Show DREW PEARSON EDI TO RIALS 4A OGDEN UTAH THURSDAY EVENING AUGUST 18 1955 Backstage Pressure Delayed Action in Capital Transit Strike WASHINGTON — Here is an son had been a generous Code Recognizes Torture Can Break Men or did under cans who said It is said that one of the purposes of the new code for U S fighting men that is now being widely discussed is to lay the grounds for some uniformity in the treatment of prisoners of war who break under enemy torture or bribery The American people will welcome this aim because there has arisen from time to time a suspicion that justice was not always being served with impartiality This suspicion may have been based upon a lack of complete information Nevertheless it has existed and it is not good for citizens to have even the faintest suspicion that the men who have served their country! in combat and suffered imprisonment should suffer further because they broke under barbarous treatment inflicted by the enemy Men in authority have said that Ameri Praise of Mountains A New York Times man probably fresh from a vacation wrote an editorial about mountains which included the following observations: "One approaches them and senses the presence of great forces Forces beyond man's - easy comprehension It is well enough to think of such an upthrust on the earth's- old iforehead but even as wrinkles they are stupendous And In their presence man is inconsequential And there is a strange reality fpr man the j as-wrinkl- - insignificant rises in the mountains presence to a kind of magnificence of his own It is essentially emotional and not often conscious but who can stand in the presence of such a thing as a mountain and rei main unchanged?" We should invite the writer to come out here and live with us in the midst of many mountains that should trap his imagination and inspire him to even greater writing On the other hand perhaps he should not come to stay but only for visits To remain permanently might cause him to lose his enthusiasm and take the mountains for granted as some of us are guilty of doing forgetting how blessed we are to live among v them iu We remember one westerner who never lost his enthusiasm for mountains and that'' was the late James H Knauss one of the first secretaries of the Ogden Elks Lodge In a day when folk from small towns were supposed to be overawed by tall buildings in the big cities Mr Knauss used to say that a mountain man was never a rube because nothing that man could "display ever rivaled the size and majesty of the mountains in his back and front yard back home y' : things things cruel pressures which should not have been said or done have been excused It is hoped that this is so The new code takes account of the fact that "any man can be broken if enough: pressure is put upon him" The admission of this fact should tend to prevent the development of injustices The reminder from the military that the code for the man in uniform should also be considered the code for the citizen because the next war is likely to extend to main street has a chilling sound There is of course a gruesome aspect to the entire code because it is an acknowledgement that those who are likely to be our enemies in the next: war can't be depended upon to obey rules dictated by civilization and humane instincts other illustration of how the tributor to the Democrats fourth branch of government the "By mentioning that" said lobbyists operates backstage in Morse "you've guaranteed that Washington before Just - Once the storm is in motion Passport Office Leaving Dingy Office Behind for New Quarters - : Tomorrow's Wizardry To celebrate the growth of the electronics industry in California—now a billion a year giant and growing rapidly — Los Angeles Times issued a supplement this week in which an industry spokesman was quoted in-erpas- ed about the future This forecaster sees the day when electricity will be conducted through' the home by high frequency electronics instead of wiring systems G-- Small Businesses Have Good Many Advantages GLOUCESTER am Evanston 111 of the founder of here for a short vacation at my the National Small Business birthplace — a small city which is Men's Assn DeWitt M Emery now noted as a fishing port and He died at the young age of 59 summer resort but is gradually having given his life to the unbecoming a thriving suburb of selfish work of encouraging young Greater Boston persons to start a business for With its high land themselves streets and island locaHe claimed that cities are now tion it has a wonderful making' a great mistake in declimate a beautiful harbor and a pending only upon large manubright future My 'father had a facturing corporations owned in dry goods and novelty store here New- York or some other laree 50 years ago This little store my city- He believed it is like a family has built up to some 450 church expecting to prosper with out a- - Sunday School—or even the corporate ownership of the like a family expecting to prosper United Stores Corp In fact its without- children Also much is stock is now listed on the big owed to Ernest Gaunt New York Stork Exchange are happening today In those days' all industries which could benefit the "small here were locally owned Then an businessman" First the federal ambitious and industrious young tax laws have been amended to man could buy or start a fishing give him a break The labor business or granite quarry or unions-- as a rule — do not bother small factory of his own Today the small "independent operthe situation is very different ator" hoping that their members Nearly all the industries require themselves may some day be one much capital and are owned by Increasing the minimum national large corporations outside Glou- wage to one dollar will probably cester exempt a small operator or store This is true of most cities it is keeper This could be an advan not i healthy