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Show The Enterprise Review, December 29, 1976 Page 8b McConahays Jewelry a level above the others Exclusive, elite, elegant. Our unusual collection of diamond jewelry and other gem stones typifies the atmosphere of McConhays. Our gem experts will counsel you on the secure value of gems as a lovely and lasting gift. See us soon for a personal consultation. DESERET PLAZA MEZZANINE FLOOR IS E. lit South 363-593- 6 MEMBER AMERICAN GEM SOCIETY' Redefinition of Jobless Continued from page lb Of the 50 states, 23 are too small to use household interviews alone to establish their rates. So statisticians in these states count the number of people who have filed a claim for unemployment insurance, and feed into that number several other statistics to compensate for those people who are actually unemployed but, for one reason or another, do not file a claim or do not qualify The for the insurance. formula used by the number experts is based on historical studies of the relationships among unemployed people and the industries that generate unemployment. For instance, women always have a higher rate of unemployment than do men. Youth and minorities have even higher rates. The relationships among the various social and economic groups is very stable, say Job Service analysts. They are changed only when Congress establishes a new policy or an economic disaster hits an industry. A new child labor law, establishment of a youth conservation corps, enforcement of the equal employment opportunity law: these are examples of possible policy changes that could modify the relationships among groups of the unemployed, the analysts say. Mangum specualtes the Carter commission may recommend several changes in how the rate is presently established. The unemployment rate at the local level needs to be refined, he says. 'As it is, it is an estimate, not a measure. And it does not include accurate measure of He explains target groups. it does not accurately break down the group of unemployed people by age, sex or race. And yet, the aim of legislation like the Public Works Act is to bring subgroups with high unemployment rates into the labor ri a k u n P (1 o P n c a force. Unemployed Youth P r A major concern of the next administration will be the unemployment of minor- Mangum conThis is not a new tinues. problem, but it is a new concern. The next administration will undoubtedly create special programs to reduce the unemployment rate of this group, he says. Although he speculates the compilation of the rate may be changed, he says most changes will be improvements or refinements. Its major purpose will not change. But, he adds, new indices may be recommended for use by politicians. He cited one index, recently designed by Sar Levitan of George Washington University, which, unlike the unemployment rate, measures how badly people need a job, not just whether they are lookThis index includes ing. people who are employed, but living in poverty, Mangum says. Another index which could be added to the unemployment rate monthly is a measure of person-hour- s lost. This index measures the people working part-tim- e e but seeking work, and those seeking part-tim- e Instead of just jobs. measuring how many bodies are looking for jobs, it includes what kind of job they are looking for, Mangum explains. This index is included in annual Labor Department reports, he says, but could be published monthly, and could be used for policy-settin- g purposes. What would be the point in changing the way the unemployment rate is comity youth, full-tim- piled? Changing the unemployment rate would be like knocking out the generator light in your car when it goes on, instead of pulling off the road, says one labor analIt doesnt solve the yst. problem. It only destroys the method of measuring it. The rate is now being used for two different purIt is used as an poses. economic indicator, and it is also used to set policies, the analyst says. Legislative policies dont necessarily change the n v V P n n 4 E F A v li y k r 5 s t P V a t! ii s h ti fi n e w c f b P N n n e fi u e s 0 b b w fi Si 0 (I a ti ti IT fl 01 ei ti' oi ei n tl rr P |