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Show V. ' IV V-- " ,v K?" Idea That Large Fields. 'Are 7. Needed Disproved. V Tiie poultry Pennsylvania State college lBf feed consumption and cost of raisin: turkeys in complete confinement ' Ap---: parently tiie Idea that turkeys require large fields for range has been disproved. E. M. Funk, who conducted this work at the Pennsylvania State college buf who Is now with the poultry department of the Missouri College of Agriculture, summarizei the experiment with turkeys as follows : L The average weight of the Bronze toms at 24 weeks was 19 pounds end the White Holland toms averaged 16.4 a Tennessee historian. "She Is described as being a brunette, with olive complexion and high coloring, black eyes that danced and sparkled; vivan cious, kindly; lips that were true car-nelin- a rare wilderness beauty. Colonel Donelson was killed by the Indians during the early years of the settlement and ids widow moved to Kentucky. There she rented a house from another frontier widow, a Mrs. Robards, whose son, Lewis, wooed and won Rachel Donelson. But the marriage was a failure from the beginning. Robards was moody, temperamental and intensely jealous of his wife. So Rachel eventually left him, returning to her mother, who had in the meantime gone back to Nashville to live. Faced with the necessity of making her own living after her husband's death, Mrs. Donelson had taken a few men boarders into her home. One of them was a young lawyer named John Overton, who brought about a reconciliation between Rachel and Robards, who then came to live with his wife and her mother. Another boarder at the Donelson home was a young Carolinian, named Andrew Jackson, who hnd arrived in Nashville in 1788 and began the practice of law. Again Robards jealousy flamed out and he accused Rachel of being in love with Jackson. Tiie young lawyer's protest to the huslmnd, when he heard the accusation, only made matters worse and Robards returned to Kentucky, Through Overton's intercession Rachel went there to live with him again, but finding the situation impossible, soon returned, resolved never again to live with Robards. Robards then applied to the legislature of Virginia (since Kentucky was still a part of that state) for a divorce, and on December 29, 1790, that body passed an act permitting him to go into court to seek a divorce from his wife. Back to Tennessee came the report that the divorce had been granted in the summer of 1791, while Rachel was visiting in Natchez, Miss. Jackson, who had fallen in love with her hut had not spoken of his love while she was still RobnrUs wife, sought her out and they were married. Tiie young couple soon returned to Tennessee and went to live at the home. Hunter's Hill, which Jackson, now United States attorney and already marked(as a man wtio would become famous, had established in Nash; J?ACHL 'SJCKSa By ELMO SCOTT WATSON AXUARY 8 is a day for recalling a famous American fight and a famous American fighter. The fight was the battMf New Orleans, which place on January S, 1813. and which is .unique in srtiry as being a battle the treaty of peace end-ha- d 'fought W the been signed. The Gen. Andrew Jackson, by profession, ;Ii jp' lea, tar, hailed e war with tiie Creek war with tiie British as "Old tribute to the toughness ler as a man, and later by them to the ency as the first representative new American democracy to the White House, after a long there by Virginia and Massachu-aristocrat- J tp In-h- s. Andrew Jackson is a symbol of tmnetlilng so intensely American that, the words of a recent biographer, people still delight In the leg of his prowess, of his lurid lan- of his imperious and dictato- As a small boy temper. h ones reeling into American a saber cut ou his head las the years gather upon him they .am with steel and blood. It was soaring career, resounding to the (jar of cheering multitudes, of mus-frHe was a of artillery. ")&at duelist, a great soldier and a Teat lover, lie was fiery, quixotic, l',est and loyal. He was curiously .la gw L ... hls-wit- ... fcr . Andy picture of Jackson, the boy, and Old Hickory, the man, cutting and slashing his way to power, a raucous fellow, an fellow, hut withal a man who had a code and lived up to it, is too familiar to Americans to necessitate calling it up again on the anniersary of his great victory. In the light of these characteristics it is more interesting to call up that other picture of him, because of the vivid contrast which it presents who the picture of the great lover For the was so curiously romantic. his bestory of Andrew Jackson and loved Rachel, tiie woman he loved to the end of his days, is one of the most beautiful romances In American hisThe d e, heavy-hande- d tory. r The story of this romance goes back to the year 1779 when Col. John Virginia planter, a a led a party of 200 emigrants on trip hy flatboat from old ort Patrick Henry in East Tennessee (ear the present city of Kingsport) the Middle Basin of Tennessee. The brunch n rip was made dow tiie upper f the Itolston to the Tennessee river, Its whole length to the Ohio, Up tiie Ohio to the Cumberland' and hetije up that stream to the biufTs Col. Juoies Robertson and an had estnb-party of settlers was to width frontier outpost oihe the city of Nashville. It had ten ixmelsons party four months j Complete their journey and during " time they Imd known the horrors ,mhim uittst k, hitter winter weather ,ni Hie R',.