situation It is tage to the small manufacturer especially noticeable when I am with lower overhead and fewer helping Babson Institute grad- employes uates to a position: They can PERSONAL SERVICE easily get a position starting at I forecast that some people $300 per month: but it will be will always want personal attena with large company The smaltion from specialists whom they concerns and business ler younger cannot afford to pay such salaries know and trust I believe in pensions modern factories and air to beginners conditioning - but these things V FOUNDER PIES will not take the place of personal One reason - for writing this attention by interested employes column ' today is the death at People like attention they want all-ye- ar - Yet-thing- s — to deal with owners of a business whom they know and trust Most employes are today missing a great opportunity to become truly interested In the success of the business in which they are em ployed The increasing congestion of automobiles (due to the dumb ness of local city governments in not providing employers with sufficient parking lots) is causing many families to move to other areas to get work k The parking nuisance however will give young businessmen an opportunity to call at homes and take orders for goods More business will be done in the evewill nings "Wagon-peddlers-" number and usefulness I forecast that the cvcle of the past 100 years from family-owne- d little businesses to big corporations will gradually reverse and return to small specialty factories LESSONS FROM ABROAD Every time I go to Europe I am impressed by the number of families who live on their business and are thus able to igve "24 hour" service: Were! a 'young manand had a good wife this is the way I would start instead of working for a big company Or better still I should try forking for and some day own a smalltown newspaper! I surely would bo into someform of mefehandu: ing or advertising where I could use new ideas and be an individual and not get into a labor-unio- n off-stre- et rut A small manufacturer or shopkeeper however willing to work and having "a eood turnover ned not fear sudden changes and new methods Many of them can work' to his advantage if he will attend to his trade r It found in a spot check that per cent of the papers in those 16 million files were in the wrong place Rush hour phone 13 calls were backed up 22 deep — waiting Here was why it took so long to get a passport in spite of the fact the staff worked 12 hours six days in the tourist season There was one room that intrigued Miss Knight Girls sat in there pasting identification photos in passports and then stamping them with the U S seal ' There was an old fashioned hot glue pot — really an antique The girls brushed the hot glue on the back of the photo then pressed and dried it with a hot electric iron It took a - couple more operations to apply the seal One thing was modem about this process It seems thje- - glue doesn't dry if the humidity was high so one concession wak made to modernity An air conditioner was installed j - SIMPLY SWEAT Director Knikht and the rest of the staff of around 300 employes - simply sweat and sit in it The Civil War wood shutters are shut on the east and south exposure to keep out the broiling Washington summer sun They work in semidarkness in the high celinged rooms because that's cooler There are floor fans for the feet They can't have overhead fans because they might blow the passport papers out the unscreened window June wasn't so bad but July was a scorcher The hotter blonde Miss Knight got the madder she got She went to Congress for rent money so she could move She called in Bureau of Standards and Census! Bureau to design her some new machinery for record handling She thinks one machine could be built to do this photo pasting and sealing in one operation— bingo!— like that It may take a touple of years to get these machines But sometime about then it should be possible to get an American passport i ' f : in a hurry These modern times require each one must keep that j of each and every abreast ?to pass the hardhappening we must proceed test est be steadfast with caution and if we are to find all the time and days that are happiness we cannot falter on sublime for fear of being the way lost' we must have strength to help us pay and fortitude life moves around the cost at rapid pace each days brings the human something new to gain race is running hard topsy-turvand what it is due is this world m fantastic which we dwell making peoin the ple move much faster to we are excel effort just runlike nervous squirrels I for ning rampant in a cage we're captured by the "turmoil of this modern day and age y Wolfson was recorded as contributing the amazing amount of $200000 ran Sen Wayne Morse Wolfson's campaign up against contributions when trying to him to testify regarding the Capita! Transit strike Wolf-so- n at first appeared to be ducking the Senate District ot Columbia Committee McNAMARA EXPLODES And when Morse - pressed the search Sen Symington came to him advised that Wolf- instance (D-Or- e) sub-pon- ea (D-M- ENGLISH LESSON for Fuller Warren elect Gov o) When Morse mentioned this and other pressure to his fellow DC committee member Sen Pat McNamara of Michigan Pat's Irish temper exploded Immediately they issued a "forthwith" subpoena the toughest subpoena the Senate can issue Eventually Wolfson turned up J and testified Meanwhile his lobbying forces started working on the White House veto the transit-seizurbill The pressure Morse found was being applied by David Char-na- y shrewd brilliant one of the most successful public relations men in the nation's capital an intimate friend of en Styles Bridges of New Hampshire It had takenj a lot of pressure on Speaker Sam Rayburn and other congressional leaders to get the transit-seizurbill passed yet now it was