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Show Thursday, August 25, 1927 ? S?" W 1,1; f,J 5 J4 J T4 s? -rf? ; -j W J" Jf -V f i2& Ztizim&R By ELMO SCOTT WATSON HAT is the spirit of Labor Day? There may be as many answers an-swers to that question ques-tion as there are answerers, an-swerers, but from several sev-eral of them, though phrased in different terms, it maj be possible pos-sible to arrive at some statement which will come near expressing the meaning, not only to labor but to all other divisions of human society, of this day of days for the working man. I Labor Day wa9 first suggested in the New York city Central Labor linion in May, 18S2. It was decided to observe the first Monday in September Sep-tember of that year as a festival day, with a parade, speech-making and picnics. pic-nics. Labor held that, whereas there were other holidays representing the religious, civil and military spirit, there was none which stood for the Industrial spirit. Accordingly this first celebration was held, and it was a big success. - In 1S84 the American Federation of ' Labor officially proclaimed the first Monday in September as Labor Day. All wage earners, irrespective of eex, calliug or nationality, were urged to observe it until it should be as uncommon un-common for a man to work on Labor Day as it would e for him to toil on the Fourth of July. State legislatures wore urged to make the day a legal holiday, and 32 of them eventually did enact laws to tiat effect. Congress Con-gress made it a legal holiday In 1894 for the District of Columbia and the territories and, although a number of states have no Labor Day law, the federal act has been accepted by all of them, and this holiday is generally observed throughout the United States. ' Perhaps one of the first interpretations interpreta-tions of the spirit of Labor Day was that uttered by the late Samuel Gom-; Gom-; pers, the "Grand Old Man of American Ameri-can Labor," in the first Labor Day editorial which he wrote after congress con-gress had made it a legal holiday. The editorial, which appeared in the American Federationlst for September, Septem-ber, 1804, follows: ' In the cycle of time we are again : on the dawn of our most Important national holiday Labor Day. Most Important, Im-portant, since it for U.; first time in the history of the world devotes a day to the recognition of the fact that the wage earners must hereafter be regarded re-garded as the Important factor in the economy of life. In this day when so many look upon the dark side of the progress of the labor movement and predict worse things In store for the laborer, it is not amiss to direct attention atten-tion to the fact that the life of the human family is one vast struggle, and that though the progress is not an swift as we, as well as our impatient brothers and sisters of labor, would Uke It to be, yet the fact that in our t.ecade we can see the rights of labor wore clearly defined, the vantage ground obtained, and obtaining a clearer Insight Into the existing Wrongs, the more Intelligent perception percep-tion and determination to achieve labor's la-bor's rights. ' The past year has witnessed several contests, some of them defeats, but though defeated In the Immediate object ob-ject sought, they have awakened a new conscience in the American people, and will contribute more to the thorough organization of the wage workers of ur country than hundreds of meetings, meet-ings, speeches or pamphlets. The great Exercise as a Duty r When should physical exercise for the elderly cease? Old doss don't romp, old horses don't rolL They know better. Young people carry on their athletics because they like to not from any sense that it Is for their welfare. ' As soon as ftsons of accumulat-h! accumulat-h! years feel that they have no de-firp de-firp to cavort and cut up didoes with Uwir lees and arms, perhaps they'd 3rzannr conquering armies in the history of the world have had their reverses, and the labor movement cannot expect to be an exception to that rule. Each defeat de-feat acts as a trenchant warning to the toilers of America that error must be avoided, that intelligence must prevail, and that no success can com to them unless it is through their own efforts and their own organization, and by their persistency manifested. Pessimism results In Indifference, lethargy and Impotency and this In turn simply permits the corporations and trusts and the entire capitalist class to filch from the toller rights which have "been dearly bought. The organizations of labor must be thorough and complete and above all must be permanent. Those organizations organiza-tions which arise like a flash In the pan only go to show how arduous Is the struggle before the toller. In order to overcome the antagonism of the wealth-producing classes of our coun try. Today more than ever the tollers recognize how essentially they are thrown upon their own resources: that they have few If any outside their own ranks who symi ithize with them in their efforts for the emancipation of mankind. Tollers, organize. Let us -carry on the good work and In a few more revo lutions of the earth upon Its axis we shall have a better world a better mankind. Waiting will not accomplish It; deferring till another time will not secure It. Now Is the time for the workers of America to come to the standard of their unions and to organ ize as thoroughly, completely and com pactly as is possible. Let each worker bear In mind the words of Longfellow "In the world's broad field of battle, in the oivouac or me, Be not like dumb, driven cattle! Be a hero In the strife!" Written at a time when American labor had not yet won the many victories vic-tories which have characterized its progress during the past 40 years of American economic history, that edi torial is a striking reflection of the spirit of Labor Day, 1894, when the greatest concern was for the "rights of labor." Since that time the compact organization of American labor, for which Mr. Gompers uttered his plea, has brought about amazing changes. In some foreign countries revolution revolu-tion has failed to accomplish for labor la-bor what a process of evolution has accomplished for it in the United States. Today the American worker is the most prosperous of any in the world, and he Is the envy of wage earners everywhere. And Labor Day, 1927, finds him still standing stead fastly for the "rights of labor," but he is also conscious of the responsibilities responsi-bilities of labor as well. That sense of responsibility was voiced recently by one of its leaders, John P. Frey, president of the Ohio State Federation Federa-tion of Labor, when he said: A portion of our obligation, our duty to the great movement which we rep resent, is to deal with employers with whom we have friendly relations In such a manner that we will not only retain their full confidence, but by example ex-ample lead other employers to realize that not only as a matter of justice, but as a matter of individual advan tage to themselves, it Is to their interest in-terest to establish friendly working relations with trade union organiza tions of their employees. . If our trade union movement Is to fulfill the purree for which It exists, its pol icies, its methods. Its attitude must be such as to win and retain the confidence confi-dence and good will of the majority of employers. Trade union members. trade union discipline ana the mill tant spirit are essential to our wel fare, but a trade union movement de- better not. Takinjr exercise as a duty is a proansome and usually a lonesome lone-some nativity. For tliis reason, no doubt, golf is a boon t" those on the shady side of life's noon. It Is about the only hiking hik-ing that they can enjoy. Chopping down tres. tbfigh they have the trees, invites the catastrophe that blood pressure always threatens, and mountain climbing has Its penalty of hearthurst, St. Louis Globe-Democrat , THE LEIII SUN, LEHI. UTAH penaing upon its militant strengtk alone for Its success la doomed to failure. fail-ure. Such utterances as these are evi dence of the fact that Mr. Gompers warning so long ago that "intelligence must prevail," has been heeded by American labor, and a part of the American laboring man's prosperity today is due to the fact that he has brought to his task an Intelligent conception con-ception of both its rights and its obligations. ob-ligations. For that reason Rodin's famous fa-mous statue, "The Thinker," Is not an Inappropriate symbol of the Amer ican working-man, a man of brains as well as brawn. Rev. Charles Stelzle, an eminent sociologist and student of labor problems, prob-lems, once wrote: When the last chapter of the story has been written, It will be found that the chief glory of labor has not been in what its leaders or men gained for themselves nor for their generation. but In what they secured for those who followed. This fact should make us more generous in our estimate of the value of the services of those who are today giving their hearts and lives to many a cause which seems to make but little progress. . . . The normal man, be he rich or poor, educated through books or through experience, be he black or white, yellow or red, no matter what his circumstances so long as he's a man who Is doing a man's job In the world. Is helping the other fellow In a way which Is rarely appreciated. The poorest, neediest man in the world, who Is doing his best. Is rendering a real service to the richest rich-est man In the world. He Is making a contribution to the world's work which mere wages do not repay. Even the despised immigrant who doesn't tinder stand a word of English, but who is contributing his share to the com mon good by shoveling dirt in a con struction camp, is making & debtor of the man who will later ride over that ratlroad track In his comfortable oull- man, made