(iiirge of smallpox. Anion th , s twehe-Zr'0- d Party w.s Pone'son e Don-elso- n, well-to-d- o lOoO-mil- n Rahel. nl.o . daughter, life linrd'liips of front.er de-or'- ,lle hnp. bot.iuse of them grew np '1 crii hoiimii! o d. 'l hove wim in p,,m. on icver tired, ' -- I "f tl,r h(r Svveetess !.v. tellil ? nk t11'' SHys John 1,1 mid 'Jnitwood "'.' Iur mitnral Moore, d ville. ' Two years later Jackson and his wife learned that she was not legally divorced from Robards when the marriage ceremony in Natchez had taken place. The scandal mongers and Jackson's political enemies became busy with the tale. Robards had waited three years, after filing his first application, before finally securing the final decree of divorce. Immediately afterwards. on January 17, 1794, Jackson remarried his wife. Then he bought two dueling Mstols and served notice upon his enemies that he would kill any man who assailed his wifes name or the purity of their motives when they were first married. For a time the tongues of his enemies were silenced. Then, as the result of a dispute over a horse race, a young man named diaries Dickinson, who seems to have been made the tool of Jackson's political enemies, after a session of heavy drinking denounced Jackson as a coward and a poltroon and added the further .Insult of declaring that, "He lived two years with his wife before he was married to her. The result was the Picldnson-Jacksoduel in which Dickinson wns killed. Dickinson fired Jack-sofirst and seriously wounded Later Jackson suid to Ins second, If lie had missed me, I intended to shoot in the air, but when I felt ids ball plow through my ribs, I would have killed him if he had shot me now-famo- n n. through the heart. Tiie deatli of Dickinson silenced Jacksons enemies for awliiie and he and his wife enjojed a period of happiness at Hunter's Hill. Then he lost tiie major part of his estate of some 30 ikki acres through d ht, hut on the part which lie retained lie built a group of log houses and one frame building. To the new estate he gave tne name of The Hermitage. Soma y time later he built a handsome brick house to care for the Increasing number of guests who were coming to visit tills rising young frontiersman. In 179C he was elected to congress and the following year he accepted, an appointment to fill a seat In the United States senate, not so much because he was ambitious himself, but because he wanted to lift his beloved Rachel to a Social position which would show his pride in her. Within a year tie resigned, served a short time as a judge of tiie Supreme court in Tennessee and then, happy in the thought that he was through with public life, looked forward to spending the remainder of til years as a gentleman planter at The Hermitage. But the outbreak of the War of 1812 called him Into service again as the commander of Tennessee volunteers to fight tiie Creek Indians who had gone on the warpath. In January, 1814, he defeated the Creeks in two pitched battles and ended tiie war in March at the Great Horseshoe Bend on tiie Tallapoosa river. As the result of his splendid campaign he was made maJor-generJn. the regular army, Then came word that the British' were preparing to attack New Orleans and Jackson with his small army of 2,000 men there won one of the most astounding battles in history defeating Paken ham's British veterans and inflicting upon them a greater loss than Jackson's own force. This victory made him the hero of the old French city and in ids triumph Rachel Jackson shared. For he sent for her to come to New Orleans and there this daughter of the frontier won the hearts of the granddames Of Louisiana with her naturalness and her lack of They presented her with a set of topaa jewelry and gave a grand ball in her honor at which the Victor of New Orleans" proudly led her out ns his first choice as a dancing partner. By this time Jackson had become a national figure with the promise of further public honors in store for him. His devoted Rachel hoped that he would return to Tennessee and In the quiet of life at the Hermitage recuperate his health which had been shattered by his arduous campaigns. But she soon realized that her ambition was not to be reulized. As tiie Presidential campaign of 1824 drew near Tennessee was clamoring for her favorite son to be a candidate. He made the race, won the largest popular vote, but In the electorial college John Quincy Adams, aided by Henry Clay, J' , was the winner. Four years later another campaign was on and again Jackson was a cana didate. The campaign of 1S28 bitter one and once more Jacksona enemies unearthed the charge of his illegal marriage. Jackson withheld his wrath until the election was over, but he desired more ardently than ever to win so that he could vindicate his wife by making her the First Lady of the Land. That would be her supreme triumph over those who spoke ill of her. The result of the election was a victory for Old Hickory." When the news came to the Hermitage, Rachel Jackson, after much persuasion, set forth for Nashville to obtain a wardrobe In keeping