stymied in the White So Sen Morse phoned House Commissioner Sam Spencer Ike's appointee as "mayor of Washine !: e gton" "I- have reason to believe" warned Morse "that pressure is being applied to the White House not to sign your bill" "Oh no nothing like that could happen" replied Commissioner Spencer Next day he agjreed that Morse Assistant seemed to be' fight President Sherman Adams had advised delay told him it might be possible to settle the strike -without seizure - it" "I can't understand Com- missioner Spencer told the senator from Oregon "You're right that the White House staff is urging that the bill be vetoed You certainly must have some inside information" The inside Information Morse had learned was that Sen Bridges of New Hampshire friend of Charnay's was urging Assistant President Adams of New Hamp- shire to kill the Capital Transit biU- 11 suggest tha the President be reminded that this is a Repub lican Diiij Morse toia spencer "and that you commissioners wrote it" Meanwhile members of t h e Washington Board of Trade got into the pressure picture on the side of Capital Transit argued at the White House that seizing a company during a labor argument created a bad precedent Faced with these pressure forces the President waited 12 days from the day Congress had rushed through the bill "on request" Then he signed It — 38" hours before it would have been killed by a pocket veto ' By W L GORDON WORDS OFTEN MISUSED Do not say "He can illy afford to buy the house" Say "He can ill afford" OFTEN MISPRONOUNCED Magazine Principal accent Is oa last syllable not the ficst OFTEN MISSPELLED Metallurgist observe the two! l's SYNONYMS Safe secure sure certain sured guarded protected in- - i Ep-wor- WORD STUDY old-fashion- ed customs" th j i "Use a word three times and it its yours" Let us increase our vocabulary by mastering one word each day Today's word: EMANCIPATION act or process of freeing liberation "We need emancipation from certain - the Oquirrh Institute of the 10 YEARS AGO League held at Redcliffe A" farewell party for Mr and camp in South Fork Canyon ApMrs! William Thornton who had proximately 100 boys and girls in the programs accepted an assignment to the participated LDS British Mission was held in Breaking all their fishing recthe Eighteenth LDS Ward chapel ords 33 Future Farmers of They were reportedly the first America boys of Weber County to be called to a foreign mission returned from their annual tour since peace was declared in Eu-' of "Yellowstone National Park and rope an itinerary of the best fishing to of $4995 Wesley holes under supervision of Vent Payment Stoddard contractor on culinary Oberhansley Weber High School water wells at the Ogden Munici- instructor pal Airport was approved by the 50 YEARS- AGO " The payment city' commission represented 25 per cent oh the A merry group of mail service bid on well No 1 men paused in Ogden While-othe way to San Francisco While Building permits issued from here tbey were the guests of L July 10 to date by the Ogden M Linsley chief clerk of the city engineer's office totaled service from Ogden to San Fran$141370 Most of the permits cisco y ' ul were for dwellings and for residence and business remodeling The Ogden Furniture land Carpet Co which had received large 20 YEARS AGO orders for school desks from both Weber County Board of Educa- the Ogden City and Weber Countion had decided it would be im- ty boards of educationhad also possible to accommodate students received an order for 150 from from Ogden High School at the Morgan County Weber County High School" beOwing to the fact that cabs and cause the county school building hotel wagons came close to the was housing more children than at the east entrance of the it was intended to accommodate walk Union Station railway officials Young people of the Utah decided to dig out the dirt north Methodist churches had returned of the walk and put sand and from the 14th annual session of gravel in its place j '" i ' n " Oldest Library I Oldest of its kind in the United States is the New Hampshire State Library Early in the 18th century the governor and poun-c- il ordered all books owned in the province brought together so they would be easily accessible m i 1 i - QUESTIONS AND ANSVJERS i Z it f gave the famous midget Charles Sherwood Stratton the name of Tom Thumb? A— P T Barnum although this name was not original with him It was suggested by the name of a legendary pygmy of King Arthur's court q— Are bighorns the largest T sheep? — A No the largest wild sheep is the Argali found in the -- Altai Mountains of Siberia and Mongolia Q— Who J v ! ? - ? ! -- J ' ' j - '111 - : r Passport Office is moving into new at left Director Frances Knight knocks a now houspiece of plaster off the almost crumbling walls of the Civil War-er- a building to be stored have which on floor contain dead files ing the Passport Office Boxes in the basement because there is no rOom for them in the office At right is a staff member pasting photos onto passports using an archaic glue pot and hot irons which method will be stream-ne- d the picture onto the passport The old in the new building REASON FOR A CHANGE —Here's why 'quarters in Washington D C In photo the U S time-consumi- 1 i 'This Day and Age" & WASHINGTON — The U1 S Passport Office is moving into new quarters around Labor Day but it hopes to leave its cockroaches behind Literally The Passport Office staff has been sweating it out in the old Civil War relic Winder Building on 17th Street across from Old State since early World War II They ref ere to one section of the file rooms as the cowshed and to another as the hog house Air this within a block of the White House showplace of Washington As postwar travel has the PassDort Office has expanded into two adjacent an nex buildings then into three floors over a restaurant The thousands of file cabinets are