a common cmmon destiny There arc people who would b surprised Ito I pplo srprs t learn that Senator Ingotls regarded the wiiUi us fit to associate with tho west pr t i I CLEVELAND SATISFIED NOBODY share tho same destiny observed The Sun day World representative It is not my fault that I am sometimes misunderstood said the senator Then he added reflectively These great communities communi-ties that were only separated by tho system of slavery have since its destruction been alienated by factions that have estranged them only to prey upon them and to maintain main-tain political supremacy by their alienation alien-ation Unfriendly legislation has imposed intolerable burdens their invidious I intolerblo upon energies vidious discrimination has been made against their products unjust tariffs have repressed I their industries While vast appropriations bare been made to protect the harbors of the Atlantic and the lake and to improve the navigation of inconsiderable streams the Mississippis waters are left choked with its drifting sands Eads with his daring energies ener-gies undertook at his own risk tho gigantic labor of compelling the great stream to dredga its own channel t the sn The ultimate mate coalition of all the political forces of this section is inevitable The west will then secure its emancipation from the control of the Atlantic seaboard This is one of the events of the near future We will then treat the Atlantic and Pacific appendages with justices in fact i might say with more justice than they havo hitheAo shown tons Then tho west you think senator is to b more potent than the east in working out tho destiny of this republic TIE STAB OF EMPIRE AJLTREADY GONE WESTWARD WEST-WARD The intellectual energy of this country has already transferred itself to the west The west i now tho theatre of tho combined energetic and potential forces of New England Eng-land and the middle states At this moment there aro more people of Connecticut ancestry living on the western reserve in Ohio than you will find in thostatcof Connection The future triumphs of tho AngloSaxon race will b accomplished in the valley of the Mississippi Missis-sippi a vast empire in itsalf and not in the valleys of the Thames or of tho Hudson or of the Delaware The at Dlwnr To people large very little know what a tremendous undercurrent of thought involving grand ideas is moving with irresistible force throughout the whole length and breadth of the west One of thee elements of public thought in this great region re-gion is the unification of the continent lAs a western man senator you have taken a lively interest in tho question oi transportation From an ironical remark you made I should supposo that you did not find things much improved by the interstate law commerce lawl TI1E CONSTANT A OF THE SENATORS LF uTa assistaud stimulate the development and improvement of the vast water system of tbo interior basin of tho continent extending extend-ing between tho AHcghany and the Rock mountains from Maine t the Gulf has beer S ono con51mt aim nl cndmvol of mv nhH S life l I have no sympathy nut with these political SI I economists who would array the poor against the rich with the empty and sonorous eta gogism which asserts that there is an irrepressible gogs pressible conflict between capital and labor and that would make indiscriminate war upon corporations as the natural enemies of tbo people but we are confronted with many I e economic problems chief among which is that of cheap transportation and I believe its i solution lies not in representative legislation legisla-tion but in competition between water Sand S-and railroads Under the constitutional I power of congress to regulate commerco b tween the states I have no doubt of the authority au-thority of the government to assume either partial or complete control of all tho great trunk lines of transportation and t regulate tho burdens that are imposed upon the productive pro-ductive labor of the country low can that b accomplished It can best Ixs done by establishing uniform uni-form rates offreight so as t prevent unjust discriminations between way and throng carriers ti by mi mUiijcut i system o internal t in-ternal improvement opening new or improving L im-proving old rates of transportation to tho seaboard The Atlantic communities by their Miporior thrift and vigilance have secured advantages which have enabled them hith I ftrto t dictate terms to the producers of tho et They have constructed thousands of miles of railroads and watered the stqck by ountless millions of dollars upon which tho iivideuds are paid from the exorbitant rates that the farmers of the Mississippi valley are jonipelled to pay for carrying food without which eastern commerce would languish and I the population s rve Tho great carrying business of the country i under the absolute ontrol of a few persons upon whoso edicts depends the prosperity of the nation By I their combination they are enabled t fix ti sets price control the supplies create se-ts demand or artificial scarcity and thus disturb dis-turb the whole basis of values in tho commercial com-mercial world With daring and admirable genius those monarchs have dovired and with inconceivable energy they have construct a system of highway the most wonderful known to man Your friendship for