Show D P roh i b ti iti i on 6 E fo sow CO e m n r p aa I 1 james vy rf K S t S 1 l a sy 1 tt t t tM Ln B 1 f tiam ti y tryg tM al OC MW g SS SK I 1 k ii el 1 0 1 4 S g Sl styf lf S ta r clil sal S 1 SJ t tt bac 2 AC sy 22 S 5 lr y kf ay iy w 4 caf casci Z faiq y m v r v 17 syi W A y Z au esz a scat at se J S fai fi i 1 1 W sak ysac cie lt yS fc r as ff fasy sy kyska sai avet AV f celebration of oe WaShing toro birthday by ELMO SCOTT WATSON we think of prohibition hibi tion enforcement as a strictly modern american question yet the tact lahat here as in many other pres ent day problems Is a C curious instance of history repeating itself th tha passing of the act did riot not bring into being the first prohibition enforcement officer that title belongs to an indian chief and he be was given his appointment more inore than years agol in the middle of the seventeenth century the dutch in new Nethe were engaged in a series of wars waro with the neighboring indian tribes finally a permanent treaty of peace was concluded in acm he loading leading signer of w which bleb was sachem of the living at Hacken hackenback hackensack sack who declared himself him self commissioned by the savages of tap tappan man alan hattan and to act on their behalf but this treaty did not end the troubles between the t two 0 races for in 1602 Ora tamin whose came Is atso also spelled Ora Orata tamy bratan and oraton craton complained to the dutch authorities of the illicit sale of brandy to his people As the result of this protest there appeared in the official records of new this entry whereas orata chief of hosaka haseke and bothem other r adages have corn coin plaines several overal times that many selfish people dare dara not only to sell brandy to tho the savages in this city but als also to c carry rry whole ankers or of it into their country and peddle it out there from which if it t in a not prevented in time many troubles will arise therefore the director general and council of new No motherland therland not knowing for the present of R be better ter way to stop it author ize iza the said chief together tog ether with the sachem Matt anouch to seize the brandy brought into their country for sale and those thosa offering to sell it and bring them here her that they may be b punished as an example to others the chiefs and cattano aro are hereby authorized to seize belze the tha brandy brought into their country for sale together with those who brenir it and conduct them hither done at port fort amsterdam Amster dani in new Nth rland the th thirtieth ir cioth day 0 of f mar march it 1662 evidently the two chiefs were efficient prohibition enforcement officers for there Is 13 no further mention of trouble tor for fifteen months but it Is evident too that prohibition then ng its now produced prodoc ed bootleggers forin for in june and other chiefs again appeared before the authorities complaining pla ining that brandy was still being carried among their people on being told that we tried to prevent and had authorized to arrest dutchmen who came into their country to peddle brandy reads the record they replied that they were cheated by the dutch who said that the general had given his consent and showed a jetter et giving permission to sell brandy to in their country also that they had taken away a large quantity of wampum whereby the savages were entirely impoverished again they were told to arrest the white men who brought liquor into their country and this time they were further farther authorized to bring their captives to new amsterdam in fett erd As a reward for their ea enforcement work we promised that they should have a piece of cloth tor for a coat beside the brandy which such persons should carry caray and he who brought in the first should have two pieces of this incident one historian says the piece 0 of f cloth can be understood but one wall wonders ders what these temperance advocates did with the brandy perhaps they sold it back to the tha dutch I 1 however was not the only chief who was destined to be concerned over the liquor question american histo history rylis Is full of cases of indian leaders who saw with alarm what the white mans firewater was doing ng to their people and who protested usually in vain to white authorities t to stop the sale of it it one of the outstanding of these was chief little turtle of the in indiana conqueror of generals harmar and st clair during the indian wars after the revolution after his defeat by mad anthony bryne at the dattle battle of valten vallen timbers little turtle settled down near fort wayne ind and devoted tits his efforts to trying to improve the lot of the miami tribesmen by teaching them to learn to valk in the white mans ins road and to avoid the pitfalls placed in that road by the white man during a visit to the nast hast in I 1 1798 little turtle visited the yearly conference of the society of friends at baltimore and appealed to them to use their influence to stop the transportation por tation of it liquor to the indian coun try accordingly the friends addressed a memorial to congress asung asking that this be done but nothing seems to have come of it for la in 1802 and 1803 we find him making a personal is appeal P pea I 1 to the legislatures of Hen kentucky tucky and ohio for their ald aid in suppressing the liquor traffic among jils ala people mention of siad iliad anthony As thony wayne recalls the tact fact that a regular ration of liquor was considered an indispensable pen sable part of the soldiers dally daily fare during the early days of the united states army and la in that respect its use by waynes warnes forces during the campaign against the tribes of theold