now crowded on 11 floors in three buildings j MASTER FILE There is a master index file In the main building with nearly 17 million cards in it There is a card and a file for everyone who ever applied for a passport For the fiscal year ending June 30 the staff turned out a record 499941 passports and renewals This was over four a minute for every working day In 'June there was a record 71626 or nearly seven a minute Gradually over the years dead files in cardboard boxes have been crowded into the cellars of the bid buildings These cellars had served as cells for Confedi erate captives brought to Wash ington for questioning by whatever brass served as 2 in Mr Lincoln's army The cockroaches in these eel lars are some of the largest and most aristocrat in Washington: Their ancestors used to see Mr Lincoln himself walk across the street from the White House and write out in longhand his messages to be sent by that wonderful new invention the telegraph CLEANUP ORDERED When Miss Frances Knight took over as director of the Passport Office on June 1 she called in a management survey team from General Services Administration for a cleanup ' BURROUGHS By SON ED bs ROGER BABSON ES SKETCH BEN PETER the Atlantic seaboard Even if the scientists know what causes them and gives them direction the vast storms are far too powerful to be diverted in the slightest degree even by atomic or The communities 'in their path have- to content themselves with being thankful: that the weather men have developed real skill in charting the hurricane: path and giving many hours of warning H-bom- : -- it begins v "air-conditione- 'tt 'T j IMAGINE! ME A BEAST OF BURDEN!" -- -l - '-- e Electronics will start yourcar on a cold winter dayafter a breakfast cooked by elec- tronics in a home where television watches the nursery as well as the kitchen Another spokesman said that electronics cooking through "which the longest meal can be prepared in two minutes is a real possibility He disclosed there already exHurricane Mysteries ists equipment to bake several hundred In a day when science has the facilities potatoes for a hotel or big restaurant in to study many aspects of a hurricane- - in- less than a minute' Time was when predictions such as cluding airplanes to pierce the very eye of the turbulence it is interesting to learn these were greeted with scoffing disbelief that the weather people still do not know and those who made them viewed as crack-pott- y how a hurricane originates True theories Vbut no longer have been advanced but meteorologists Today's reaction to predictions of toare far from being' in agreement about morrow's wizardry is: When will I be able them to buy one of those things at the store? Mass X r fir to go places but the weather men are still trying to learn what determines its direction Where the storms once moved west they now frequently travel north to strike at lic This strike has had one of the most crippling effects on the nation's capital in years Yet financier Louis Wolf son the Florida shipyard operator who owns Capital Transit and has been trying to acquire Montgomery Ward literally thumbed his nose at the people of Washington Finally a bill was introduced to take over the company and the commissioners of the district who are Republican demanded that Congress stay in ses-sion until the bill was passed Speaker Sam Rayburn though anxious to adjourn reluctantly did stay in session and did pass bill the transit-seizurBut despite the demand of his own Republican commissioners Ike delayed signing it MYSTERIOUS PRESSURES What was the reason for this strange delay? Wfey the demand on the part of Ike's Republican appointees for action and then the mysterious delay by Ike himself The answer is: Backstage pressure by the lobbyists And here is howk the lobbyists worked: First Capital Transit boss Wolfson has been a heavy contributor to both Republicans and He and his colDemocrats leagues placed money on the election campaigns of certain senators just as a gambler places money on different numbers around a roulette wheel figuring that one or the other would pay off This is a common practice by the officials of big corpora tions Having contributed to a senator they then feel no compunction about asking favors from that senator In the Florida campaign- - to " : - well subpoena him" ad- Congress journed it rushed through a bill permitting the District of Columbia government to seize the Capital Transit Co long on strike and operate its buses and street cars for the benefit of the pub- 'One of :the theories holds that when conditions are right warm sea air rises over a great area The rising air reduces pres sure As air rushes into the region of low pressure the rotation of the earth gives a cyclonic movement to the inrushing cur- rents con ng comes only from rotted plants and trees buried deep tinand large der the ground amounts of coal were discovered Coal in 1940 " many points are there on the crown of the' Statue of Liberty? "i 1 A— Seven Q— How Q— How did the ccstoai 'pt christening ships originate? A— Christening a new ship by breaking a bdttle of wineover its prow is believed to be ai survival of the ancient custom cf Q—Where did the tern dedicating each vessel to tha Mardi Gras originate? piotection of a "godThe wine probably represents the libaticn A — Mardi Gras means "fat out in connection with a poured Tuesday" It is French phrase sacrifices ox which to the fat which refers used to be paraded through the Q— Who was the last CivU ' streets of the festival town War veteran to beccrs rrtrS-dent- ? ! f - do scientists know 'v was once a Antarctic that the A—William IlcIUrJey who ti warm region? the age of 18 volunteered fcr tl x v A— The discovery of coal in- Union 'Army By the end cf tl3 dicates that the continent was war McKinley had risen to th once covered with vegetation rank of major i Q-II- ow 4 |