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Show THE BULLETIN GERONIMO SURRENDERS! OUR INDIAN WARS END By ELMO SCOTT WATSON FIFTY years ago this month wars came to au end. On September 4. 1886, Geronimo, the Apache, formally surrendered to Gen. Nelson A. Miles and that surrender marked the close of a bitter conflict between the red and white Taces which had been carried on intermittently for more than two centuries and a half. It had begun away back in 1622 when Chief Opechancan-oug- h and his Powhatan warriors had attacked the little settlement of Jamestown in Yir- - Good Reason to Ilate There is no doubt but that an unprovoked attack upon Gero-nimGEN. NELSON A. MILES ginia and killed a number of his inhabitants. Opechancanough was the first of the great chieftains who tried to stem the tide of white invasion of this country. He was to be followed by others in the same futile effort. King Philip, the Wampanoag, tried it and was killed in the trying, as Opechancanough had been. Pontiac, the Ottawa, sought to do it by a confederation of tribes and failed. Little Turtle, the Miami, dreamed the dream of Pontiac until it was shattered under the thundering hoofs of "Mad Anthony" Waynes dragoons at the Battle of Fallen Timbers. Tecumseh, the Shawnee, also attempted to rally the tribesmen to a concerted resistance to the hated palefaces but his attempt went the way of Pontiacs and Little Turtles. Osceola, the Seminole, Black Hawk, the Sauk, and Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse of the Sioux strove mightily to hold the land of their fathers against the invaders but they, too, failed. So for 250 years the white man and the Indian made war on each other and then made peace. Then one or the other broke faith and the whole sorry business of treachery and revenge and slaughter of the innocent as well as the guilty w as taken up again. Of all the Indian tribes who tried to resist American attempts to civilize them, none put up a longer or more des -- people by the Mexicans gave him ample cause to hate the men of that nation. Whether or not he was equally justified in his hatred for the Americans is more questionable. Certainly the unjustified murder of who became chief of the Bedonkohe Apaches after the death of Chief Maco, and the indignities suffered by Cochise, chief of the Chokonen (Chirica-hua- ) Apaches, were not calculated to endear Americans, either military or civilian, to any Indian of that tribe. At any rate, Geronimo seems to have been an apt pupil of Cochise in the art of hating the white men and, in the art of making war on them, he added a few ideas of his own to those which his predecessors had contributed. In 1876, as a result of depredations committed in the state of Sonora, Mexico, which brought strong complaints from the Mexican government, the United States authorities decided to remove the Chiricahuas (the term commonly used for both the Bedonkohe and the real Chiricahuas) from the reservation which they occupied on the southern frontier to San Carlos, Arizona. Geronimo, who was then coming into prominence as a war leader, immediately fled to Mexico. Later when he returned with his band to Qjo Caliente, N. M. he was arrested by John P. Clum, the Apache agent at San Carlos, and taken back to that reservation. There Geronimo and his people settled down as peaceful tillers of the soil and so long as Clum was their agent they caused no trouble. But when he resigned and his hand was no longer guiding the Apaches, discontent sprang up. The failure of the government to help them irrigate their lands aggravated thes trouble and resulted in jumping the reservation and leading a raid into Sonora again. Then followed the cam- Gero-nimo- ikies, "19 Days Hath September . . 'TM11UTY days hath September . . 1 Thus runs the familiar Jlngla but It wasnt true In the year 1702 when Great Britain (and her American GERONIMO, WAR LEADER OF THE APACHES arose when the authorities attempted to stop the Apache practice of making tizwin, a strong intoxicant. As a result, Geronimo and Naiche, or Natchez, son of Cochise and hereditary chief of the Chiricahua, again decamped from San Carlos and started a reign of red terror in southern Arizona and New Mexico and in Sonora and Chihuahua, Mexico. Again General Crook marched against the hostiles with instructions to capture or destroy them. A Gatewood Eventually establ- ished contact with Lawton's column and late in August he learned that Geronimo was near ' . Hard Campaign After a long and difficult cam- paign over the blazing deserts of the Southwest and among the rocky fastnesses of the mountains, a truce was arranged in March, 1886, followed by a conference