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Show SOUTH CACHE COURIER. HYRUM. UTAH pay the reparations bill. Berlin Insist- soon as peace was signed, and the On December 9 Gabiiel Narutowlcz I erty ruled liquor off all American shins ed that a long moratorium be granted treaty was In process of being drafted. was elected of Poland to throughout the world and declared president for on all the payments and that an interOn May 15 the conference to settle succeed General Pllsudskl. He was eign ships could not enter American national loan to Germany be arranged. the old Tacna-Aricdispute between duly Inaugurated, amid scenes of ports if carried liquor, sealed or France, depending on the reparations Chile and Peru opened In Washington, great disorder and on December 16 unsealed. theyGreat commotion ensued, money for reconstruction and continuand In due time came to a successful was assassinated by an artist. but the ruling was upheld by Federal ally on the verge of bankruptcy, would conclusion, adopting a compromise Judge Hand in New York. The cases not listen to propositions for the re- plan suggested by Secretary Hughes. initiated In behalf of various steamAND INDUSTRIAL LABOR Prosperity, Discontent ancTTwo duction of the war bill, and fronr time Colombia and Venezuela settled their ship companies were carried to higher to time made preparations to put into boundary dispute on April 9. Esthonla, Big Strikes Among Notable Bulking large in the affairs of Amer- - courts and enforcement of the ruling effect sanctions against Germany, such Latvia, Lithuania and Albania were as occupying the Ruhr district and the recognized by the United States as sov- lea were the two big strikes, of the a&alnst foreign vessels was temporarily Developments in America. up railway shopmen and the coal miners. national forests In the Rhineland. Al- ereign states on July 27. In The serisame effect at the Supreme court on February 27 time, they Great unBritain ways objected to this threatened the national well ruled that the womans suffrage ously til late In the year, when Bonar Law FOREIGN AFFAIRS being by disrupting traffic and causing amendment to the Constitution was REVERSE FOR REPUBLICANS had succeeded Lloyd George as prime a country-wid- e constitutional, and on May 1 it upheld minister. Then, at a conference of shortage of fuel Michael With Collins as Its the packers control act. June 5 It head, Unable with to the allied premiers In London. Bonar reach an agreement the of the Irish the mine handed down an Important opinion to provisional government Law on the scale, wage to French operators understand gave the Europ Still It In Economic and Finanthat, though Britain could not approve Free State was established In Janu- the miners, both anthracite and bitu- the effect that labor organizations can cial Turmoil Downfall of Lloyd of military measures against Germany, ary, after Dail Eireann had accepted minous, went on strike April 1. In be sued for violations of the Sherman George Turks Defeat Greeks law. By a decision anshe would not actively oppose them if the treaty with England and De Valera June and July President Harding conand Recover Lost Territory the Germans defaulted in the repara had refused to accede. Immediately ferred with representatives of both nounced on November 13 Japanese nr Fascist! Gain Control tions payments due in January. The the republicans, now rebels, started a sides, and proposed that the men re- not eligible to naturalization. Assoc!, of Italy. conference adjourned to meet In Paris xvarfare that lasted throughout the turn to work at the old wages and thnt ate Justice John A. Clarke resigned and was marked by Innumerable the new scale be arbitrated. His plan September 4, to devote himself to pro- on January 2 and Premier Poincare year By EDWARD W. PICKARD assassinations and other outrages. being rejected, he told the operators motion of United States membership Momentous events and developments Intimated that he might be satisfied The Free State forces gradually gained to reopen their mines under protection n the Longue of Nations, and former Barked the year 1922, both at home with milder measures. About this possession of most of the territory of federal time It was In troops and the flag. In only Senator George H. Sutherland of Utah stated Washington that where the rebels were and abroad. In America these Includstrong and the a few cases was this done. There wns appointed to succeed him. On the United was States a for looking ed the great strikes of coal miners and fighting degenerated into bushwhack- were numerous local conflicts and some October 24 Associate Justice Dny also railroad shopmen ; the passage by eon way to help out Europe without en- ing. On August 22 President Collins herself in alliances, but noth was killings, and the price of coal