tho waterways do snot s-not interfere with yoar admiration for tbo greatness of tho railroad senator The capitalists of Bostpu have bored a tunnel five ailes long through D mountain of granite at nn expense of 20000ODO to reach this region vithout ascending an insignificant elevation of 1500 feet and to shorten the distance dis-tance but fortythree miles Now York lit is tho Erie and the Central with their conuec tons Philadelphia and Baltimore other independent in-dependent lines built at stupendous cost climbing mountains by inclined planes or piercing them by tunnels crossing great rivers L by viaducts that are miracles of engineering skill all t persuade our produce to flow t their respective markets I they would share the expenses of transportation with the cnS trlspor ton producers pro-ducers then thero would b less cause for complaint but the rates Ire established high enough to pay interest on tho bonds dividends divi-dends on stock the cost of operation deteri oration and waste of plant and extravagant salaries to swarms of ornamental officials Those who aro familiar with tbo railroad legislation and jurisprudence of the last dozen years and reflect that these gigantic expendi i lures are derived from tbo revenues of the roads can readily perceive why corn that may b worth 1 in New York in ordinary years only brings twenty cent in Missouri and Kansas Dot nature so bountiful to us in all thing usenet left us without peaceful methods meth-ods of r r It i not necessary that wo should use the railroads of eastern capitalists nor pay tribute into the collIers of eastern merchants utorf You mean the water cure J suppose son The water cure is i what I mean Water is a great blessing when put t its proper uss said tbftsenatorsmiling This propr sl snltr smin Thisgreatvalley tho great grain of the earth has gat empire erth bl no natural connection with tho Atlantic sca board Its rivers run south ant southward flow the currents of it atmosphere The gloomy mountain ranges that wall this valley inters their external obstacles t this enforced en-forced Intercourse Wo have an unequaled system of movable natural highways graded with a facility of descent unattainable by the ski of tho engineer It crosses no defiles t b spanned by costly viaducts of massive masonry There i no right of way to bo s cured from avaricious proprietors of the soil no barriers t b pierced by tunnels or a rendid by laborious ni hlbrious engines drarinz theIr reluctant trains No expensive appliances of I machinery are required t provide the power 11 j t move the vehicles that require transportation transporta-tion Nature has furnished the motive power I in i the momentum of the irresistible current that flows from tho melting snows of then the-n gathering force and volume n it descends de-scends through thousands of fertile leagues j its i wave now almost unmoved by l keel from tho mountain to tho s Thee rivers and their innumerable tributaries 0000 miles in length and draining the great food producing area of the world are the natural outlet for a the production of the vnley through which they flow They offer a p etual invitation the farmers of the west petual invittion t Q farer th1 wet t avail themselves of their cheap and accessible ac-cessible transportation MScnator it i the first time I have heardsti you grow s eloquent over water I rather expected that ho sid Ithougbtco I was giving you a little to much water Well Ill bo merciful and give you relief by changing the subject In the mean time let mo add that already by the improvement of tho mouth of the Mississippi New Orleans h become accessible for sea going vessels of he largest tonnage By the removal of tornw orary obstructions and the improvement of tho channel it is not improbable that meu now living will see ocean steamers from Liverpool Liv-erpool and London ascending the Mississippi and discharging and receiving cargoes at the port of St Louis I deinanogism necessary to success in palw icsr icsrThat That depends on what is meant by tho term Occasional surrender of individual judgment to public opinion i prudent and respectful deferonco t widespread error is tow and then expedient It is always well to keep tho plo star in view but when the wind i dead ahead a skillful navigator willw ether tack or drop anchor Our destiny senator you say is continental conti-nental l Our destiny is continental The Monroe doctrine is written on every map of the United States The tendency to absorption is irresistible The process will be peabefulv but our northern boundary must b theg Arctic canal circle and our southern the Isthmus lanalAnd And in tho way of our continental doe tiny senator shall wo have 1 war with England Eng-land other Iou I lad or any othe power owl ONLY ENEMY ESOLAUD AND SIS AFRAID OF us War No we shall have no wars With whom should wo fight And for vhnt We have no dangerous neighbors and no dependencies depen-dencies nor colonial possessions Wo are too I 2 t = tJ = i c I i I I = SOME THINGS 3IOUE VEXEUABLE THAN CHAB ns powerful and to necessary t tho happiness und sustenance of mankind Wo a at once She t S-he most pacific and this mot martial of the a nations but our relations with Franco arc hose of fraternity with Germany and Austria Aus-tria of cordial utility Wo have no enom I but England and sho is too