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Show ! THE RICH COUNTY NEWS. RANDOLPH. UTAH Looking In on Congress From the House Gallery SENIORITY By CONGRESSMAN Copyright, 'SI. GUY U. HARDY Western Newspaper Union. . Seniority or length of service has his work and memory. Here again the economical tendency of congress is things in the house of representatives. shown, as the day set Is always a SunI suppose it has always been so more day when other business is not up for or less, and it is a little more so new consideration. The speeches delivered on this occasion are published in than formerly, if possible. A member gets his office room in the the Congressional Record, and a little house office building, his seat at com- booklet containing them is made up, mittee tables, his rank on his commit- each member being given a few tee, his chairmanship of committee, copies. his place as a conferee on conference The other day I looked up a copy of committees of the house and senate, one of these memorials for a gentleand many other little favors and big man in Pueblo. It was the memorial opportunities for influence through address on the life and character of James N. Burns of Missouri, delivered seniority. There was a time when the speaker February 23, 1889. Although this was had some choice In fixing up commit- over 33 years ago, I was surprised to tees and chairmanships. You heard note how many gentlemen spoke on Uncle Joe Cannon roundly cussed that day whose names are well known about his exercise of that privilege a to us of this day; and some of the few years ago. Even then most of addresses are notable examples of elothe chairmen were selected because quence. Henderson, Dockthey had served longest on the com- ery, Holman, Randall, Breckenridge, mittees. But the speaker had some Butterworth, Stone, Grosvenor, Cocklatitude and he did make some inde- rell, Voorhees, Hale, Gorman and pendent appointments in an effort to Vest Surely an array of brilliant put the :.best qualified man in the names. place. . And ; often such appointment It is customary for congress to vote raised Cain. About twelve years ago a years pay to the widow of a dethere was a revolution, Uncle Joe was ceased member. defeated for speaker, new rules were There are many deaths in congress. adopted. Committee assignments are I am told about eighteen a year, and now made by a large committee on the flag on the house office building committees and the seniority rule Is flies at half-maa good deal of the closely adhered to. There has been time. but one notable exception in years. In the present congress there have The present chairman of appropriabeen twelve deaths and it is only tions was not the high man but the about half over. They are as follows : second high man on the list. Fred L. Blackmon of Alabama, SamChairmen of committees have much uel M. Taylor of Arkansas, John A. power and Influence in directing legis- Elston of California, William E. Malation. They can help write legisla- son of Illinois, William H. Frankhau-se- r tion, help push it through the commitof tee or hold it back. They have charge Water Michigan, Charles F. Van de of California, Henry D. Flood of it on the floor. Many bills pass the of Virginia, Prince J. Kuhio Kalanla-naol- e one hone Jn form and the senate in of Lucian W. 'Parrish another. If one house refuses to ac- of Texas Hawaii, and Samuel M. Brinson of amendments of the the the cept other, North Carolina. bill is sent to conference. Conference Two of these members committed committees Include three or five members from each house. The house con- suicide and two were, killed in automobile accidents. ... ferees now usually consist of two Over in the senate when a death ocRepublicans and one Democrat or curs the governor of the state appoints three Republicans and two Democrats who have served longest on the com- a senator to fill the vacancy until the mittee. These conferees get together next regular state election. A constiand agree to anything they can and tutional amendment has been suggested to report their findings back. These re- house provide that vacancies in the should be filled in like manner. ports are usually accepted by both Such an arrangement would save the houses. The seniority rule has been much states much money which special elections necessarily cost criticlfced, and there is room for criticism. But there is something to be Home Problem of Members. said for It. Chairmen have the adOne of a congresmans little troubles vantage of long experience on their committees. - If they are not dubs they is the home problem, getting a house roust have learned much about the to live in. Washington is the highest basiness in hand, and usually dubs do priced city in the country. Property not remain long in congress. Any and rents are high. If a man is there other method of selection would start alone he can live at a hotel. If he has build up machinery and a family he must have a house or an factions and breed strife and trouble. apartment. The hotels are high priced. The old members are for the senior- The houses and flats are out of sight. What members pay for houses of ity rule, and while the new members may be critical, I rather fancy we will course depends upon what they get and want to pay. Several members never get far away frera it However, after all is said, It