threat- - resigned, having been made umpire on grass of a new tariff bill, and the gen tangling killed In an ambuscade and Wll ened claims commisto become extortionate. To pre- the American-Germawas suggested and Eu- Ham eral defeat of the Republican party in Ing definite was elected to succeed vent Cosgrove sion. President selected was the Harding government profiteering skeptical him. He offered amnesty to the rebels, the November elections. Among the rope Pierce Butler, an eminent lawyer of of a the for adopted supervision On 10 plan finanan economic and April most noteworthy events elsewhere but they decided to fight to the production and distribution of coal on St. Paul. Minn., to fill the vacancy. were the establishment of the Irish cial conference, called by the allied su- death. Ersklne Childers, chief aid of July 24. Associate Justice Pitney resigned and miners of the Free State; the election of a new preme council, opened In Genoa. Ger- De Valera, was captured and executed, bituminousOperators and December 16 on account of ill health. fields Cincinnati met at and Russia were to Invited many paras were other republican leaders. The on pope; the rout of the Greeks in Asia One mnn left the Presidents cabiAugust 15 signed an agreement Minor and the regeneration of the ticipate, under certain restrictions, but Irish Free State formally came Into bevir- net Postmaster Will Hays, who men the the winning strike, ending soon deleafter the sessions began the qu.t Turkish state, followed by the Near ing on December 6, with Timothy tually all their demands. A similar to become supreme head of the moving East peace conference at Lausanne; gates of those two nations concluded Healy as governor general. settlement of the anthracite strike was picture industry. Dr. Hubert Work the downfall of Prime Minister Lloyd a treaty canceling their war debts and Prime Minister TJoyd George held made on September 2. It was admit succeeded him. Gen. Charles XL the estaband of treaty George, and the triumph of the Faspower through all the vicissitudes of ted that the root of the trouble hnd not Dawes retired from the position of diSurfull relations. lishing diplomatic cist! in Italy. the until October 19. On that day been reached and that another strike rector of the budget July 1, General the prised and powers, the year In parliament decid In the spring of 1923 was almost a cer- Lord taking the post conservatives Although the people of the United despite the angered, of great the neutrals, ed to protests States enjoyed a fair amount of pros- barred the Germans In tainty. Since there was still n great abandon act coalition and the One of the most shocking events of from further parperity throughout the year, they were ticipation In the discussion of Russian future as a separate party. The pre- shortage of coal, Conrad E. Spens was the year took place In Illinois on June and mier was thus deprived of his majority appointed federal fuel director on Sep- 22. Strikebreakers and discontented and dissatisfied, which was the most important guards at a and promptly resigned, with his cab- tember 22. showed it when they went to the polls affairs, before coni mine at Herrtn, Williamson eonn-tthen. conference the subject In November. Seemingly they did not A. Bonar Law, chosen leader of The railway strike followed' an order after being attacked by striking The allied nations offered to give finan- inet like the new tariff law, and the big cial the conservatives, succeeded him, of the federal railway labor, board, is- miners, surrendered and 19 of them condito aid certain Russia under formed a new ministry and called an sued June 6, reducing the wages of the were at once strikes and the matter of prohibition but Belgium refused to agree to election brutally massacred. The enforcement also had their effect then. tions, for November 15. At the shopmen about $60,000,000 a year. and some of its officials this and a day or two later the French community In conditions he won control of parliament. Other rail employees had their pay cut seemed Economic and financial In sympathy with th withdrew their assent, charging that polls The lahorites made great gains and be- proportionately, but the shopmen were murdererslargely some of the European countries and for a long time It wns was trickery Lloyd George practicing due came the opposition party." showed little or no Improvement, chosen to make the fight. They quit doubtful whether they would b gain control of the Russian oil In part to the continued state of unMusUnder the Benito of leadership work on July 1, and two days later to Justice. The state lnw fields. Mennwhite the soviet delegates settlement concerning the German rep- were solini the Fasclstl of Italy, organized were "outlawed by 'the board. On brought took demands charge'' and In September such excessive making