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Show Country Warned to Guard Against Race Disturbances Insecurity in Reconversion Period May Be Cause for Smouldering Resentment; Minor Incident May Start Trouble. By BAUKIIAGE News Analyst and Commentator. NU Service, Union Trust Building:, Washington, u. There Is a small group In Wash- togton very much concerned over a matter which Is a part of reconversion recon-version and about which they can do very little. That Is the question of race riots likely to accompany de mobilization. I was surprised to learn how pre dictable these clashes are, irom the following statement by Alfred Mc-Clung Mc-Clung Lee In a pamphlet produced hv a non-profit agency, tne Amen can Council of American Race Re lations. It was this: "The federal office of facts and flffures (later called the office of War information) had a confidential re port 15 months before the 1943 Detroit De-troit race riot that Included this sentence: Unless some socially con structive steps are taken shortly, the tension that Is developing Is very likely to burst Into active conflict " The day after the rioting began. the Detroit Free Press stated "Two months ago everybody In De troit familiar with the situation knew that race riots were Inevitable." It Is worth noljng that the professional profes-sional observers were much farther ahead than the newspaper and newspaper reporters are pretty highly trained Investigators themselves. them-selves. And they did know what was coming well In advance. But the fact remained that nobody did anything about it And that is where you and I step into the picture. ' Now nobody but a very small class of professional Inciters of riot want race riots anymore than anyone any-one but a very small -class of professional profes-sional criminals are in favor of crime. But most people do not realize that these clashes can be avoided and very few indeed realize that they are symptoms and not the disease itself. The basic cause of the group tensions ten-sions which burst into savage flame, destroy property, interfere with business and nearly always cost lives, is Insecurity, just as insecurity is one of the basic causes of wars. A man with a Job and firm prospects pros-pects of keeping it whd lives in healthy and decent surroundings does not want a riot with anybody. It is the man who is unhappy and because he Is not able to do anything any-thing about It, who looks around for a scapegoat upon whom he can blame all his troubles. He naturally na-turally turns against a group whose members have a different appearance appear-ance and different customs from his own. The long-range cure for this disease is better living conditions, housing and employment But it is not of the long-range treatment I want to speak, but of the imme- j diate, simple things that you and I can do to stop these tensions before they break. Seven Steps for Breaking Tension First there are seven things you must know about One of the first signs of trouble is the rumor crop. You begin to hear a' lot of stories Biost of which later will prove to have been untrue. They may be started by subversive groups; some w have a grain of truth in them. They will include tales of planned, Imminent violence; of some group nnmg itself for attack or outbreak. Then come stories of violent assault as-sault crime and murder. This creates the beginning of tension; the roup accused becomes frightened and shows it This lends color to toe tales. Then come the "incidents." Incidents usually begin to occur In crowded places. They might be Passed off and forgotten if a back-pound back-pound of hate, fear and suspicion ,a not been built up. As one observer ob-server said to me: "Riots always start when folks get out and bump ,tato each other." The third point to look for when it thi t 0181 ""r101"8 have been wen and incidents have begun to wP!D 18 80me subversive group wnica may be promoting the trouble r "S own ends. Some of these rn?? have very high and tht, ? ml18 and ver frequently be capped up In the flag. (K" Dux. Black Legion, etc.) Ane fourth point to watch is crime reports because u i. .ii , a s. cu jl v uic really oougan element which finally steps - the actual rioting. BARBS . . . th?!? 0311 tte counterfeit squad monS tu:Pie8 and 1 suPPse since from . u J you couM ca" the grunt ""a buffalo penny mint sauce. It is easier for a man to eet into the flan it is for a dog to aometfm mous K"9 corPs- G I-8 you Eet mto to hoosegow but g-hoir see war-pup raw -. ,. The fifth is the police attitude. If ,jle Creased TT. u we ft0"gan clement cle-ment and of a distrust of the police by the minority group It usually means that the tension has reached a high point - the forces of order iu we rorces of disorder are making mak-ing common cause against the alleged al-leged threat of the minority. The two other danger points are congestion, of which I spoke before (bumping into each other) which may grow out of crowded housing, and labor conditions where the minority