does pay $7,500 a year rent, and quite a sometimes appear that seniority and number pay from $3,600 to $5,000. Of long service have more influence and course they do not live on their power in the house of representatives salaries. They get something from back home. The members who try than brilliancy and ability. to live on their salaries, or nearly so, from $150 to $250 a month for WHEN A CONGRESSMAN DIES pay a furnished house. And you dont get as much in Washington for $200 When a congressman dies the house a month as you can get in Colorado solemnly passes a resolution of ac- cities for $50. knowledgment and then adjourns. But Within 'the moderate prices, houses usually by common consent the reso- are very hard to get and usually unlution is held on the speakers desk desirable. Most residence property In until the business of the day has been Washington Is built In rows houses completed, and at about 5 or 5:30 in solid blocks like store buildings. oclock the resolution is read, passed They are usually 17 to 20 feet wide and the house stands adjourned. three stories high with three rooms on The resolution always runs the each floor, windows only in front and same. It reads: back, a front yard 10 or 12 feet deep. Resolved, That the house has heard with profound sorrow of the First Congress Met in 1789. death of Hon. Mr. Blank, a representaThe congress In session at this h tive from the state of time is the congress. Resolved, That the clerk communi- The first congress under the Constitucate these resolutions to the senate tion met in 1789. It should have met and transmit a copy thereof to the on March 4, but a quorum did not ' show up so it adjourned from day to family of the deceased. ( as a That further mark day until April 1, when It opened for Resolved, of respect this house do now adjourn. business. On April 6 of that year Few things are permitted to Inter- both houses met In joint session and fere with the basiness of the house. canvassed the electoral vote for PresiThe work goes grinding .'on through dent and vice president, George Washthe .weeks and months. The house ington was found to be elected Presipasses laws setting apart holidays dent and John Adams, vice president. that others may rest, and celebrate, and revere the memory of notable Congress Lasts Two Years, consists of a two-yemen, but the house goes on with the Congress nationf business without resting or term. There are two regular sessions and occasionally a special session or celebrating. t The house evidently thinks that the two. Members of the house of reprenest espect it can pay to the memory sentatives are elected for two years of the countrys notables and its own and senators for a term of six years. dead is to go on with its important The congress elected in November does not convene in regular session until work. And so it does, usually. Occasionally, if business is not too the first Monday in December of the pressing and if the deceased member following year. But for several years a special session has been called soon wos more or less prominent, the resolution Is passed soon after the house after the 4th of Mareh following the . meets at noon. And when that hap- election. pens I dare say that most ' of the Hearing the Other Side. members feel a good deal as the have decided to stay on the "You a feels when or a teacher schoolboy ' fellow pupil dies and school is dis- farm? I get disYes, said Mr. Cobbles. missed; they enjoy getting a day off. Seventeen members are usually ap- couraged durin th week, but I cheer on Sundays. pointed to attend the funeral and up considerably How Is that? when a member dies in office he is likely to have a notable gathering at j listen to people who come out here from town in their automobiles, his graveside. A day is set apart when those who Aft'"' T hear tltem tell their troubles I that I have any of aiy own. knew him best ear eioaueni tribute to fc long been a controlling factor in many in : In a Chinese Spaghetti Factory. the bare feet of coolies like those of their countless predecessors whose calloused soles have worn deep channels in the flagstones. Along the river banks are still anchored acres and acres of small, brown, flimsy boats in each of which a family lives as their ancestors did in the time of Marco (Prepared by the National Geographic Society, 'Washington, D. C.) Canton, seat of government of Sun Tat Sen, president of the South China Republic, which recently fell to supporters of the rival Peking governin which the ment, is the seed-be- d first' Western ideas sprouted Jn China ideas which some optimistic observers believe will continue to grow until - the country is as fully Westernized as Japan. There are now many centers for the spread of Western culture in China; but Canton will always retain the interest that attaches to the point f entry, and probably for a long time !t will continue to be the scene of greatest progress. It was in 1017 that Canton began its relations with the West. In that years after year. Just twenty-fiv- e Columbus discovered America, the Portuguese obtained permission to trade with the Cantonese. Later the Dutch, the English, the French, and finally, (he Yankees sent their ships and traders to the city. For a time it was the only city which the authorities of China permitted to have Intercourse with the W estern