vulnerable in i very quarter of tho globe aucl on every EC I togo t war with ns We haye an unsettlqi tl core with Great Britain for her malovoloi t insolence i but nothing is so improbable a war Hence there is no need of costty armament I monte Our standing army is only a nationa police force and tho demand for a navy comes from contractors from marine citi a whoso pusillanimous population pretend tt believe that their accumulations are in danger i dan-ger from foreign ironclads and from com nu j nities adjacent t ship and navy yards who desire to profit by such enterprise THE WASTING OF MILLIONS ON TilE NA YIn Y-In ten years the ships we are buildin g will b worthless either for attack or d 5 feiisc The millions we are spending might us well be with the gentleman whoso name 1 havo forgotten at tho bottom of the sc I With every industry depressed and a genera ii outcry for economy in administration in n time of profound peace we are dispatcbin F costly Heels at an enormous daily expend 1 tore on luxurious pleasure excursions to i play spectacular parts in the pageantry of the sea exchanging entertainments and hos pitalitics with other potentates drinking and carousing in foreign ports upon tho pretext I that such performances are necessary for th national honor and naticual defense I b leo a Democratic administration claims tbo distinction cf inaugurating tho policy for squandering our resources under the theory that we must 0 pparc to protect ourselves against somo unknown danger It is as absurd ab-surd as it must b for a secretary of the navy t start out on his morning walk down the avcniio with I Winchester over his shoulder a pair of revolvers in his belt and a bowie knife in each boot upon the idea i that some ruffian might attack him before reaching the Capitol Senator would you mind giving us your estimate of the ministration of President Harrison i TOO EARLY T GIVE A VERDICT OK lIAR KISOU Harrisons administration has boon much moro successful thus far than Clevelands was at tho end of his first year Cleveland satis led nobody and was openly and unsparingly I I denounced by his party organs It is a great mistake for a president t suppose that by neglecting his friends he can propitiate his enemies Cleveland got no support from the Republican party by olio wing Republicans to remain in omcc aim no uiiuuawu many vcm ocrats The most formidable error of Harrison Harri-son is in regarding himself bound to follow a pernicious precedent Cleveland saw his blunder a year too late to enable him to recover re-cover Most people are human and prefer that reformshould b tried on their enemies rather than on themselves And if President Harrison acts on this line he will have no trouble It is to early t predict what tho verdict will be Tho statistics do not exist Two years hence will b son enough Ho has had a rocky time S far but has acquitted himself with dignity courage and prudence His temperament is dispassionate but his ideals are high und I am confident that he approval will grow constantly in public estimation and A president pro tempera of the senate for several years your interpretation of that clause of the constitution which relates to the making of a quorum in ether house ofcon I gress would Ixs read with interest in view of the recent contest in the house of representatives representa-tives the interviewer suggested As president pro tempore of tho United States senate now replied tho senator I must decline at present t attempt any interpretation inter-pretation of the clause You havo never I think senator been i that is called a strict constructionist of the constitution I NOT A 1 STRICT COXSTHUCTIONIST I STmC CQXSRtCOIS That question I cannot answer trI tr-I said tho senator thanby referring you t somo remarks which I had occasion t make on the subject in the course of debate in the senate the other day And ho turned over a file of Tho Congressional Record till he came to the report of a speech from which ho read as follows re M President tho people of the United States have a reasonable degree of respect for the constitution con-stitution but they aro not afraid of it A constitution consti-tution i I growth not a manufacture and the constitution of 1800 by reason of the operation of the will of the pconls who made it ia v4t I raffercni instrument weIss the constltatton oI1783 Its authors would not know it They made it for sec purposes not for the object enabling I counTry lawyers t devise definitions not for the purpose of interposing barriers and obstacles t < the will of tho peoplo of the United States The i constitution was made not by tho states but byte by-te people of the United States In order to form I a moro perfect Union establish justice insure domestic tranquillity provide for the common de I ten promote the general welfare and secWs tho r bi blessings liberty ourselves anti ourposwrity This constitution is perpetually iuvokea by the narrow rigid and illiberal construe tionists t interpose an insuperable barrier against every effort to letter th condition of tho people The people of the United States do not regard the constitution with superstition supersti-tion or awe They know that there are some thing moro venerable than charters more sacred than constitutions and thaw are the rights and tho privileges which charters