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Show UINTAn BASIN RECORD Historical Treasure Found by Store Clerh FAMOUS s' Wagner Act ed States upheld the Wagner labor Decisions relations act, I doubt that there is more than a mere handful of people in this nation who are able to comprehend the full significance of those decisions of the highest court The chances are, if our present form of government remains and we continue to adhere to our Constitution, the full Wagner act import of the decisions (there were five of them) will not be discovered within a Quarter of a century. No decision of the Supreme court In several decades contains the wide range of potentialities found in the decisions of April 12 and it may well be that the findings of the court at that time will constitute a turning point in United States history. There are so many potentialities to be found in the Wagner act decisions that one may reasonably express a doubt whether states have any rights left. Likewise, one may express a doubt whether labor and the friends of labor have won or lost in the determination by the high court that the National Labor Relations board has power to compel an employer to deal with a majority of his workers, organized Into union form. Above and beyond these phases lies another, namely, the question whether the United States congress does not also have the power to legislate strikes out of existence. First, 1 am convinced in reviewing the courts action that there has been a tremendous amount of misinformation spread about the findings of the court. Never in my period of service in Washington have I seen so many different constructions placed upon an official act. We have seen and heard unmeasured criticism of the court for turning business over to the labor unions; we have witnessed a renewal of attacks on the Supreme court because it did not go far enough to the radical side in granting power to congress and the President, and we have been deluged with talk of what can now be done in a legislative way to carry out Mr. Roosevelts theme song, The More AbunThe truth is, however, dant Life. that the Supreme court in deciding the Wagner act cases actually restated in a clarified manner a position the court took twelve years ago. It was in 1925 that the court decidsecond Coronado ed the coal mining case. In that opinion, the court laid down the rule, although it was obscured, that obstacles to production constituted an interference with interstate commerce. In the cases this month, the court reaffirmed and restated that very theory of law and government, because it declared in the Jones and Laughlin Steel company case that failure of the employer to permit settlement of the strike through an official agency of the government constituted interference with interstate commerce. Hitherto, the conception jf interstate commerce generally has been limited to transportation of goods or communication across state lines. To show the similarity, it is necessary only to recall that striking miners attempted to close entrances to the Coronado mines in Colorado. The cases went to the Supreme court which held that illegal attempts i.o close the mines constituted an interference with shipment of the products into interstate commerce. So, I am quite convinced that the job the Supreme court did in this instance and as far as it relates to the orgy of New Deal theories consists only of clarifying the legal definition of interstate commerce. Laymen are not concerned with legal technicalities, nor do they understand them, but they do understand facts and it was n case upfacts in the on which the court predicated its decision notwithstanding the wild acclaim by New Dealers for the enlightened construction of the Constitution in that opinion. Jones-Laughli- to point out what the Wagner act decisions mean and how far they go is Shies at bound to lead into Discussion 8 maze of complicated discussion. I have no intention of getting myself so entangled despite the degrees in law that I hold. I am a firm believer In the declaration that human nature works out its problems after the manner of slow and orderly development. But there are certain circumstances connected with the present court rulings and conditions of tills day that may probably be discussed without becoming Involved in despised legal technicalities. I mentioned earlier that If the court, as it did, could find that obstruction of production constituted Interference with interstate commerce, it seems quite obvious that interference may come from employees as well as employers. It is a fact, theiefore, that when the steel company here concerned refused to obey the mandate of the Any attempt an ' j vi Washington, D, C. I Although It has Washington. been three weeks since the Supreme court of the Unit- - , j? National Topics Interpreted by William Bruckart' National Pres .Building s National Labor Relations board it prevented a settlement of a strike. It must be a fact, therefore, that n a strike of the type constitutes interference with production and consequently interferes with interstate commence. The next conclusion, and it seems perfectly obvious, is that if congress can legislate against employer and prevent him from interfering with interstate commerce, it can legislate to prevent the workers from interfering with interstate commerce. Now, we come to the point, mentioned earlier, of the danger inherent in any situation where congress starts legislating on the question of human rights. Congresses before this time have been fair and congresses hereafter may be fair in enacting legislation dealing with the delicate matter of human rights. But where is the assurance that they will tio so? How can we tell but that at some future time a congress subservient to big business may decide to lay down ridiculous rules about employment. It is possible, for example, that some congress may say that employers may not hire workers above fifty years of age. They seem to have that power if they can make it appear that age becomes important to the maintenance of