with her new station. The honor of being the Ife was not ohe which President's she had coveted, but her husbands wish was her Inw and she planned to accompnny him to Washington and sharp in his triumph. While seated in the back parlor of a hotel in Nashville she overheard herself discussed as the woman who was hampering a great mans rise to fame. For the first time there came to her horrified ears the stories which had been circulated about her and which her husband had succeeded in keeping from her knowledge. Her servants said she returned to her home looking stunned. Within a few das slip suffered a heart attack from which she failed to the desire to live. fully. She had For 10 hours a heart broken man sat at tier bedside liplplpss to aid her Then slip died and with her died al1 happiness for Andrew Jaikson. two-stor- s o-- t ('t) 1930 Western Newspaper Union ; pounds at the same age. 2. Tiie rate of growth obtained was . greater than that heretofore reported. 3. The mash and grain consumption per bird for the first 24 weeks was S8.05 pounds and .16.12 pounds for the Bronze and White Holland varieties. respectively. 4. The feed cost of producing a pound of gain was 14.7 cents for the Bronze and 15.3 cents for the White Holland. 6. As the birds approached maturity, the feed required to produce a pound of gain Increased from 2J58 to 7.71 pounds. 6. The protein Intake remained at a high level until the eighteenth week, varying around 20 per cent. From tiie eighteenth to the twenty-fourtweek the level decreased from 20.2 per cent to 14.8 per cent . 7. More titan 93 per cent of all turkeys started were raised to market Experiments at the Kansas and eaperiment stations have demonstrated thatrod liver oil la a valuable feed Tor both Vena andyoung chicks that do not have an abundance of sunshine. This product- contains a vitamin that helps to take the place of sunshine, In that It helps the bird or chicks to make proper use of the minerals tn their rations. With hens that are used for breeders this helps to develop a better shell on the egg. .This seems to Cause the eggs to hatch better, as s better lime content Is furnished the chicks gnd less evaporation takes place., In addition It makes hens healthier, thereand vigor by. Improving Jhe' vitality ' v of the flock; - .' In the. northern part of the United States It Is necessary' to batch oojqo chickens before It ' la possible for them to run outside where'' they get the benefit of direct. sunshine., The' addition of from 1 to pef eent of cod rickliver oil to the mash ets and help to keep the chicks In the beet' of health. - - i wllL-preven- t Raising Turkeys While Confined Is Practical . The Minnesota plan of raising turkeys in confinement consists in matching and rearing artificially and ranging them on dean soil. One plan is to build a roosting shelter In the middle of the range, containing four trup , one leading into each fetiyed dohj-sioL, The entire fenced area contains abqut an acre of land over which no poultry have ranged, for several years. . Each acre lot has proven large'Vtfcflgh for.200 or 300 young turkeys' when tljpy are turned out of a different trap door Into a different lot at 'least once each mostly The 'plan calls feeding and keeping the turkeys away from chick ens at all times. one-quart- -- . Some --iffi $atjeded The Ohio .experiment station Is ad- vising the (fee of brooder stoves in those laying hohirhlch are subject to extreme changes "Id temperature. Poultry raisers realize the disastrous consequences of a 40 to 50 degree drop In temperature, and can modify this change without cutting off the air necessary to carry off moisture. Shutting up the chicken house to the point where moisture accumulates, weakens the resistance of the whole flock to disease. Get Fertile Eggs Most of the eggs afe fertile within five days after a male bird Is plnced with the females, but it,"Is better to mate the pens two to four weeks before one wishes to sine eggs, so that the tdrds nmy become accustomed o their new quarters and to each other In case another male has been with tiie floik before putting a new matt ll be sure tiie in, one cannot all te fertilized hy the new mah until at least three weeks hav. egg-wi- elapsed. . "i iff- - ;V 13. I tt&S r t - if- 'f i . ' ' t - - vV . tf ' Vvv v .V1' - i NEW YEAR'S EVE j, SOME will celebrate eve with dancing . merriment Some &S.A aw will celebrate with blowing e! hqnwv and wearing of paper etpC , j. Some .will celebrate New Tears eve with quiet , boaM 1 V-v- , n . partiea. Some w hei( celebrate Mew j ; ?- Tears eve wa. Tear's eve tp M9 8. Wisconsin x 'Vhi age. ' : Cod Liver Oil Help to Breeders and Chickens T. 4 ' jk I h The loss from blood and feather dressing for tiie males was 9.5 per cent; for the females, 10.4 per cent. The full drawn birds showed a total shrinkage of 24 2 and 24.7 per cent for the males and females, respectively. These differences are due o size, not to sex. 9. Excellent market birds were produced in complete confinement. ft ffc , HT do we start our New s,. Tear on January IT - And why Is our newest year numbered 1931 T ' , "Put the first question to tiie first ten persona you meet, suggests a bulletin sent out from the Washington (D. C.) headquarters of the National Geographical society, "anq you will probably get three or less . satisfactory r answers. "Put the second question to tne same persons and perhaps half of them' will Insist that exactly 1930 years have elapsed since lie" da or'the'brrTfTbf Christ. "It would be reasonably correct to' answer both questions by the statement t, 'Because of ah error. There la really no reason for starting each new year on the day called January 1, except that Julius Caesar, so decreed (t when he reformed the calendar approximately . 