at which the terms of surrender of the Apaches were agreed upon. But before it could be concluded, Geronimo, and Naiche fled with their followers into the Sierra Madres. Worn out by his exertions and feeling keenly the implied criticism by his superiors of his failure to conquer Geronimos warriors, Crook asked to be relieved of his command in that depart- ment. His successor was Gen. Nelson as colonel of the Fifth infantry had made a brilliant record as an Indian fighter against the tribes of the southern the Sioux and plains in 1874-7A. Miles, who 5, 1876 - 77, Chief Cheyennes Josephs Nez Perces 'In 1877 and the Bannocks in 1878. Arriving in at Fort Bowie in April, Miles prepared for an energetic cam- paign. Spearhead of the campaign was a detachment of cavalry, cominfantry and Indian scouts Law-ton manded by Capt. Henry W. of the Fourth cavalry the same Lawton who became a general and lost his life during the Philippine insurrection, 13 years later. Lawton's pursuit of the Fronteras. Leaving Lawton! command Gatewood pushed on rapidly and reached Fronteras where he found a detachment of cavalrymen under the command of Lieutenant Wilder. Taking ten men from this detachment as an escort, Gatewood followed the fresh Apache trail. Near the big bend of the Bivaspe river in Martine and Kateah Sonora, located Geronimos camp, which they entered and delivered Miles' ultimatum. A Daring Venture Geronimo sent back word that He wanted to talk with Gatewood and Naiche added his assurance that their friend, the lieutenant, would be safe in coming to a conference. Even so, it was a risky business. But unmindful of this danger Gatewood proceeded with the negotiations. His understanding of the Apache character and his diplomatic handling of the situation resulted finally in Geroni-mo- 's agreeing to meet Miles in Skeleton canyon in Arizona and surrender, on condition that the Indians should be allowed to retain their arms while marching to the meeting with Miles and and that Gatewood should accompany. Gatewood agreed to this, subject to Lawtons approval. The next day the march for Several the border started. times during that march ' the Indians became suspicious of the good faith of the Americans and had it not been for the presence of Gatewood there is a strong possibility that Geronimo and Naiche would have slipped away with their warriors once more. . man glanced Idly at the that had drawn np to. the curb, then leaned forward for a closer look. The perfect palindrome I" he murmured. Palindrome?" queried hla companion, "Never heard of that make of car. why, Let's see that doesn't spell Palindrome." "Look at the state license tag," waa the reply. "It's ALA. 36103. Both the abbreviation of the state and the number read backward the same aa forward. Such things are called palindromes Plenty automobiles from other states have numbers that are the same backward as forward but In Ala. bams Is the only place where you can have the perfect palindrome name of the state and number on your license tag." To' have been an even more "perfect palindrome" that car should have been driven by a man named Bob accompanied by a girl named Hannah or Anns. Perhaps, tbongh, a person should "name no one man In dlacnsalng this subject No doubt there are other men's and other women's names that hive that characteristic. . In fact the history of palindromes goes back to the first of etch In tbe Garden of Eden. The first woman pointed to herself and ottered one word: "Eve." Whereupon, the first man Is Mid to have replied pallndro-matlcall"Madam. Im Adam I" TllE . - And night time fc.ll bespangled iVith stfcrs fcnd fireflies, two"? WMJ Service. To keep the coffee pot sweet, boil n strong solution of borax in it occasionally. see To remove print from flour sacks, rub print with lard and let stand over night. In the morning boil in water with soap in it, then rub until prink has all dis- appeared. , see Never sprinkle rose bushes with the hose. Put the hose on the ground and allow the water to teep in around the roots of tho plants. see Flowers for the house should be cut in the late afternoon, , e Never wear rings, except plain bands, when washing fine laces, silks, etc. Rings may catch in 4 fabrics and tear them. see crevices in 5 floors with Fill putty and smooth off with a knife. Do this three or four days before ;i putting finish on floors. . Palindrome J Custard filling will not soak into crust if the white of an egg is brushed over crust before pouring in custard. see .1 Nawiptptr,. Berries. If patent leather shoes and belts are rubbed occasionally cloth tho with a glycerin-dippe- d leather will not dry and crack. WNU O Aesorlated BOYS! GIRLS! Bead the