Show U- SUNDAY MORNING - APRIL 3 4 THE OGDEN (UTAH) 1955 k 3ft STANDARD-EXAMINE- R Trying to Show Neither Side Has the Upper Hand z - ' I t - y Forces of Freedom Fight Tyranny on a Thousand Battlefields Throughout the! World Use Every Medium Possible in Cold War 1 j By ROGER D GREENE ' WASHINGTON (AP) — The most deadly weapons in this age ' of the undropped bomb and the unfired gun are the spoken word " and the expressed idea President Eisenhower pointed up this striking aspect of the cold war when he said: “The forces pf freedom and the forces of tyranny are met in a struggle in which the battlefields are indeed the minds aqd souls of men” It is a battle being fought on a thousand fronts throughout the world andj in- - almost every medium through which ideas can be expressed ' Who is winning? According to a survey throughout Europe and the Far East the issue is very much in doubt Each side has made sharp gains and suffered severe losses in heavy ideological fighting But over-athe survey gave neither side a clearcut upper hand One fact Stands out: Reds Boost Campaign Since the world’s great armies were frozen into- What amounts to an atomic stalemate Russia has tremendously stepped up her campaign to win people and territory by means 'mdfe subtle than v lt - arms' By radio perhaps the jnost ef- fective methods of reaching great population masses propaganda broadcasts by Russia- and her satellites have been increased during the past six years from 512 to 1435 hours per week By no means has the Soviet offensive been confined to radio It has made Its “efffcfrltnown'aF industrial fairs on athletic fields in cultural activities and from every other stage which can be used to promote the Russian point of view Propaganda Effective? How effective is such propaganda- in winning converts to communism?' No one pretends to know the exact answer People cross boundaries accept new ways Elife reasons too varied often too - Nevertheless if may be more than coincidence that during "the period of the stepped up propaganda campaign there have been certain new trends in the flow of refugees in and out of the ’ Iron Curtain For example 6000 to 7000 now leave Democratic y persons West Germany to settle in Communist East v Germany every month Last December 9028 came west and 7000 went East But in 7 only 1000 a month were going East The figures are from the West German ministry mid-195- 3 4- - Bonn Over the past fouri years an ‘ estimated 10000 Chinese school students have abandoned Democratic zones of the Far East leaving their homes and families to live in Red China At US Is Direct Target Both of these areas of' course have been prime targets in the Soviet propaganda offensive! But the ideological war is world-widthe United States itself has - v and become a direct target A total of -- 168 hours of propa tothis country gandais beaded‘transmitters each by short wave Communist of Tons pooks yveek pamphlets and magazines pbur in at every port of entry creating a massive prpblem for postal officials The Reds global assault has brought expressions of' concern from many observers that this country’s counter campaign has failed to meet the challenge These sources call attention to' the fact that the Voice of America pinched by economy measures has had to ‘cut its broadcasts from a peak of 349 hours im 1951 to 222 hours a week last January The United States Information Agency (USIA) which operates the Voice of America admits that it is having the toughest sort of battle despite extensive assistance fr6m private! agencies in its program of promoting American ideas abroad Fpr one thingthe’TJSIA must rely oo— truth —calm dignified e 4 '1 1 KTIL1 Z (Editor’s note: Although great armies may never march again' the East and West are are already at war The stakesIterri--tory the same — people and —but they are beind won with ideas rather thn guns Here is the story ofan ideological 1 struggle in which" the victor may win the world itself) and strictly factual — to counter boasts greats distortions and ' ) " accusations President Eisenhower sketched American strategy by saying: “In the worlds of Milton ‘Let truth and falsehood grapple who ever knew truth put to the worse in a free and open encounter?” But ome members of Congress have grave qualms about the way the battle is going And USIAofficials are extremely reluctant to venture an opinion Theodore C Streibert tall soft spoken USIA chief says cautiously: “Time is working in our favor The real motives of the United States as a- peace loving nation are being demonstrated We are Jiving out a denial of Communist accusations” Critics both here and abroad contend that US strategy seems based primarily on defensive counter punching rather than waging an aggressive fight to seize the initiative p casts” On the other hand Washing ton officials take a so what attitude toward the fact that Russia and her satellites are beaming propaganda to the United States Seems Like a Laugh At first glance-i- tr might seem like a laugh on the Soviets Haven’t they heard yet that the fad for short wave sets died out in the United States long ago? or that major U S radio manufacturers haven’t made popular-priceshort wave sets for nearly d 10 PRODUCTS A Successful Garden yer$? “The answer is simple” says a U S intelligence officer “The main object is to provide the Red line to Communist cells in this country1 That’s how the Communist Daily Worker gets its line from the Kremlin” USIA1 director Streibert former board chairman of the Mutual Broadcasting System acknowledges that' his agency is far from flawless In a recent speech to punch he asked his in the rather than counter-puncwits of battle global Have tOj be Smart Pleading for “new methods co-work- h j In the Bag! GARDEN INSURANCE new apsaid: “We We have to techniques Streibert proaches” hive tof be smart INSURANCE d show imagination and initiative Our people must stop being timid They must stick their necks out “Let’s not play it safe any more By playing safe we can lose out entirely” Some of the timidity undoubt- edly stemmed from the fact that the agency in its various forms has long been a target of con- - Crew members of the nuclear-poweresubmarine USS Nautilus work on deck as the sleek craft lays alongside pier at Groton Conn Cmdr Eugene P Wilkinson said that sea trials were a success and expressed his belief that the Nautilus would soon join the fleet d "The Green Mantle Fertilizer” e f 2955 Wash Blvd Ph j observed It is pointed out that if n much unrest were to bepro-I- n voked Communist governments might react ruthlessly to scatter and break all signs of resistance Richard J Condon European director of RFE says: “We tempt to provide' a reasoned biased and reliable report of western news and opinion spiced with satire music and entertain-- ' at-for- th j I ment “stories that ‘would tend to en- courage false hope rebellion sabotage or useless gestures! of resistance however brave and noble are strictly discouraged” "(Next: Does the U S talk too softly in the great war of words?) j wasa “brain injury” Everitt of Joplin Mo and wife had been caring for child for several weeks while mother Mrs Paul Hackney his the its is i j Phono 2-04- 02 Tells fill Sells Nothing ! “I was afraid I needed A hearing aid But thank good--ne- ss I sent for that booklet- JsTow I know I don’t need one after all !Maybe it will help as it helped me” you If you hear but don’t under stand perhaps you don’t need a hearing aid— as you’ll learn front this revealing 43- page booklet “Your Hearing and YourjHealth” It doesn’t! sell a thing not even a single word about all-transis- tor effects of vitamins and j ' y drugs on hearing whether deafness is inherited and many other revealing facta And this booklet is FREEL FREE of charge and FREE of salesmanship Send for your copy today! 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THE Denver The father is 'a sergeant stationed here with Everitt Military authorities said they launched an investigation of the child’s death when evidence was turned up indicating “possible mistreatment prior to death” The authonties said no charges had been filed against Everitt hospitalized fStMm I jtqo 1 - j You Can $ave Even MORE KLEIJKE FLORAL 4-3- 474 knows freedom But they recog-ment’- s nize that certain limits must be FORT CARSON Colo (UP)— M Sgt Edward L Everitt was being held by Army authorities late yesterday in the death of little Dibbie Sue vho died Hackney Thursday night of what an autopsy showed - ’ NON-DRINKE- - Has aMasterpiece His masterpiece is “The Thing” It has taken the measure of hundreds of Baltimore teen-ager- s In fact only 237 — about one in 100 — have succeeded in finishing it The names of the victorious are solemnly inscribed on an ld 1 or pests including worms fungus crabgrass etc - PARIS (UP) — The government announced yesterday a series of welfare measures