protests or appears to threaten to protest discrimination In hiring and firing. With these points as a guide any citizen can learn to recognize the symptoms of danger. There are plenty of people in any community who know what is happening the people whose work takes them Into the danger zones, like social workers and police reporters. A school teach-er teach-er can learn a lot from what the children say and do. But long before the situation reaches even the rumor stage there must be emergency planning in the community. A program must be set up in which certain groups have certain cer-tain definite things to do the moment the "observers' see the danger signals. sig-nals. Here they are: Be sure the mayor knows exact ly what steps to take to get the help of the state militia. Have the clergy- men lined up to use their Influence and if necessary appear In person mobs respect the church. Work out school programs, radio programs, pro-grams, newspaper campaigns the veterans organizations and the boy scouts will help, the civic and pub lic utilities, labor and business will co-operate. While President Truman was still on the high seas en route for home, he and his staff began the careful briefing of the correspondents, telling tell-ing them many detais which were not for publication but which will gradually find their way Into the public prints. They also gave out specific news items for, publication, one of which stated that it was largely the suggestions sug-gestions of the American delegation which made up the agenda. This President Harry S. Truman may or may not have been aimed at comments In Washington by anti-administration anti-administration spokesmen who charged that the communique of the Big Three seemed to reflect chiefly Russian demands. I believe that history will show that the President's claim will Of literally true. This may not mean that America got the majority of the things she wanted but rather that what could be agreed upon was largely the result of the President's policy of Insisting on a solution by compromise rather than a stalemate. stale-mate. The great test of America's position posi-tion will come later. We are the most conservative of the great powers. We are the only one in which capitalism is threatened by attack from within more than from without I mean that the majority ma-jority of the nation undoubtedly favor fa-vor capitalism whereas the present British government (the only other large democratic power as we accept ac-cept democracy) is socialistic. Dangers Dan-gers to the American capitalistic system, sys-tem, most observers in Washington agree, come from a small group whose selfish interests are the greatest threat to the system of private enterprise. by Bauhhage The census bureau says the average aver-age father is 44 years old. Average Aver-age wife's age (confidential). The best epigram on the victory of the labor party in England was made by Sir Wilmot Lewis, veteran Washington correspondent of the London Times. He said, "My country, coun-try, may slie always be right but my country right or left." Russia's Entry Into War Against Japs Provides Bases iIlh station! Srj3c,c- xf W!rfi: GOLDEN how-:. ff AMUR BAY r-ff Shortly after the Eed government declared war against Japan, the powerful Soviet Far Eastern army was already rolling across the Manchnrian frontier with the Bed air foroe blasting a path ahead of it Air bases' in Russia will now be available to the United States air forces. This will place Japan in easy striking distance for any type of plane, army or navy, and will cnt down fuel load required en trips. New Atomic Force Harnessed Against Japanese r . UK' AN UCtAN IINIK Ak ! " J a J THROUGH THE OCEANS ' II " L I FOR AN INDEFINITE TIME JIP" r SVS EQUAL 20.000 TONS OF TNT ENOUGH TO LEVEL A CITY LIKE NEW YORK AND SHATTER BUILDINGS WITHIN A 50-MILE RADIUS LEAVE CRATER ', WAY TO PHILA. Vs WAY TO ALBANY. AND TIP OF L I. Even one's imagination cannot exaggerate the potentialities of the destruction that will be caused by the new atomio bombs now being dropped upon Japanese cities. The perfected bomb waa the work of many leading lead-ing scientists of the United Staies, Canada, England as well as those from other European countries. Initial work was started before the United States entered the war. More than two billion dollars was spent to perfect the destructive secret weapon. ' Army Air Aces f jv" A . My aVw M -4t4 'v? v- , A f 1 Ar -mj fr When a soldier speaks of a "chicken" he doesn't often refer to the kind shown here. These army fliers at the Air Force Convalescents' 500-acre 500-acre farm at Pawling, N. Y., are pretty enthusiastic about the creatures they are feeding. The interest shown by the fliers has proven a big factor in aiding them in regaining their health. Trio of Black Mac's Killers' " is;, . : I Three enemy kills'apicce were chalked up by these three members of "Black Mac's Killers," marine nightfighter squadron operating over Okinawa. The squadron, nnder command of Lt