barbarians. But the Canton door was not kept open without a heavy foot being thrust in it from time to time. Chinese and European commercial and governmental practices and general customs were bo different that they Inevitably clashed when ..they first met. Such heavy trading taxes were levied and so many restrictions imposed at this first treaty port that European traders were almost ruined. On their part the Westerners introduced opium against the wishes of the Chinese officials, and the general misunderstandings led to wars with England and France. As a result of the wars Canton was established more and more firmly as Chinas open door. Cantons priority was not alone in trade. The first ltoman Catholic missionaries to China settled In 1571 at Macao, a few miles down the river from Canton, and ten years later began work in Canton Itself. The city, too, had one of the first Mohammedan mosques to be establshed among the Chinese; and there in 1807 the first Protesant missionary to China settled. It has since become one of the most Important missionary centers in the country. Contact with the Occident. (flight racial differences seem to have made the Cantonese, to begin with, more alert than the Chinese of other regions: but they undoubtedly have. been quickened and made more pro-gresslve by the constant stimulus of contact with Westerners during the past 400 years. A spirit of competition and emulation was awakened among the merchants and men in public life which by degrees reflected itself in numerous ways in the life of Canton. But above all things, the Western visitors aroused the curiosity of the Cantonese, with the result that they became the emigrants, par excellence of China. Thousands of them have sojourned In the United States and Canada, South America, South Africa, Australia and Europe. More Important still. In recent years young Chinese have been returning from the United States and Europe after a Western college training; and a considerable proportion of them have found their way to Canton. As fixed as are the ways of China, these Chinese who have lived under Western Institutions or who have carefully studied Western ways, have not failed, when they have returned to their native city, to modify conditions in some-wisIt Is not strange, then, that from Canton has come on numerous occasions pressure against conserva-- . tive Peking for reform, and at times revolution. Some sort of breach between north and south China was in recent years; and it was equally inevitable that Canton, greatest city of the South, should lead it. Although throughout most of the 400 years since the first contact with Europeans, the leaven of .Western ideas has. been working in Canton, even as recently as three years ago it had done little to lift tlfe teeming old city of more than a million souls from its thoroughly Chinese appearance and customs. Its narrow alley-lik- e streets, none too clean, hemmed In by low houses and set off by great black and gold and black and red signs, were the streets of any typical Chinese town. Through them pattered e. Polo. After Canton was made the seat of government for the Southern Republic of China changes in its appearance were rapid. In place of the old system of government in which the ruling of the city was merely incidental to the government of the province, a carefully worked out municipal government was constructed with all the modem trimmings. It might be described as a sort of combination of the American commission plan with a Capitalistic Soviet system. A young Chinese graduate of two American colleges, who had specialized in the study of municipal government, was made mayor. With a commission of six department heads he formed the executive board of aldermen body. Cantons who took charge of legislation under the new regime, was called the Municipal Advisory council. Of Its 30 members, ten were appointed by the governor of the province, ten chosen in a general election, and ten were elected by certain groups Including the chamber of commerce, the educational association, doctors, lawyers, engineers and labor guilds. the Modernizing City. In the few years this government lasted it left its mark on ancient Canton. Where only narrow alleys existed before, thousands of houses were razed and broad streets put through; canals were filled in to make other thoroughfares ; and finally the old city wall, crumbling with the age of centuries, .was torn down, and an encircling boulevard constructed on its site. The old wall had its usefulness In death, for its stones were broken up and the material used to surface the citys new streets. The city government of Canton even provided public parks a hitherto unheard of thing for a Chinese city to do. But though in externals Canton has seen many changes In the past few years, its customs cling tenaciously. The food of a large part of the Canton populace is not that of America. In the markets one may buy not only the flesh of cattle and horses, but also that of dogs and snakes. And an order for cat meat in a Canton market doesnt mean that the house pet is to be fed; it means just what it says. The gourmet shopping In Canton may have the choice of rats on the hoof in cages, or may purchase the more convenient article with its long curled tail. And if this variety in meats is not enough, he will find for. sale the flesh of