designed to raise the nation’s living standards and head off any possible labor honor roll in the dairy bar “The Thing” vhich is served strife a half gallon cardboard tub in r In a session under sells President Rene Coty the govern- cake for $125 and consists of a buried under 13 scoops of ment acted promptly onan array of decrees aimed at completing ice cream whole cherries crushed strawberries and a successfully Premier Edgar pineapple mass of whipped cream Faure’s plan for an economic sickening Modest Concoction new deal for the country These were the immediate gov“The Son of The Thing” goes ernment answers to demands for only 75 cents and is a modest which the labor unions had made: concoction which requires only 1 The hourly minimum pre- - part of an evening to consume mium is raised from 215 to 26 francs (six to seven cents) 2 The maximum difference be- - Duckett describes it The skyscraper on the menifttl tween the traditionally lower provincial salaries and the Paris is “Tall in the Saddle” which salaries must not exceed 12 per cent previously it was 135 per cent 3 The maximum difference between the family allowances in the provinces and those paid in 15 Paris is reduced from 20 to r MOSCOW (UP) G M Malenkov was seen recent-per cent A number of taxes — includ- - y driving frprii the Kremlin to tlie ing purchase tax— will be his home here spiking rumors of taken off a number of foods es his ‘mysterious disappearance” pecially fruit vegetables eggs it was reported yesterday p The report indicated that Malr enkov has returned from the tour of power stations in the Ural Firemen Lose Roof mountains that was said to Ohio (AP) — The count for his recent absence from state functions roof was burned off near-bWoodstock’s volunteer fire deNeither Malenkov’s departure partment headquarters last night nor his return was’ announced ofbut a fireman saved the engine ficially So all recent1 information apd water tank by driving them on his whereabouts has been from the building based on unconfirmed reports Injury Kills Tot Sergeant Is Held - Ridsthelawn of all soil at Commu- nist authors It was during a high tide of criticism that Congress took-thVoice of America away from the State Department end in August 1953 President Eisenhower created the USIA as an independent agency to handle all overseas information ' Big Friendly Man A big friendly man with a talent for- plain talk Streibert found morale at a low ebb when he took over his 17500-a-yea- r post 18 months ago! In addition to feeling the effects of widespread! criticism his employes had the jitters over a wave of hiring and firing that had accompanied" lappropriation slashes From a peak of $122700000 in fiscal 1953 the budget dropped to $77100000 in 1955 The agency is asking $85500000 for 1956 Within a month after- taking over the USIA leadership Streibert trimmed 2000 employes off the agency staff to keep within slashed appropriatipns but manages to instill a new spirit of confidence in the 10300 men and women who remained to tell the American story to the worjd Besides the Voice of America broadcasts — beamed to a poten-tial audience of more than 400 million persons with 75 pro- grams transmitted in 38 languages ranging from Russian to Mandarin Chinese— the USIA1 uses cartoons mobile exhibits movies and TV films books and leaflets and an overseas news service and even mail order cata- logues to drive home its message More than 150 USIA libraries in 67 countries outside the Iron Curtain claim a circulation of 10 million volumes a year- mostly devoted to the American scene Some 2Vz million copies of 318 books have been translated into 40 languages 6000 Words Daily The USIA Press Service transfile of mits a daily 6000-wornews commentary! and feature material from Washington to 10000 newspapers and other pub-- 1 lications in 56 countries abroad Reports from some countries indicate that much USIA literature winds up on editorial spikes Too much politics is a frequent complaint But Streibert says the material is widely used The USIA effort to promote American ideas abroad is bolstered by powerful support from other agpnries Radio Free Europe sponsored by the Crusade for Freedom in maintains 29 transmitters West Germany and Portugal beaming broadcasts to satellite countries with a combined population of 70 million Radio Liberation backed by the American Committee for Liberation of the5 peoples of Russia from Bolshevism