constant production. I admit this sounds ridiculous. I intended that it should sound ridiculous. It has been mentioned as an extreme case to show what may be possible if these new powers are not wisely used. It exemplifies, moreover, what a factor uncertainty is when too much power has been granted any agency of the government, be it national or state or if If A V e Xs 9k Executed! By FLOYD GIBBONS V y ' J H ..sfXv'- A- - ;. , '( $. ' Vi - '' f r "f; , ' - ; vvr ij . v w .. ' i A v ...vf 3 A- - ' fJ ' 4 "X .,5 - - , 'RANK WHITTIE of New York city picked up about South American revolutions the other day reminded him of the time he was wandering around ft zuela and ran right smack into one of those tough little 5 acre revolutions himself. v .. ; A v ' i - ,.s u ifr inFftiM,lii)i(1fiir'tliiiiIiiiliHftYiift.flfiiliiifti8iillKift,iiiiMWF vif near d departmer. store clerk who accidentally discovered in Marin county, Beryle Shinn, historical a San Francisco, a small metal plate, subsequently identified as the plate of brasse, treasure by which Sir Francis Drake claimed California lands for England in 1579. Dr. Herbert E. Bolton of the University of California (left) being shown by Beryle Shinn, the discoverer, the location of the find. twenty-six-year-ol- long-soug- ELDERLY CADDY New Departure in Dentistry ? (if , V s. Sfcvr j , , Caught in Middle of a Revolution. j were looking forward to a decent meal and something bei than swamp water to drink. But as they approached the town they hei firing in the distance, and as they came closer they saw that Coro virtually in a state of siege, surrounded by government soldiers. other one of those South American revolutions had sprung up overM and Coro was no safe place to be ini What to do? You know those little South American revolutic-- j j sometimes more cruel and bloody fought with less regard lor hjg life than the big wars of Europe. If they went on theyd be r;i the thick of it. And if they turned back over that long jungle they mi starve before they could cover the distance to the nearest town. 1 they were deliberating, the matter was decided for them. Half a k soldiers appeared suddenly on the road ahead and began firing. Frank pulled the big Norwegian down on the ground. Eaf whipped out a white handkerchief and waved it. The soldiers took them prisoners, marched them into town. They were searched' and questioned. In vain did Frank and the Norwegian protest that they were not revolutionists that they knew nothing aboil' a revolution. They were thrown into a hare, dirty cell, fed some! j beans, and left there. dirty, I the Facing Firing Squad. The days rolled on. Frank wrote note after note to the Amtl consul, but he found out later that they were never delivered 1 The;- - ia It was up in the town of. Coro on the north coast. In the ye In the spring of that year Frank found himself out of a job and bt f Lagonillas, and wandered from there to Maracaibo looking There he met up with a stranded Norwegian sailor, and the them started hiking for Caracas. But they never got to Caracas and as far as Frank is co cerned, he just hasnt any hankering to go there. It was pretty tough going that trip overland from Maracaibo way was through dense jungle, full of snakes and animals. They & dirty swamp water and were glad to get it The towns we i and far between, and they were half starved on entering evens They were about all in when they arrived at the outskirts of Coro, . r. V half-cook- to touch upon some of the unsettled issues resulting from the courts nouncement: All that has Issues been obtained under the Wagner act decisions is complete recognition of the right of organized labor groups to bargain collectively free from employer domination. The principle of majority rule is laid down. An employer must deal with the representatives of a majority of his workers. The rights of the minority, whether that minority be a company union or an independent union are rather much overshadowed although they can present their grievances to the National Labor Relations board. It is in that situation that trouble is foreseen. Most of the recent strikes have resulted from disputes over union recognition. Largely this union recognition question resulted from the maneuverings and agitation by John L. Lewis and his Committee for Industrial Organization. But it is not to be forgotten that the American Federation of Labor has several million members in its craft unions. Thus, it can easily be foreseen that the National Labor Relations board is going to be confronted many times with a fight between the C I. O. and the A. F. of L. Each one of these organizations will claim that it represents a majority of the workers and, therefore is entitled to be the spokesman for all of an employers workers. Most of us have seen how bitter Internal labor rows can become. I am sure that most of my readers will recall cases within their own knowledge where carpenters and bricklayers have fought it out over the question of which one was to do certain work in construction. It has happened hundreds of times and each time bitter hatred has developed. When the right to speak for a whole body of employees becomes the question for determination, it seems to me perfectly obvious that the controversy will develop into one of white heat And the labor board will have to decide which one should serve as the employees representative. In the meantime, the employer can have nothing to say. Now, I & I Si V " v V: , , Dr. James E. Bliss (above left), instructor in prosthetics at Western Known only as Jim, this Reserve universit; at Cleveland, Ohio, is shown performing a new denman is one of the most tistry technique, which ensures that the face of a patient will look the same after a new set of teeth have been put in as before. In this scene picturesque figures of the British he is applying a plastic substance to the patient's face, which will harden golfing world. A caddy at the links near London, Jim is on into a mask, and he is having the patient photographed before the the job rain or shine. teeth