and constitutions were ordained to establish and t maintain At every stago of national owth and we have been met gwth progress Ln by th o interposition bf these minute and moon Yerous propositions that the constitution was a barrier against the determined and res ol ute will of the people recollect that there w as a great demonstration that there was no p ower in the constitution t coerce n state which saw fit t go out of the Union But we found it We found it somewhere in its latent recesses public welfare1 blessings of li ibcrty Wherever it might b we found it Vo are told that tho abolition of slavery was without warrant in the constitution but we ound the warrant and when wo found it cult not bo douo in tho letter it was amend e by the sword It i n fair warning to t hose who attempt to insist upon tho verbal and lingual interpretations against the will o if the people that whenever tho elasticity he capacity t carry out tho wishes and the will of tho peoplo is not sufficient there will Jways b found a way to amend it Although he doe not say so himself it is pretty certain that the speech which gave the s enator moro solid comfort than any other bo e delivered was his celebrated ono of March 2 51SSO in which while indulging in his fa v orite pastime of abusing Mr Cleveland he g ave the Mugwumps 1 furious lashing As he still stands by tho sentiment then e pre ho did not consider it necessary to give the interviewer any new expressions of his estimate of civil service reform What i tho greatest bookin tho English l language Senator Ingalls was asked The senator reflected a moment then stepped over to a bookcase and taking down a small Bible turned over a few pages The book of Job he said is the oldest and in my judgment tho highest production o if tho human intellect It is specially inter c stingbecauso it shows that humanity at tho dawn of history was engaged in considering bo same problems that perplex us now immortality im-mortality the existence of evil tho afflictions aud misfortunes of the good in this world and ho prosperity of the wicked Wo have made 10 progress in solving thc problems Tho barriers are insurmountable The centuries aro silent The soul struggles aspires beats is i wings against tho bars flutters and disappears disap-pears I it within tho capacity of statesmanship to give tho poor a better chance and t make 0 more equal l distribution of wealth Is tin world better than it was Are the people happier I religion growing or declining Will poverty ever be Wi pverty extinguished This has been the great problem of government gov-ernment since history began Tho differences between men are inherent Some are thrifty sagacious industrious sober enterprising others are dull lazy dissolute and careless Then wo must admit there something which for want of a better name wo call luck s that tho dish is i always right side up when it i rains All men cannot b rich famous and happy There Is not enough t go round But the discontented the disontente unfortunate the wretched attribute their calamities t everything every-thing elso rather than t themselves They blame society and government for their fail uro and attribute tho success of their com pctitors to the injustice of statutes All that legislation can do is t protect the weak from the oppression of the strong tho poor against the exactions of the rich give all equal opportunity op-portunity equal privilegenssd an equal chanci i tho race of I tfe The world isitoadily improving proving The boundaries of human happiness are enlarging Tho poorest artisan now bos opportunities op-portunities for enjoyment for improvement for study for cure iu sickness for tho preservation preser-vation of health for the joy of living that five centuries ego were boyond tho reach of kings srerty Poverty will never abolished nor misery mis-ery nor pain nor disease They are inseparable insepa-rable from the state of humanity Were all men contented and secure progress would ceaso and tho race would expire The ago is essentially devout and religious The mind has ben largely emancipated from superstition supersti-tion and from creeds and has entered upon an excursion that cannot b foretold but that is certain to b momentous The authority of tho church has undoubtedly been greatly weakened and impaired but this does not imply that religion i retrograding As the rnco advances it clothes God with higher attributes at-tributes and dignifies him with more lofty functions because it is capable of nobler conceptions con-ceptions The gloomy and inexorable God of the Puritans has disappeared He has been succeeded by I Supromo Being of infinite mercy tenderness and goodness a ruler a lawmaker a legislator subject to limitations and restraints imposed by his own perfections perfec-tions There was profound truth iu tbo declaration declara-tion of Voltaire that i there were no God it would ba necessary for man to invent ono This was flippant and irrovcrent perhaps but true God i indispensable Man perceives per-ceives this and the higher his development tho more distant is his perception The popularity popu-larity of Ingersoll and his school Is not an indication in-dication of infidelity but is rather the strongest strong-est evidence of tho religious spirit of the times its receptivity its eagerness for instruction instruc-tion