Show t ROW HOW THE PARALYSIS IS CAUSED 1 1 1 i ot of the Normal Spinal 5 laal Cord A 2 y Between Cord Corti and i b Sensory I Celal c e linter 31 Cells Cellai d Spinal Nerves Nerve Hoot a s lib Cord Id r 2 of ot Infection lar E Eo sr srn r I Germs Germ Filtering Through b ac acea s and Info lus lu n Anterior Anteri Part of Cord Cordi f t With Uh Blood d cI c cS the Nert X S L The rhe Work d G GJ J x Anterior Portion at of If the Cur Cord Pilled Filled with nUb Sensory i a q t and aad stator Motor Cells Cell r v fired bed U d aua tu d 1 the fibs Shrunken DID Nerves Nerve r x 1 I IE r E c I a t I r rc t aT s F Paralysis D ra I ru Lerm 91 R erm or ison 4 About V 1 I i g v the Crudest In InQ Ini ft and Mysterious Q i c E Scourge Scour Sc o u rge de Which Wh ich Turns Turn c ciL iL MR Over Otter flight ight a Healthy Health v Baby L t fF q w i into a Helpless IJ 1 1 C I f fInto L r r I V An Infantile Paralysis Sufferer Strengthening Withered Arms and Shoulders Upon an Apparatus Invented by Professor of Berlin This Method Has Produced Great Improvement in Patients THE THi enormously increasing cases of f infantile that in moat meat of diseases M I h in a night turna a a baby inti a hopeless hope has set every great medical Institution In the United Unit p I f Ba t es 9 and Europe to work in the I effort to determine the tile I II I tine iut of the scourge and its Ita remedy I certain theories held by I ti tit medical world thin thU t season the I Ji ln r i fing spread of the th malady has haa I 1 the search even even though t I the fact that of the hundreds of thou thousands thousands sands of cases 96 per cent are crip crippled crippled I pled pied for tor life Ufe 3 per cent recover re over and 1 per cent die were not enough For Fo Forone one o e thing it had been be n confidently held he Id I that Infantile paralysis was caused by bya a germ In another that it persisted I II only during hot weather and the cool I weather showed a 8 minimum of cases I Irhe The rhe cold weather killed it This year saw a comparatively mild mUd summer and particularly so in the communities which show the greatest increase of the disease In Middle Middletown Middletown I town and other Connecticut cities an anterior anterior anterior poliomyelitis eUtis as the tho disease is I I technically called appeared in epi epidemic epidemic Ii demic form Schools have been closed clo ed edin in the hope of stopping the spread of the disease and the same course has been pursued in Washington D C Cand Cand Cand and in other cities but without very ery much sw s success ceas 8 S it has also been found that babies are less liable to be attacked as are ba babies babies babies bies and that no amount of caution in the matter motter of food or prevents the infection The New York state Mate board of health has added it to the list of diseases dise ses that mutt muil mu be quarantined and report reported ed by physicians phy Should an epidemic develop the health department d has declared its intentions of closing clotin the schools and md the half million school children will willbe willbe willbe be kept at home until conditions im improve Improve Improve prove it has been discovered that in many cases there has been not no I knowledge on Oft the part of parents and physicians as to the true meaning moaning of o 0 othe the in some Home cases ca es slight alight spasms and nausea which accompany the disease and the fact that the child chUd has had in infantile infantile infantile paralysis Is not known until perhaps for days dB when an arm or leg begins slowly to weaken or some other muscular deformity develops and it is also al o known to medical science that much of what is simply as curvature of the tho spine abdominal II V joint disease and other deforming diseases have had their origin in an unnoticed or un attack of oC the paralysis And Anil further the scourge does dOM not coming contIn itself to babies but attacks children even 6 to 10 years rears old It would not seem to the layman per perhaps perhaps haps taps that the overturning of the well grounded ed theory that the disease is le I caused by bo a germ is a hopeful one I Yet Y t medical science ce considers that progress even to this doubt Is great advance where such a mysterious disease dis disease disease ease is concerned That it is fie infectious has been proven to the satisfaction of physicians of or the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Re Research Research Research search which has led in the battle upon the disease Experiments under the direction dir of Drs Simon Flexner and tand Paul A Lewis upon monkeys have shown them this Dr Flexner concludes that the disease must be in included included Included among the infectious tl maladies and that it is caused by a minute organism or germ which IE is so 80 small 8 that It cannot be detected by the tire strongest t microscope and read readily readily ily passes through a 8 Berkefeld filter a Ii contrivance which successfully iso isolates isolates lates all other bacteria On the other hand surgeons such as I Dr HL It H W V Frauenthal head of oC the hospital for tor deformities and joint dis diseases diseases diseases eases hi ht New York are inclined to the belief teat the disease d e IB is bis to aVery avory a very virulent and active poison polson generated in inthe Inthe inthe the intestinal canal Whether a poison polson or a germ the latest researches have shown that the agent operates entirely on the spinal cord the cellular nerve structure of which it destroys destros It affects only the anterior t v forepart of the cord When hen henIts Its work werk is j done the nerves surround surrounding ing the affected portion