smooth-running because that Italian made a good job of his shoveling. But everywhere in human - life, in the lowliest places, In shop and factory, on the street and on the road, everywhere, men and women and even little children are bringing their con tributions to the great treasure house to which we all come and freely draw some more, some less; and he who draws most becomes the great est debtor to all mankind. Here's the point, then: Let's talk less about helping and let's think more about "exchange" of servlce for that's what It Is. Read these words again: "The man who is doing a man's job in the world who is doing his best making a contribution to the world's work-contributing work-contributing his share to the common good." They lead inevitably to one phrase "the dignity of labor." That phrase has been given a slightly different dif-ferent wording by Thornton Oakley, writing in the American Federationlst on THE DIVINITY OF TOIL Toller, toller of the mine, Braving Pluto's Inmost shrine, Delving dark in depths of earth As some god of mystic birth. Wresting from deep-hidden pyres Food for man's insatiate fires. Toller, toller dost thou sec In thy toll Divinity? Toller, toiler of the milL Molding matter to thy will. Rearing towers crowned with flame, Bessemers of Titan frame, By thy fierce, all-potent fires Forging man's proud, cloud-flung spires, Toiler, toiler, dost thou see In thy toil Divinity? Toller, toller of the rail, Piercing crag and spanning vale. With thy engines' headlong roar Girdling nations shore to shore, Binding close In mesh of steel Man with man for common weal. Toiler, toiler, dost thou see In thy toil Divinity? Toiler, toiler of the sea, Cleaving black Immensity, With thy hulls, majestic, vast. Scorning wave and typhoon's blast. Bearing north, south, east and west Man upon his ceaseless quest. Toller, toller, dost thou see In thy toil Divinity? Thou that through the year's swift flight. Led by soaring visions' light. Conquering earth, sky and main, Buildest toll's enduring fane, Ever lifting man's desire To the pure, celestial fire, Thou, O toiler, thou Shalt see In thy toil Divinity. And this Is the spirit of Labor Day the consciousness of the man who works that In HIS Job there is the dignity of labor, the divinity of toil. Third Rail Stops Engine F.y means fa third rail that develops de-velops electricity during the movement move-ment of the train, a device recently invented by an Italian, stops trains without the action of the engineer. When anything obstructs the track t. light shows in the engine cab. If this is Ignored a bell ring's, and should the f ringing escape attention the engine I? automatically stopped hy the device that applies the brakes. The third rail can also be used for tdephoj service for drivers General Weed Laid to Rest in t. s s . In compliance with his last wish, Maj. Gen. Leonard Wood, famous soldier and governor general of the Philippine Phil-ippine Islands who died In Boston, vas laid to rest in Arlington National cemetery among the departed Rongb Riders he so gallantly led In battle in Cuba 27 years ago. Chief .Leading Eagle Receives His Headdress I tJi3'.lil 5. s It I ,1! i fir-Ml I M?4 President Coolidge being Initiated Into the tribe of the Ogalala Sioux at Deadwood and receiving from Princess Prin-cess Rose Bud Yellow Robe the headdress of feathers as he was named Chief Leading Eagle. Dawes and Wales it-i' 7 g t tM ts,t ' v -"'f I KM Vice President Dawes shaking hands with the prince of Wales at the center of the new peace bridge connecting Fort Erie, Canada, and Buffalo, N. Y. They are shown at the ribbons which were cut to open the bridge officially. New Jersey Has a Serious Flood 1 v" i -ilm o " S , -" ' , 4r..- -J. -mm v& , I . - rzzx, ' Z"J J 1 V " y I 2. 1f.N '------- . .;.,; : I I lim it nmyumtn u, -: .i,,: " ;-vi.-f"nx- mm i i timm n r 1 fl Heavy ruinstertiis caused floods In the vicinity of Newark. N. that ' were the worst experienced there in forty years. In South Orange the water was ten ieet deep, and the street car seen In the photograph was completely swamped. Like a food sea captain. I'litrick Ileilly, operator of the car, stuck :' :o the last, until every man. woman ai d child had left the "ship." ... . .... a4 if A.-C ft .M )M Open Peace Bridge 'it Hi. Vke-,T- j PAGE THREE Arlington r A fl ; MISS ILLINOIS Miss Lois Delander of Joliet, 111, was selected as Miss Illinois to compete com-pete In the Atlantic City beauty tournament tourna-ment She is 'seventeen years old, weighs 122 pounds and has gray eyes and unbobbed brown hair. KUGHITT WON'T QUIT Marvin Hughilt of Chicago, re;ir head of the North Western railroad who, at ninety, refuses to act his n-zt and pass out of the picture. He .til" "works at railroading" In his iliee as chairman of the finance committee of the road, and says that Is what fctepa Mm young and spry. ft $ i W L M ill ' A I. ' i y r --Ml ' ; . ' I i - X 1 f V --i |