its hunger and thirst for knowledge about what cal never bo known No age has ever been so profoundly moved by the consideration con-sideration of tho problems of tbo her after n this and I have no doubt that in re spouse to list search for Mernal truth another made Chrlt will coma and another revelation b MANHOOD SUFFRAGE I TiE THING I What should b done with tho Louisiana otteryJ Tilt LOTTERY ULCER SHOULD BE CAUTERIZED It Is a plague spot a moral ulcer that should b cauterized it is a disgrace to our j i civilization that it Is permitted to use tho mails and the post office department t de I baucb and plunder the nation to the extent of 20000000 or 30000000 every year1 How long will it bo before the last pensioner pen-sioner connected with the lato war for the Union becomesextinct And how much will this government then have paid the tbi goverment pensioners pension-ers of that war A 84000000000 ESTIMATE OP THE TOTAL WAIl PENSIONS According to the tables of mortality the last surviving soldier of the war for the Union will expire between 1WO and 1950 but the pension roll will rapidly diminish long before that time Pensions to widows and dependent relatives will however continue for a much longer Before the for period Bofor account ac-count Is 1 finally closed I think the crnvern ment will havo paid not less than four thousand thou-sand million dollars Dont c think that some day the e Cnfederte will be admitted t the pension roll of the United States The senator paused t reflect and his rather hard face mote into l playful smile a ho answered ltwill not b surprising if some p revision if i iJtimately made for pensioning tho oxConfederatq soldiers should the Democratic Demo-cratic party bo restosl to power Dont you think that senators and representatives repre-sentatives are poorly paid for their work I It is i impossible the government to compete with private employers in compensation compen-sation for special services Legislation i not an occult science anddocs not onlt sene nmldo require unusual unus-ual faculties or extraordinary attainments The ordinary business of congress can b successfully conducted by the average merchant mer-chant or lawyer I affords opportunity for tho exercise of the highest powers but good sold common sense and industry are the e sentials The government should only pay what is necessary to secure such services as are requisite for the performance of it work Salaries should b sufficient for decent support Politics hn Len a favorite pursuit for men of ambition and energy in aU n e and will probably continue t be for all time to come But ua one i compelled t dedicate himself to the public service It i voluntary and if the conditions are unsatisfactory there is no obstacle t retirement While it would b agreeable to receive more my impression i that if salaries were doubled expenses would b doubled and the result would b tho same Probably a majority both houses receive a much noW a they could earn in any other capacity for tho sense amount of work Can Germany senator manage to get along without Bismarck Will civilization and prepress o by Bismarcks retirement Will Europe still continue to havo abler statesmen than America And will European statesmanship continue to have a greater influence in-fluence than American statesmanship upon tho destinies of nations NO ONE LNO EVEN CLEVE LANDI I No man i indispensable Lincoln died at 7 in the morning and at 10SO the government was running along n if ho had never existed Perhaps the country would survive the temporary tem-porary silence and retirement of Grover Cleveland So Germany will probably stagger stag-ger along without Bismarck though he 1 one of the most potential forces in European politics Bravo men lived before Agamemnon Agamem-non and whenever there is an emergency or a crisis there eie a leader But the dominant r domi-nant power on the globe now is and for centuries cen-turies will continue to b the United States of America It is in this arena that the final eonguc of civilization n to b accom IV oiiiunE in no cotTer I wo and a restricted restrict-ed franchise and what kind of qualification would apply property education or length of residence To your spain question I would answer ideally yes pT > cticaIly no Any excluded class in I popular government inevitably comes ho ie A citizen who is denied rights that others enjoy becomes a conspirator Undoubtedly Un-doubtedly it would b better i everj votpr could read and write S it would b better if every voter were healthy moral well dressed with a balance in tbe bank > but this is unattainable Manhood suffrage is the thing There are plenty of men who ar illiterate literate yet good citizens and lots of fellows who have money and can speak seven or eight languages who are scoundrels To make property or education the condition con-dition of suffrage and citizenship would b an absurdity In addition t these considerations considera-tions any political party that sbauld advocate advo-cate such restrictions would incur the animosity ani-mosity of those t be excluded without securing curing reenforcements from any quarter S with regard to a amendment of naturalization natural-ization laws requiring longer residence before foreigners could vote unless both parties should the Initiative coucur neither would dare to take |