arations and to the renewed turmoil in that the primarily to protect the country July 14 they were reinforced by the many of the members of the mob wer uselessness further of negotiathe Near East Other countries, nota- tions became evident and the confer- against the communists, fought a long stationary engineers, firemen and oil Indicted. bly Italy and Czechoslovakia, moved ence adjourned after adopting an eight and successful battle. Gaining stead- era. From the beginning the adminisTruman n. Newberry of Mehtgniv ily In strength, notably by the acces- tration strove to bring about a settledefinitely toward stabilization and months truce with Russia. whose right to a seat In the senate was sion of many thousands of working ment, but both sides were stubborn, prosperity. Communism and socialism the nd Pasha Keinal by that body on January 12, Mustnplia upheld In men, they saved the industries of Italy the restoration of seniority rights beItaly suffered a tremendous setback who had disaof the continnal fight mado Turkish weary grew nationalists, from the rebelled and dissatisfied when the Fasclstl against Reds, finally, the main stumbling block. Presi- to unseat him and resigned on Noveming Turkish all of the vowed the doings with the weak policies of Premier Fac- dent those doctrines and took over the connarding warned the strikers ber 18. Governor Groesbeck nppo'nt-egovernment at Constantinople, spent ta, compelled his resignation on Octotrol of the government. against Interference with mails or in In secretly preparing for a ber 26. Mussolini was Mayor James Couzens of Detroit ta made As In 1921. December, was marked the summer premier terstate transportation, and the agen- fill out the term. In Greeks offensive the great against and at once set' to work to restore the cies of the' government were active in by an international conference in Anatolia. They opened the attack on For the ftrst time fn history th prosperity of the country. The king enforcing his orders. Finding they Washington, for President Harding com23 took the and States senate hnd a woman United enemy August and chamber of deputies gave him full could not tie up traffic, the strikers In bad Invited the Central American reweek one Within When Tom Watson of Georsenator. by pletely surprise. discontempower to put Into effect his many regions resorted to extreme viopublics lo send delegates there to Greek armies had been routed plated reforms and economic measHardwick appointed Governor died the gia and armnments of In Far limitation cuss the lence, and even to murder. other and a veteran suffragist, to W. back driven and II. Mrs. Smyrna Felton, ures, und as he had the support of West some of tho Brotherhood of other questions. They met on Decem- const Athens was asking most of the an election. and to the vnenney, positions pending for with the prospects ber 4. Trainmen members for an armistice and agreeing to get Italy were people, W. F. George wns elected to the place; chiefs. off their until called them bright. by out of Asia Minor. Kemal occupied when congress met in extra sesGreeces disaster In Asia Minor re- Several trains loaded with passengers but INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS 9 five on and days sulted in he withheld his credentials tong sion Smyrna September Finalthe second abdication of were abandoned in the deserts. later a large part of the city was deblow enough for Mrs. Felton to be sworn lj January found the great powers still stroyed by flames. At first the Turk- King Constantine on September 26, In ly the government struck a vital and serve one day, engaged in formulating treaties and ish troops were blamed for this, but la- the face of a revolt by the returning at the strike. Attorney General Daughfrom obtained agreements In the Washington confer- ter developments Indicated the confla- troops. Next day the crown prince, erty, on September 1, NATIONAL LEGISLATION ence on armaments and Pacific ocean gration was started by the fleeing George, was sworn In ns king and a Judge Wilkerson in Chicago a sweepnew crafts revo1 the delethe The order Installed. shop restraining on ing government and February problems, Greeks and by looters. Great Britain, in any way with the One of the first acts of congress In gates, In plenary session, adopted the which hnd been sponsor for the Greek lutionists in control caused the arrest from Interfering of Two weeks the year wns the passage of the foreign officers and of the various cabinet with former railways. limitation operation naval treaty venture in Asia Minor, was alarmed an agreement on Pacific fortifications; by the expressed Intention of the na- generals on the charge of high treason later the strike was broken when debt refunding bill, with a limit for in connection with the debacle in Anamany railroads negotiated separate payment set