the old northwest w was in accordance with the custom of the day the original manuscript orderly books of the tha western army commanded first by wayne and later by gen jimes james Wilkin soni are preserved in the library of the united states military academy at west point and in them are some entries which make curious carious reading in n these days of th the eighteenth amendment for instance on july 4 1702 1792 when headquarters of the expedition were at pittsburgh warre issued a general order for a double allo allowance wince a of spirits to the troops today being the the anniversary of the he independence of the united states on february 21 of ar greenville general ordered that thai the soldiers were to be allowed to draw an extra gill of whisky with which to celebrate washington Ing tons birthday the same extra allowance was authorized for the cele britlon of st patricks day on march 17 although it was accompanied by a warning that the tha brigadier general will have no riot or drunkenness facsimile of manuscripts courtey courtes y united states military academy west point the next year however when headquarters qu artera were at detroit the th use of liquor quor by the soldiers old lers was causing so mu much b trouble that wilkinson was wa forced forced to issue an order prohibiting its sale to thorn them within the last year or so 80 the state of blich michigan igan has received widespread publicity because of its famous life tor for a pint liquor law especially when several women were wera convicted convict eLi under that law and these convictions were another example of ll story repeating itsell tor for the first conviction and punishment of a woman liquor seller belter was waa the tha result of Wilkin wilkinsons sons order of tuly july 12 1707 the woman was lydia connor described as aa a follower of 0 the army in the report ot of the court martial at which she and two men were tried trIe LAII all three were found guilty but only the woman was punished what her bar punishment was Is recorded thus in the orderly books the court finds the prisoner guilty ot the charge exhibited her bor and sentences her under the tha general order ot of the instant and th the article of the alth section of 0 the rules and articles ot of tar to be ba drummed with it a bottle suspended bout about her neck with the tha march to gather with william matchell Ml Arit choll A I 1 prisoner convicted of the like ilka afron ottonie otT onse is her right hand tied to his left th through ra ugh the citadel in front of the troops Pars paraded ded thence through the clr streets of the town thence to and around tha fr front 0 nt of the barracks barrack of 0 the th soldiery in vort fort lhernault Ler Lor thence out of the tort fort to and along tho the main nikin estand str street land out ot of th the west or southwest west gate catis of the tha town not to return thoreld therein or w within the tha lines and fortification of the tr 0 aps cps of the united states on penalty of roe receiving a alving such punishment a ag may ma y be inflicted upon her by ben a n tence of a court martial when these sentences were ere presented r e S e n ted to general wilkinson he aate acted d u upon pon them thus the sentence passer u upon pon lydia connor a notorious ot of fender Is to be carried into execl tion at six this afternoon however highly merited he remits so much of the sentence passed upon upon matchell Ml Allt eliell as relates to drumming and he flatters himself that this instance of its his clemency may not be pretended ended as no further indulgence must be expected in the case of frazer the other man nian was even more ten lenient lent probably because frazer was waa very pro prominent ml in the little town of detroit and by dealing lightly with him the general may have hoped to curry favor with the citizens this wilkinson was not an admirable character it be remembered for or later in tits ills career while commander ln in calef of the american army he was guilty of what closely bordered upon treason more so even than aaron burr upon ahl whom 0 in t tha he greater odium of tie the conspiracy cy with the spaniards in the I 1 Pat felt fell so there la Is reason for reading in a cynical frame of mind the following unctuous words with respect to william frazer braar the commander ln in calef will observe that thal as he be can never te be to the feeling x of any person should he transgression have originated in mil into he be regrets the occa elong otherwise he be hopes the groces anay be received receive d 4 a as evidence of the Irr impartiality ipar of hl 1 on and of the th duty of the court and that it will have bay the effect affect to prevent repetition 0 at o the offense which cannot be permitted or pardoned the measures of the general astric he h took command of the poet have been directed by motives of publio public utility and the effects are ara visible to all acting above personal per tonal considers cons con sidera tion ha be alborn every sa emotion notion of 1 0 a vindictive indict 1 v 4 spirit it 1 t and disdain abe h prinell ora principles i e c of a narrow and insidious policy bound by the solemn abligas als of public trust truit and personal honor he ha will guard the in confided to his hl charge and ij it I 1 w will ill be a source of pleasure to hlen should lie be in the discharge of his hi duty give to citi citizens ens and aliens but Is in a secondary object the first brut li Is the promotion of the national interests and wo th e approbation of hla his superiors euper lora the ln chlof la Is here bere to render public service ealce erl ce not to court 43 ur t popularity or sub the accommodation commode tion of individuals |