Col. Marion M. Mag-ruder, leads marine corps in night killings. L. to R., 1st Lt E. S. Hemstad, Minneapolis, Minne-apolis, Minn.; 1st Lt. A. F. Dellamand, Brookiine, Mass., and 1st Lt Bobert E. Wellwood, Sheridan, Wyo. i .f TiSV 52' EQUAL THE POWER OUT-PUT OUT-PUT OF BOULDER DAM FOR WEEKS Turn Farmers ' Nv PROVIDE 5.000,000 IBS. OF COAL ENOUGH TO KEEP A HUGE FACTORY GOING WITHOUT SMOKESTACKS FOR YEARS n Farming by Jeeps Fart of the reconversion plan will put the war-born jeep on the farm. With certain modifications it will be able to perform most of the farm chores except milking and can even do that by furnishing the power pow-er for the milking machines. They are not being made available. Vets Play Waterball Basketball the hard way is played with gusto by navy veterans at the U. S. naval hospital. Arrowhead Springs, Calif. Some of the boys art shown crowding the basket f ri m " rm i mum DREW P.EAJtSGN NO DUKE CnURCIHLL When Winston Churchill turned down a knighthood this week, his son, Randolph Churchill probably heaved a big sigh of relief. For it meant that his father, In turning down this lesser honor, probably would not accept a dukedom duke-dom or any other high reward. Should the elder Churchill accept a peerage, he would move into the House of Lords, which would mean that his son, Randolph, upon bis father's death, automatically would become a lord, thereby forfeiting the chance , of a fighting political career as a commoner. To inherit a title is the last thing young Churchill wants. His future career lies in the House of Commons, Com-mons, like his father. Knowing his son's ambition, the prime minister used to hold a sword of Damocles over Randolph's Ran-dolph's bead. When the mercurial mer-curial Randolph got out of hand, his father half-Joklngly would warn: "Tut, tut Be careful or I'll take a peerage." BATTLE OVER STEEL One of the hottest fights in the whole hot history of the War Production Pro-duction board has been raging back stage regarding the future alloca tion of steel to Industry. It is a fight affecting almost every business in the cquntry large and small and if the big industry boys get their way, civilian manufacturers manufactur-ers will get lees material even than during 'the third quarter of this year, when we were still fighting a two-front war. The fight is over how sheet steel shall be allocated. Basically, this bolls down to whether the big automobile companies will get it all, or whether other manufacturers will be given at least a little. It is exactly the same fight in reverse, re-verse, which occurred before Pearl Harbor. At that time, the automobile industry was using up most of the sheet steel. War production was held up until their output could be curtailed, and the auto boys pulled all sorts of wires to keep on producing pro-ducing cars. Now, the same wires are being pulled to let steel be completely free, and not allocated to anyone. This Is Just another way of saying that the automobile companies will get lt all, because they are the biggest peace time buyers of steel and the steel companies naturally like to please their best customers. Big Business WPB Today, the War Production board,. under chairman "Cap" Krug, is more big business controlled than ever, so the automobile boys may get their way. Their fight Inside WPB is being be-ing led by Vice Chairman Harold Boeschensteln, whose glass company com-pany sells headlights to auto manufacturers. lie anil other WPB moguls argue that the present "controlled materials plan" should be "open-ended," in other words, after, a steel mill has completed its "must" government gov-ernment orders, it can sell whatever what-ever steel is left over to anyone any-one It wishes. Hitherto, farm machinery, hardware, the railroads and various va-rious war-supporting industries got definite steel allocations from the government. They were always al-ways assured some steel. Under the new proposal, however, they would have to scramble for it in competition with the automobile auto-mobile companies. While the railroads, farm implement imple-ment companies, et al, doubtless can look after themselves, a long list of small manufacturers also would be affected those making hardware, electric irons, washing machines, etc. Hitherto, they have been able to get a certain amount of steel allocated al-located to them by WPB. But under the proposed r.ew plan, they would have to scramble for It. And in any battle with the auto companies, it Is not difficult to guess where they would come out Actually there will be very little steel to scramble for. After war needs and war-supporting needs are met It Is estimated only about 1,-000,000 1,-000,000 tons of sheet steel will be left over. If WPB moguls have their way, however, the scramble will begin in the fourth quarter of this year. NOTE It will be op to new War Mobilizer John Snyder to make the final decision. MERRY-GO-ROUND C Every mother's son west of the Mississippi river and some east-are east-are making moves to get the cabinet cabi-net job of the toughest most fearless fear-less member of the FDR cabinet-Harold cabinet-Harold Ickes. Jim Patton of Denver, Den-ver, head of the farmers union, is one of them. Another is genial Gov. Bob Kerr of Oklahoma, who led the switching of delegates to Truman during the Chicago convention. . . However, "Harold the Ick" may fool 'em. mm mm Li 1 1 j mi..