1,977 years ago. Bat the day of the year that Cqesar called January 1 la not the day .that we so designate Instead It Is'tbe day that we now call 'December 28.' "Because Caesar assumed the year to he 11 minutes and 14 seconds longer than it realty It, the, dates crawled through the centuries, away from ths positions that Jnllua Caesar gave them, until by 1582 they were 14 days out of place. January 1 had advanced almost to the middle of, the 'January marked ont by Caesar. I In attempting to correct this discrepancy. Pope Gregory turned the calendar back, not to Its position in Caesars day, but to Its position at the time of the Church Council of Nlcaea In 325 A. D., wherr the calendar already had crawled forward four days. Had Pope Gregory made a complete correction, January 1 would have fallen on the day that we now call December 28. But after all. the fact that Jan uary l'ta still, four days away from the position fixed by the flat of a Roman emperor Is of no great signifThe really important matter icance. is that the date shall not drift from its moorings, so to speak, "and take np new positions with reference to the seasons; and Its stability within a very tiny range was properly assured hy the corrections which Pope Gregory made. The year Is a repetition of the same months and days, and can best be thought of as a circle. A jtrip around a circle can start at any point; and similarly the year could be thought of as starting on any day. In fact, throughout the past, different peoples have started the year In all' four of the seasons. The Jews began tbelr year early in September, the Romans on March 25, the Egyptian! on September 21, the Greeks on t December 21, and the Persians began their year on August 11. There are, howeer, four logical places to start a new year, based on Those astronomical considerations. are: the winter solstice, which now falls on December 22, the summer solstice. June 21 ; the spring equinox. March 20; and the aufi&mn equinox. September 23. Julius Caesar and His astronomical advisors, when they ar-- . hitrnrily started their reformed year nt the point called January 1, missed hy only seven days one of the most logical possible yearly starting (mints : tiie winter solstice. Tills Is a logical starting point for tiie people of the northern hemisphere (and their Inter osts lime so far dominated world because nt that time Hie sun lias completed its apparent yeuriy , , , . ; . I ' ,r ome wm eSebrafe he tusher. r L' In of a'eyr. Tear ;wiu great deal of Bqfea, and zomb-- ; will welcome v quietly. . Bur no matter what yoor J J. methodcfiatroduelng thANcw j ' Tear trf?JNvld of your may ,WnuQP have, the. linear ; ; in all 'yefrriff'llff'fe ever-hByour lives so that at thcand " ' , of It yon will eay:-"-- Jt d ' MMt i et wonarful ; "WMKrt jr.eet,lHMarjf Gfahnin Bonner. klU0. Wwtrffl ; NrpyyJJtlloa turns back northward, .bringing In creased light am) waymtlt. Vtan Oae reformed the calendar is , si gpl lb n . astronomical event V6. When rwMaT Tibe jJfT.afUr wih ether &ta. . experl-mea4tK- if. choee De-which to Jenna, ft choee et Kittle tor fclttpof thedrt tfcfct had. h2P marked out under tk, solstice ' 'Bht'dveo lng to Utopia drrefv led moved from the ky the time the ChristmM Cratke.tKkfl general. the calendar tu&jmwled forward m-t- il the day catted 1December 2d qc curred four days later then the solstice. As the centuries passed, ChristmM crawled tea Additional days away from . When Pope Gregory np the aotstIC plied hie correction to the calendar he' pushed December 25 tea days back Of Its farthest advance, but left It stltt four days - eway from the winter - 7 ; ' solstice. 'v . "The Christian era as Wme meae-.- u ring device, distinguished by- the nfaafc i bCrlng of the yeM to both direction from the suppoeed-blrt- l was not D. and did not come iqtu In Europe until aboil lOOOA. D. la ' the year 527 the evldepto eA to the time of Christs birth rWgdWt very, V dependable, and it la nmASffed'byl.. 7 many iholars that theca4po&tioft0it, iWiid -- - cr . et. , - H 1 i s p The Day Called January 1 Is Arbitrary Starring Point which the Christian era. was baaed were in error by from throb to seven-years- . We call our New(.Vbar 1931, therefore, not because w know it to be the nineteen hundred and thirty-fir- st year since the birth of Christ, hot because a monk named Dionysius Exlguus wrongly calculated the birth year. If the present year bore Its Strictly proper label It would probably be numbered between 1937 and 1938.' A. D. Much Activity on New Years Eve- seems to ie growing. New Years Id popularity us a time for Jollity jimli anil t.he average good fellowship, American leels lost utile s lie has and "do plans to "go somewlie : on the e- e tdrn of ee Miim-ihin- the jear. y ) I c |