Dortlon are in the same plight t as 88 the roots of oC a tree the soil soU around which has been poisoned or polluted The nerves nerve wither starve and finally tUe le The muscular portion of the body which Ue have bae con controlled controlled controlled trolled deprived of i force and feeding f directions finally withers also Hence come distorted backs shrunken arms and legs and twisted races Paces The hospital of which Dr Frauen Frauenthal Frauenthal thal thai is the head hood treats thousands of cases of or infantile paralysis a year ear By I that one means that th t the hospital treats the aftereffects because the blight blighting blighting ing cause itself is I so 50 sudden that noth nothing nothing 1 ing can be done to check It once it has hasI started The real work ork of saving I comes in after atter the paroxysm sm has spent Itself Then begins the task tank of getting the nerve nene affected and the muscle that that nerve feeds feNIs back to normal Dr Frauenthal from his moat most re ro recent recent cent researches cannot tell whether a f Poison oison or ora a germ is responsible But Buthe Buthe Buthe he believes belleos that the p poison pelson ison or a germ germIs Is generated in the intestinal canal It then most moat probably is carried by b the nerves of oC the sympathetic system whose great brain is l the solar olar plexus to the spinal spin l cord cordIn I In its passage pa age to the front or an anterior anterior anterior part it causes of ot blood in the vertebra Locating in the front of the cord it breaks down the cells of which the gray matter of oC the cord is 18 composed and a amash amash amash I mash of broken cells and blood gathers Paralysis of limbs limb face and other portions of oC the body controlled or in sympathy with the nerves em emanating emanating emanating from the affected parts fol follows follows follows lows If It the breaking down own is very great death ensues The Rockefeller Institute surgeons are still convinced that a minute germ is la responsible for the disease But they the admit that although various bacteria have from time to time been isolated in cultures from the fluid obtained ob obtained obtained by b puncturing the lumbar sec section section section tion of the spinal column of patients suffering from the disease or from specimens of the central nervous system system system tem removed at autopsy au to these germs did not conform to any an one species of oC microorganisms and were unable to reproduce the disease in Dr Flexner believes they the are to be re regarded regarded regarded more as secondarily Invading bacteria than as the cause of ot the dis disease disease disease ease itself The bacteria cannot be found in the blood of children suffering from the disease nor 1101 from one who has died from It But about a year ago the Institute secured the spinal cord from two cases of fatal paralysis paral in children chil children children dren and elaborate experiments have since been conducted upon animals As Asa a result Dr Flexner concludes that the virus epidemic poliomyelitis ob obtained obtained obtained from the spinal cord when in introduced Introduced Introduced into the body bod by means of either the brain the blood peritoneum spinal canal or large nerves tends to localize in the spinal cord and brain and produce typical in infantile Infantile infantile paralysis Experiments made to produce infection infection Infection tion by b feeding the virus to monkeys were unsuccessful It was also deter determined determined determined mined that not only the spinal cord itself but the fluid contained In the spinal column of ot a person suffering from the disease is capable of setting up the disease In animals The blood of Infants suffering from tho the disease injected into monkeys uniformly failed to produce paralysis paral Dr Flexner found that the abnormal abnor abnormal abnormal mal conditions in the spine and medulla medulla lla oblongata were visible to the naked eye and consist of congestion and hemorrhage of blood In the gray mat matter matter matter ter chiefly although the white matter was also similarly affected to a certain degree The severest lesions occur at atthe atthe atthe the points in the spinal cord corre corresponding corresponding to the most marked paral paralysis paralysis paralysis ysis of muscle groups Another interesting conclusion ar arrived arrIved arrived rived at from these experiments by the surgeons at the Rockefeller Institute is that immunity is afforded by an at attack attack tack of the disease and no patient can have it twice It is a curious fact that although scientists succeeded in producing the disease In monkeys that were Inoculated with the spinal virus Irus they were unable to produce similar results with other animals It Is certain that as far as Dreven creven tion lion of the disease or of its ita treatment tr while the paroxysm 1 ie iiI on is Ia concerned success is as far faraway away as ever eer it was as But the happy happ part te Is that the effects i of paralysis can be cured To t e say ray they can be cured in is all cases would wold i 1 ibe Ibe be going too far tar but in tn the war against agal t such a devastating horrible 1 mysterious disease as ae this the fact that the part of the ord lord af affett affected feete fett J can an bt be relieved or of if it Ih t M td lod x d In Irv that the cells cellI run can an b I r l land and with them th Ju the withered nerves s sd and d withered lt is i warrant wr nt that tome some e time medical will be bt abi abito to wipe out all the effects of this UP II AT scourge Scour re even een en if i it is not able to tu 11 j 1 ir 1 r vent the plague from striking |