-.rt WhiU Walter WincheU is away, this month, his column will bt conducted con-ducted by guest columnists. By JACK LAIT Coast'to-Coastingi Herman Shumlin, Broadway-mad director, now, a Hollywood wage-, slave (at what a wagel) is hot for realism. For a scene In a film with Charles Boyer and Lauren BacalL he wanted a photo of a bullet hitting hit-ting a wall and he wanted it authoritatively au-thoritatively authentic. At 2 o'clock in the morning, he got four Warner lot cops to stand off and pop their 44'a at a studio wall and bad each hot shot from several angles. . . . He still didn't get Just what he waa after. . . . But came the dawn. H. Id. Warner sent for his whole forca and demanded to know what crackpot had been shooting up hit bunaalowt It's rlsht cast the wait The place looked like Berlin I Mike Romanoff, the Great Pre tender, who now owns the most prosperous cafe in California, has won his naturalization papers, thus disproving canards that his Imperial Hlghballness was born in Brooklyn. Mike la a native of London. Strangely, his true name is Romanoff, Roman-off, which gave him his original inspiration in-spiration to "adopt" the czarlst elan. He says he will definitely -not change the monicker now to Mike-Stalin. Mike-Stalin. ... Dr. Irving Berman, Hol lywood eye specialist has it figured out that persons with normal sight should alt four times the height of the screen from the screen. Bring Tour own tape-measure! The Commies in and around the movie Industry have set op such aa organized and agonised agon-ised howl against a proposed Red probe that their activities are accentuating the positive fat more than another official Investigation In-vestigation Is likely to. That Hollywood Hol-lywood is crummy with every khade of bolshy lovers is obvious to anyone who can see er hear. A recent California legislative survey turned op conditions even more malodorous than surface symptoms bad indicated. Stars, producers, executives with no understanding of what the Russian Rus-sian system means plug for it Crimson propaganda creeps Into costly films. Anyone who thinks democracy and a repnbllo are pretty sweet is a fascist isolationist isola-tionist anyone who thinks we're lend-leasing like fools is a Tory reactionary. The victory of the radicals In Britain was toasted and celebrated in mansions and swank cafes in the community which glorifies the Soviets and squawks about high U. S. income taxes In the same breath! Tim Gayle has left Fred Waring exploitation to start another musical mag, "Preview." He formerly published pub-lished "The Baton." He was going to call his new periodical "Finale," but Westbrook Pegler, whose advice ad-vice he asked, didn't like that said lt sounded pessimistic. Peg also said in his letter: "I think anyone who starts a business enterprise today to-day on bis own money deserves either a medal or a scholarship in Matteawan. Anything that old Sam doesn't take away from you, in the Improbable event that you make-a dollar In the first place, will be taken by the unions and the lawyers whose services will be necessary to keep you out of prison from day to day." And Peg advises against pessimism pes-simism I Hollywood is where: A fortune rides on the turn of ankle or the tilt of a nose; everything is so Irrespon sible and goofy that a dozen new millionaires emerge every year; everybody wears slacks and owns race-horses; biggies loves yesmen and hire high-priced monitors to stop them from doing what they'd love to do; everyone denies that the movies are Just entertainment and insists the screen Is a medium of education, culture, enlightenment and patriotism; and the cast and crew of "The Kid from Brooklyn" put In 48,400 man-hours in a prize fight sequence that runs 3 minutes, 14 seconds, when you see it Connie Bennett is back again. Just a trouper on the payroll. Her ambitious ambi-tious venture as a producer came rather a cropper. . . . "Paris Underworld," Under-world," a great story, was washed out with VE Day. But Connie had fun while it lasted ordering people around, refusing this, turning down that, one Constance picnic. Freddie Steele, ex-middlewelght champ, couldn't get East for the "Story of G.L Joe" premiers, but Pvt. Robert Mitchum (who plays the captain) got travel priority because he's in the army. Both are film finds and will be heard from plenty more. . . . Faye Emerson is heartsick. heart-sick. A few months ago she blazed up as Elliot Roosevelt's bride, daughter-in-law of the President. Since then, she's had some tough publicity breaks and the Roosevelt name no longer works magic Soon Elliot win be back in private life. |