at 23 years. The house passed resolutions declaring the open tionalists to take possession of Constanand three six a tolia, of them. and In agreements with the shopmen. Including treaty tinople and the rest of the old Turkapproved door China, In January also passed the Dyer hill, hut It got no further until for the restriction of the use of poison ish empire, and she called on her do- former premiers, were condemned to DOMESTIC AFFAIRS December, when the Democrats in tho gas and submarines in warfare. At minions and France, Italy, Serbia, Ru- death. Great Britain tried vainly to senate filibustered It to death. Tho the same time. Mr. Balfour announced mania and Greece to Join her in the prevent the execution and then broke marketing hill was enactthat Great Britain would restore As ha 3 been said above, the people defense of the Dardanelles. France, off relations with Greece, probably glad to rid alliance. of an On March 23 th get Three later China. to embarrassing days of the United States, despite the fact ed In February. which hnd been giving aid and comfort the conference approved a number of to the Turks, and Italy objected to Prince Andrew, uncle of the king, also that they were relatively prosperous, house passed the soldiers bonus hill treat! s designed to restore to China military operations against the Kemal-ist- was tried aud condemned, hot escaped were not contented. Taxes, rentals and, after a long and bitter fight. It some of her lost liberties and passed and the prices of the necessities of life went through the senate on August 31 and some of the British domin- with exile. conM. Briand resigned as premier of remained too a resolution for the creation of an In- ions were noticeably cool. However, high, and the farmer es- President Harding had warned unacFrance 12 on the his to revise was polbecause entirely ternational commission January Britain hurried reinforcements to her pecially complained because lie did not gress the measure rules of warfare. On February 6 the land and naval forces In the Near East icies at the Cannes conference were receive enough for the products of his ceptable to him, chiefly because it prodeleg tes signed alt the treaties and and let the Turk and the world know opposed. He was succeeded by M. toil. As usual, the unrest expressed It- vided no means of raising the money the conference adjourned sine die, and thnt she would act alone If necessary. Poincare, whose policies included strict self at the polls. What many consid- to pay the bonus, and on September 13 tn four days President Harding sub- The allies on September 23 Invited enforcement of the treaty of Ver- ered the conservatism of the Harding he vetoed it. The house overrode the administration was blamed, with or veto, but the senate sustained it. The mits d the treaties to the senate. the nationalists to a peace conference, sailles. hod senate on March the XV end died of Benedict Pope January without reason. As the primary elec- agitation for such legislation was InBy the agreeing to return to them Constantiratified all these treaties, as well as nople, Adrlnnople and eastern Thrace 22, and on February 2 the Sacred Col- tions In various states came along, the cessant, however, and new hills were one with Japan, by which the trou- In return for the guaranteed freedom lege met In Rome to choose his succes- voters saw and seized their chance, Introduced before the year closed. blesome question of American rights of the straits. Kemal Insisted thnt sor. Four ddys later Cardinal Achilla and frequently the more conservative Appropriation bilft for the army and on the Island of Tap was settled. Great Russia must be Included, and the allies Rattl archbishop of Milan, was electcandidates were beaten by navy, providing for 133.000 and 86.000 ftritnln and Japan also, In the course agreed thnt the soviet government ed, and on February 12 be was progressives. Albert J. Beveridge de- enlisted men, respectively, wer . feated Senator New In Indiana; Lynn passed; and $17,000,000 was approprl-Jof tlme.'mtlfied the conference pacts, should participate lu settlement of the crowned pope as Plus XL To the account of affairs In Turkey Frazier defeated Senator McCumber ated for soldiers hospitals, and. like the United States, took steps question of the Dardanelles. After sevtoward putting Into effect the terms eral trying days, when war seemed al- related above Is to be added the down- In North Dukota ; Senators Johnson of The tariff revision bill of coura of the treaty on naval limitation. But most unavoidable, the allies and na- fall of the sultan. Considered by the California and La Follette of Wiscon- - took a long time In the mnking. H France, more Interested In her own tionalists met at Mudanla on October Angora government to be a tool of the sin were triumphantly renominated finally was