Grape Nuts sd la another column of this paper and learn hoar to Join the Dizzy Dean Winners and win valuable free prizes. Adv. j Spiritual Force Great men are they who see that spiritual is stronger than any material force, that thought rule the world. Ralph Waldo .i Emerson. ItsAn In HOWYou Fight BALDNESS! You need s mfidwchat help your hair to uvt nourishing staived y rloveVs! Ninas Ncmdnctnd Glowie Mediated Seep foitheihase-pe- a A you 11 he drugs-- Bute me you GioW. Play On and With Words upon a time a preacher from Conn., was called upon to give the opening prayer at a session of the state houM of representatives and Immediately afterwards listened to the debate over a divorce case. (Id those days the Connecticut legislature had the power to grant divorces and was noted for Its readiness to do so.) Struck by the Irony of tbe fact that . be, who performed marriages, should bo witnessing this "unmarrylng process," the preacher composed these lines : ONCE Apaches was one of the most brilliant feats in the history of the American army. He and his men stuck to the trail with the persistence of bloodhounds. Their dogged pursuit, plus the Indians' knowledge that they were in constant danger of attack by other troops operating against them, gradually wore down even the tireless Apaches. Among these troops were detachments of the Sixth cavalry, one of whose officers was Lieut. Charles B. Gatewood, a West Point graduate in 1877, who had distinguished himself during the 4 and Apache campaign of had won the friendship and respect of Geronimos warriors while they were on the San Carlos reservation during the next two years. In July, 1886, Miles believing that Geronimo and Naiche were about ready to give up the struggle, decided to send a message to them demanding their surrender and stipulating certain terms under which' it would be accepted. The task of getting this message to the Apache leaders was entrusted to With two friendly Chirica(or huas, Martine and Kayitah), to act as scouts, George Wratton as interpreter and several other civilians as packers and couriers, Gatewood started. on his mission. For a military escort he was to call Upon some of the commanders then in the field and Miles instructed him not to go near the hostiles with fewer than 25 soldiers as his escort. However, d none of the detachments encountered could spare 25 men so he pushed on without this military backing. I colonics) adopted the Gregorian calendar. In that year, the month had only nineteen days. But let James Franklin in his Poor Jobs Alamanac" (an Imitation of his brother. Benjamin Franklins Toor Richards Alumnae"), published at Newport "at the Printing Office under the Town School House," tell about It. lie aald: Kind Reader: Tou have now nuch n year ns you naver aaw before, nor will see hereafter, the King nnd Parliament of Great Britain having thought proper to enact that the month of September, 1711, (hell contain hut nineteen day a, which will ahorten this year eleven dnye, and have estended the same throughout the Brltleh dominion a; no that we are not to have two beginntngu to our years, but the first of January la to he the Brat day and the first month of the year 1751. Kievan days are taken from September, and begin, 1, I, II, 15. etc. Be not astonished, nor look with concern, Dear Reader, at such a deduction of days, nor regret na for the loes of ao much time; but taka this for your consolation, that your expenses will perhaps appear lighter, and your mind be more at ease. And what an Indulgence la here foe those who love their plllowe, to lie down In peace on the second of this month, nnd not perhaps nwnke or be disturbed till the fourteenth. In the morning! And. Render, this is not to hasten the payment of debit, freedom of apprentices or servants, or the coming to age of minora; but the number of natural days In nil agreements are to be fulfilled. All Church Holidays and Courla are to be on the earns nominal days they were before; but fairs, after the second of September, alter the nominal days, nnd no deemed to he. held eleven dnye later. Now, Render, since 'tin likely you may never have such another year nor nuch another almanac, I would advlaa you to Improve the one for your own sake, nnd I recommend the other for the nake of your friend. Poor Job. Nedni. To them was born a son who would become the most famous of all Apache leaders even of Old Mexico. the trimmings of the world The junset colored II like By Elmo Scott Wataon had learned to distrust the Spaniards three centuries earlier. Son of a Chief At about the time the first collision between the Americans and the Apaches took place a Nedni Apache warrior named Taklishim