addresses its transmitters to peoples within the Soviet Union “E” INSURANCE Available s) libraries with books by If Yea fertilizer For Lawns Only i atl&-TtfiIlio- ing the shelves Awtemobila LAWN INSURANCE r From Berlin the U S govern- RIAS (Radio in American Sector) aims jits campaign of Iruth' persons under communist rule in East Germany addition the Crusade for Freedom uses balloons to waft millions of leaflets across the Iron Curtain The balloon venture brought a new type of Communist attempt —to the de- - of its sponsors lightRadio Free Europe (RFE) tab-- j ulated 223 separate denunciations by the press and radio of Czecho-- i Slovakia- - target of the initial campaign lqst spring and said Czech fighter planes were sent aloft to shoot down the balloons All of these agencies have the common aim of keeping alive hope of freedom as the west REGULAR STANDARD LOW RATE For Gardens and Lawns i Nautilus Is Ready to Join the Navy See FERTILIZER f stands a foot and a half high and sells for $150 It Is served in a flower vase The Duckett cred-- ’ its “screwball advertising” for his financial success The “Flying Saucer Sundae” which he fashioned to “Welcome Pilots of Flying Saucers” into his dairy bar started Duckett’s zany career in ice cream Its success' led hifti to develop a technique made famous in one Chicago hotel where practically everything on "the menu is in flames Duckett evolved “The Torch” a teen-ag-e titillator consisting of three scoops of ice cream and a banana liberally doused with chocolate On tpp is 'a sugar cube coated with lemon extract which is ignited before serving After1 that “The Thing” eamp naturally four-hou- fast-movin- g one-side- operation Robert Duckett who resembles TV star Steve Allen without the glasses takes his enormous sundaes Kseriously Since they were responsible for boosting his dairy bar at suburban Essex Md from a- take of less than $3000 per year in 1950 to $102000 last year why shouldn’t he? Duckett’s staff in those few years has grown from 3 to 33 and hd opened a second dairy bar last year ’ (R-Wi- new GARDEN The charges at hand were nearly forgotten when a former city judge accused of speeding testified that he was “being perse-bute- d instead of prosecuted” by the court “Are you trying to exhibit contempt for the court?” City Judge Oris Hyder asked “I am trying to conceal it” former Judge John Fain replied Steps to Improve Living Standards In addition Sen Joseph R McarCan you beaf a charged that sonist simply b'y rushing to the Carthy scene and putting out each fire Communist sympathizers had inhe sets — while he is free to race filtrated the setup and were loadon and set new blazes roaring of U S overseas - BALTIMORE (AP) — A young Baltimore ice cream chef who started out four 'years ago with $214 and a lot of credit has exploded the “crazy sundae” business into a $100000 per year France Announces gressional critics who attacked Belie Military: Axiom’ such practices as beaming cookThis they say would appear to belie a fundamental military ing lessons to Fra ncend explainaxiom that the best defense is ing the United States to ""South' a strong offense” America with stories of cowboys The strategy also raises this and Indians elsewhere Americaq officials say the howfight is far from ever They claim: 1 Straight forward factual U S “information”— riot propaganda which they regard as an ugly word — is winning the United States a reputation for trqth far outweighing the most devious Communist distortions’ 2 The effectiveness of Uf S technique is graphically illustrated by Moscow’s prodigious efforts to jam or blot out our broadcasts and by frenzied Soviet blasts against the Voice of America Both the United States and Russia have Isigned van international Agreement' against jamming The United States abides by the agreement But Russia has told the United Nations it abandoned the pledge to protect her people from “lies” Sidney Fine a top USIA official says Russia spends about 25 million dollars a year on jamming alone compared to 15 million for the entire VOA effort “Even so” says Fine “we’re getting through under “Sometimes we roll the jammers Or we use the ‘cuddle system’ and snuggle so close to the Soviet wave lengths that' Moscow can’t knock us out without jamming its own broad- -- JOHNSON CITY Tenn (UP) - questions Chef Invents Crazy Sundaes And Does $100000 Business Contempt? 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