lizards and the fins of sharks and by way of meat substitutes, ancient eggs and dried oysters. The view, which one gets of Canton from the few high vantage points dis d closes a city of innumerable low, houses, with here and there a Two tower breaking the monotony. of these belong to a Christian cathe-- . dral, one to a Mohammedan mosque, and most of the remainder, strangely enough, to the shops of Chinese pawnbrokers. The construction of these shops in the form of towers is said to be in order that the valuables which they contain may be more easily guarded. In late years, too, a few office buildings and department stores have been constructed on the American plan; and these, at least relatively to the sea of low dwellings, are sky, scrapers. Canton has been quick to take advantage of the. opportunities that its recent boon of wide streets lias given. Where a few years ago chairs borne on the shoulders of coolies constituted the only form of human transportation through the narrow alleys,, now automobiles and omnibuses whisk about on the broadways. Of course throughout much of the city the streets still are wide enough only foe chairs. The. white residents of Canton for the most part live on an island of made land in the river, separated from the Chinese settlements by a wide canal. Two wars were fought by Great Britain, however, largely for the of foreigners to the city of Canton proper, and sonfe few whites d take advantage of this privilege. . hard-earne- Pure materials, scientific manufacture, absolute cleanliness then sealed against all impurity That is Wrigleys as you get it fresh and full flavored. ,? Aids digestion, keeps teeth white and clean breath! sweet and disposition sunny. . Have you tried this WRIGLEYS P. I(. one t is the new refreshment that cant be beat. st - Sixty-sevent- Wrigley's Adds a Zest and Helps Digest One Island, but Two Names. All He Had. Before Greater New York became Alfred Say, Morris, wait! Hava Greater New York what was then you a minute to spare? Morris Staten- island and is now the borough Yes, but nothing else. Make it of Richmond was then and is now snappy. Richmond county, says the New York Sun. The Post Office department has never recognized the consolidation of the municipalities and Brooklyn is still a separate post office, as distinct from New York as Chicago, Red Wing or Tilly Foster. Richmond county has ' two post offices. Richmond, which is the county seat, and Staten island. Not many 6 Bell-an- s persons know there is a post office on Hot water Staten island named Staten island. The railroad name is Tompkinsvllle. Sure Relief The other towns and villages in Richmond county, are substations of the 1EW.-AMtwo post offices and there is one rural 25 and 75 Package Evetywhar delivery route. Sure Relief FOR INDIGESTION S Bells Made of Porcelain. In a few weeks the cathedral of Metz will possess the famous chimes of 60 porcelain bells of which' so much has been said. It is said that the tone of these bells leaves nothing to be desired. As to their solidity, they seem to be of the first orda--. Until now no such use has been made of porcelain, a fact which will make of the chimes of Metz an unIt is recalled, equaled curiosity. however, that at Mlssen, where the Dresmanufacture of the den china was carried on from 1710 to 1863, there is a house constructed of that material. MANS . BEST AGE A man is as old as lus organs; he can be as vigorous and healthy at 70 as at 35 if he aids his organs in performing their functions. Keep your vital organs healthy with G0UHEDAL The worlds standard remedy for kidney. Something to Praise. to think much of Ever, bladder and uric add troubles sinoe 1696; corrects disorders; stimulates vital my car, said the owner ef a dilapiorgans. All druggists, three sizes. dated flivver. I wouldnt say that, replied the Leek foe tfce seme Gold Medal i What do you tactful garage man. call this contraption here on the front of your radiator? Thats a figure of Mercury. I bought it for an ornament. Well, now, thats about as neat a piece of work as anything I. ever saw." Birmingham You dont seem Shave With . Cuticura Soap The New Way Without Mufl Age-Heral- d. Unique Distinction. Well, my friend, said tourist, are you satisfied . lot? the motor With your , Yes, complain. said Mr. Cobbles. ' I cant Would you mind letting ine take a snapshot of you with my camera? What for T Tve traveled through a dozen states and you are the first farmer Ive met who didnt tell md he would rather be anything else on the topside' of n creation than a tiller of the soil. Birmingham ; down-trodde- VnilD ir IT I UUII Cutters VETERIIIARIAIliiSH The Cutter Laboratory uTht Laboratory that Xnnot How" Age-Heral- Berkeley Prompt Uses Serums ind Vaccines he is doing hig Le$t to conserve your D (U.S. License) California You are strong in your praise , of FOR the Brokers and Stokers Magazine. 75c at stores; 85c by mail. I am. L' - C O L - Q BURN8 CUTS ITCH SORES Address New York Drug Concern, New York Yet they have never printed any of your poetry. No, but it doesnt take them two will months to decide that my stuff wont quekly revive I and brine baek RESTORER all ita original do. They get it back to me In the color and luxuriance. At all good druuetets, 7cc, or direct from Memphis,. mm. next mail." Louisville W. N. U., Salt Lake City, No. Your Hair 22. 1 |