was living near the headwaters of the Gila river in Arizona. Taklishim was the son of Chief Maco of the Nedni but since he had married a Bedon-koh- e Apache woman and joined her tribe, he lost his right to rule as hereditary chief of the though he was never recognized as hereditary chief. He was given the name of or Go - yath - lay, which means The Yg.wner, but in the future his would be a name of fear in the Southwest Geronimo. Some imaginative writers have declared that Geronimo means Devil Saint" but the fact is that it is only . the Spanish for Jerome" and was applied to this Apache as a nickname by the Mexicans. However, it was easy enough to believe that Devil Saint" and "Apache Devil were synonymous terms when Geronimo, at the height of his career, was the scourge of New Mexico, Arizona and parts THE CHEERFUL CHERUB Curiosa Americana For ent-tl- ng Ceanect-t-e- at all la ewnneet-ton- n falrlr named; famed, I twain earner In one, but y on Cat those whom I eoaaert In two. "Each legislator seems to ms. Wbnt jrou Cannes I rat ewer. FARM LANDS rev gele 450 acres feed level farming lend, Lakevlew District, Riverside County, CaL Three good wells, pumpinf equipment, plenty water piped to entire property. Excellent for alfalfa, sinr htd seed, INVESTMENT CO., UVEKSIDE, CALIF. INSTRUCTION lie-ti- When two men named Willing and .Schott fought s duel In Philadelphia, the "City of Brotherly Love," some wag composed tbe following: Day es 9W 0di AMUeaaarlaa-DIusba- tad sloe Bee; Denver term Aug. 17th! Auctioneers Annual JH. Cea. Sept 1st.Asctlsa Bskeel, Bevsrly Bills, Cel peelers WNU W 36-- 36 1883-8- Gate-woo- d. Ka-tea- APACHE PRISONERS OF WAR ON THEIR WAY TO FLORIDA In the Front Row, Third From the Left, Is Naichc, or Natchez, Same Row, Fourth From Hereditary Chief of the Chiricahuas and in the Geronimo. the Left, la . struggle against that doubtful blessing than the Apaches of the Southwest. The series of wars with them began as far back as 1835 when the treachery of an American trader and the inexcusable killing by his men of a party of Apaches distaught their tribesmen to trust the Americans Just as they perate against the paign of Apaches under the leadership of Gen. George A. Crook which ended in the capture of band in the Sierra Madre mountains and their return to San Carlos once more. For the next two years the Chiricahuas remained quietly at San Carlos but in 1884 trouble 1882-8- 3 Gero-nim- h Gate-woo- LIEUT. C. B. GATEWOOD But after 11 days the whole party arrived in Skeleton canyon where Miles met them. He confirmed the terms of the surrender just as they had been delivered to Geronimo by whom the Indian leader complimented highly for having told him the exact truth. There on September 6, 1886 Geronimo surrendered for the last time. The captive Apaches were sent to Florida and, characteristic of the stupid blundering of officialdom in handling the Indian problem, the two faithful Indian scouts, Martine and Kateah, who had helped Gatewood bring about the surrender of the hostiles, were sent along with them as prisoners of war! After a few years in Florida, the Apaches were removed to Alabama and finally settled on a reservation near Fort Sill, Oklahoma where Geronimo, after many vain attempts to have his people returned to Arizona, died Gate-woo- on 17, 1909. Western Newspaper Union. February 6 Schott and Willing did ongaga la duel flarra nnd hot; Schott shot Willing willingly. And Willing ha shot Schott. Tba shot Schott shot made Willing quite A apectanlo to sea; Whlla Willing's willing shot want right Throuah Scbotte anatomy. fi Western Newspaper d, NEWEST HOSTELHY Oar lobby In delightfully air ended daring the aaaner months ttmffo for CM ry ftnc Catfes MO Bomm-OO- O Union. "BEWARE THE TICK" . Ticks are of particular Interest to the United 8tates bureau of entomology because they attack both men end animals, particularly farm stock. In "Beware the Tick I" in Hygela, the Health Magazine, Walter E. Burton polnta out that the most deadly of diseaiea la Rocky mountain spotted fever. In the Bitterroot valley In western Montana about 7S die of every 100 persons who rontract the fever. Tularemia, or rabbit fever, about which every hunter has heard, can be contracted by person who hnu die riihhit. It Can also he curried hatin' ot n privateer raptniii a'ml U now a hlnl s:incienr. where in.ui iini-- i, thoti-aui- N K'lil1 white jo 'oniw rums ti id a el'iL'e tick-carrie- d SALT LAKE'S HOTEL Temple Square Hatoe S1.5Qfo$3-O- Q The Hotel Tensplw Sqw w hoe s wdsselewd why this hotel lei H1CBLT RECOMMENDED slew epprsslste whyi Tew fees ns wf dfstfnctJsa to step fts aatsurit Brie hewrtfful hestwfry ERNEST C ROSSITER. Mgr. |