completed and was signt-troubles connected with the German 3 to arrange an armistice. A week la- British, and consequently a traitor, he and there were many other such in- by the President on September 21 reparations and with the developments ter a, protocol was signed providing for was deposed on November 1. The sov- stances. It was generally predicted One notable feature Is a provision giv-or la the Near East, delayed action, and the evacuation of eastern Thrace by ereignty of the nation was declared to that the Democrats would win big vic- ing the President power to lovercoo- ber example was followed by several Greece within 13 days and Its delivery be In the hands of the people and the tories in the election on November 7. raise certain rates when he thinks mailer nations. Thus the full effect to Turkey within 43 days, and, yield- name changed from Ottoman empire to and the results Justified the forecast ditlons of foreign trade warrant. of some of the treaties was lost for the ing to the Kemallsts the civil control State of Turkey. The dethroned ruler In both house and senate the RepublicCongress adjourned on September; time being. of Constantinople pending a peace con- took refuge on Malta. On November an majority was tremendously re- 22, and as it hnd failed to take any ao RehnhP'tntlon of Europe, economic ference. This conference opened In 18 his nephew, Abdul Medjld Effendl duced. Such well known figures as tion on a ship subsidy measure, ihe to nd financial, was the great problem Iutsanne, Switzerland, November 20, was elected caliph of the Moslem DuPont Kellogg, Townsend, Calder, President called an extra session conto 20. sesIn were of world Poindexter mainly of and Pomerene and. retired. meet on November with the prospect church. being long that confronted the Germany devoted herself through the A feature of the election was the Im- sider such a bilL The house passed murse, its solution depended to a con- sion. The United States declined full session siderable extent on a settlement of the participation, but sent Ambassador year largely to efforts to evade the mense majority roiled up for AI Smith, it on November 29. The extra ou Desession Brisand Grew Admiral Democratic candidate the matter. Minister had for determined This Child. Into to goverthe regular payment of reparations, merged Gemnn reparations cember 4. not been reached when the year came tol to guard the Interests of America work to regain her foreign trade, and norship of New York. In his message to congress PresiEfforts to enforce the prohibition to a clo'e. The allied commission, an and Americans, these being especially to the printing of Innumerable billions oil the fields with committee of and connection In of of value the The bankers a violations dent Harding called for strict enforceof it absorbed law and International paper marks. thorvarious Individuals struggled with the Mosul. The conference had to deal mark fluctuated widely, reaching a low vast amount of time and money, and ment of the prohibition law, a stem, credit the Turkish of frontiers twelve sj the thousand the level with for state, of more than eight It may be the difficulties encountered oughgoing agricultural throughout question a dollar. On June 24 Dr. Walter Rath-ena- by the government In this strengthened improvement of transportation anJ Wjonths. but It would be tedious to tell noth In Europe and In Mesopotamia, and proIn detail of their efforts. The Germans where the oil fields are located, and foreign minister, was assassi- the cause of the organizations formed outlawing of railroad strikes national war all enIn the of control Chanand straits the the for with vision that maintained of drafting reactionaries. in complete nated liberalization to bring about the Berlin by steadily bill ran forcement of the treaty of Versailles safeguarding of the Christian minori- cellor Wlrth and his cabinet were the enforcement act so as to permit the resources. The ship subsidy In determined Deopposition a the In he middle 14 of and disastrous By and ties and forced out of office November Turkey. up against manufacture and use of beers mould ruin Germany Deoembet on fbr the rest of Europe, although Doc. cember the conferees were well on the Wilhelm Cuno became chancellor with light wines, and ultimately the repeal the senate. The house qer Wlrth, the chancellor, held thnt way to agreement. Turkey had promministry In which the socialists and of the Eighteenth amendment Itself. 18 passed the naval appropriation to join the League of Nations as comaunista wera not ladoded. ised wonld net and ultimately Os October 6 Attorney General Daogb- - carrying $32SJ)00,00(X jura afeCfa, HOW THE WORLD FARED IN a 1922 I I anti-tru- st I I n Brest-Lltovs- k y. offi-ce- rs d five-pow- er antl-lynohi- Wel-llnl-W- ei s, so-call- I I I J u, h'-- irj a issSed luui |