are extracted. eighty-two-year-o- ld Sun-ninda- le Queen and Children at Concert Near-Centenari- Prefers In Another Ten Seconds Both of Them Would Corn-Co- b cell faced a courtyard where recruits were being drilled all day and Frank, who knew a little Spanish, began talking to them. 0: cruit in particular took a liking to him, and told him there was an lean, Senor King, living in town, who might help him. Frank's leaped when he heard that. King was an old boss of his in Lagc and knew him welL Frank wrote a note to King and sent It out by his friend the Rd He wrote a half dozen more in the days that followed, but son.: King never got any of them. And finally, on the ninth day of their ceration, he heard that they were going to be taken out that m t to face a firing squad. It was true. Soldiers came and unlocked their cell. Frankj and the Norwegian were taken out and blindfolded. They sto.fi with their backs to an adobe wall, and over at the other side oC the court they could hear the Venezuelan soldiers loading tbc.fi rifles. A native officer shouted an order to take aim. In snotli.'l 1 ten seconds both of them would be dead. h And then, suddenly, Franks friend the recruit came dashing courtyard, Frank heard him crying exci.edly that Senor King - j side getting a permit for a revolver, and knew the message was for him. If he could only reach King or get his attention some! Mrs. Abigail Leffingwell, of Los Angeles, ninety-eigh- t years young, as she appeared in her latest perma- HUimmiUDUliW.i' A J ,UsJ.l.WlLliJ(VjJWU.jUU hi'-it X - ' - x : .'.f ' ' ' V a ; 1 A; s ' i V ' I ' v? A A , $r ' r fcv A 1 K r a vt Blindfold Dash to Get to King. . 4 Queen Elizabeth of England and her two daughters, Princess Eliza beth (left) and Princess Margaret Rose as they attended a concert recently at Central hall, Westminster. The concert was for London nent wave. She believes in modern pipe things, but prefers her corn-coto those modern cigarettes. b children. New Type Television Receiver Developed - sy yssy w yyyw. y'Y---- ' vY; j Says Frank: I was blindfolded, but my arms and legs were I didnt have a second to lose, so I did the first thing that popP-my mind. I grabbed my friend the Norwegian by the arm andse a dash for it. I Frank didnt get anywhere in his blindfolded dash. But he i get shot either. The native soldiers were so surprised that the I their fire. Straight across the court ran Frank and the Norwegian. J ing over the swarthy little men who tried to stop them, tugging j cloths that bandaged their eyes and bumping into everything rj way. Frank doesnt know what or who he bumped into. He see. But he could hear well enough to realize that they were ci a commotion. The uproar could be heard for blocks. Officers, judges, town officials came running to the coui see what was the matter. And with them came King. A .hat time Frank had his bandage off. He saw King and V . ari to him. King saw Frank and recognized him. What doing here? he wanted to know. And Frank told him aha happened. King turned to one of the city officials. Angrily he told what the American consul would do when he heard that an had been imprisoned without reason and sentenced to death trial. Then he turned around and walked off in a rage, vowing have the United States navy down there if Frank wasnt turned the following day. The Venezuelans hustled Frank and the h back Into their cell on tire courtyard. But early the next morning an armed guard let them out. aboard a special train and took them down to the seacoast to Vela. There they were put aboard a schooner and told they 1 a All of this may sound a bit fanit may sound as an attempt to borrow trouble. It is neither. The situation is dis- tastic; ,Y: the cussed for reason that it is quite apparent there will be new attempts in congress now to write legislation controlling hours and wages. Representative Connery of Massachusetts, speaking as chairman of the house labor committee, declared the other day that such legislation would be drafted and he entertained no doubt that it would pass the house. Conditions in the senate are different, but Mr. Connerys opinion must be accepted as worthwhile In so far ns the house is concerned. Thus, If congress undertakes such legislation it is confronted with the necessity of doing something by way of amendment of the Wagner act that will make union labor comply with federal regulation Instead of leaving the Wagner act as it is. In other words, labor Is entitled to its dues, to its fair share of profits, but it seems to me it is also entitled to be as subservient to law as those who pay the wages. $ Western Newspaper Union. Be Dead I iMfk I;- -- WNU How Ducks Migrate Wild ducks migrating between the United States and Canada follow the ... same routes as their parents and grandparents followed, according to observations made by a government naturalist. Four main the Atlantic, the Mississippi, Central and Pacific are followed by the same families of ducks from generation to generation. This division of birds al jng different routes Is by families, not by species, which means, says Pathfinder Magazine, that If the birds along any one route were exterminated, it would be a long time before it could be repopuiated, even though birds of the same species were numerous along other routes. fly-wa- k X, 4 . i one-side- d 'A Students at the California Institute of Technology at Fasadena examining a new tvpe of television receiver developed at the institute by Harry R. Lubeke. A television demonstration proved a major attraction as 10,000 visitors jammed the show rooms of the schooL Service, Gestures As gestures may be eF in feeling or of thought licence j proval, scorn, acqu: Indicate8! ( fusal, they may also :rf onism or opposition, j of the knights of old shaking of their lanCs. t I tures of defiance. , jf says Literary Digcstthat lj! ondary significance o out of the Insincerity mere gesture may beJjfr( I f tation or of shallow such gestures are ra ly to women, and to Ing politicians given tures which, although r '! press, generally end hypocrisy. 1 |