Show under the earth the wor workmen kinen iu in tile deepest mines nines in europe in almost intolerable heat and bet ct they liao lime never penetrated over one seven thousandth part of the distance from the surface to the center of the earth in tho the lower 10 levels els of nomo rome of tho the comstock mines the men fought scalding water and could labor only three or four hours at a time until tho the sutro tunnel pierced tho the mines and drew off some of the terrible terri blo heat beat which had stood at deg tho the deepest boring ci ocr or made that at Sp erenburg near berlin penetrates only 1172 feet flet about 1000 feet deeper than tho the famous artesian art well at st louis while boring and mines re repeal eal us only a few secrets relating solely to the temperature and constitution of 0 the earth for a thousand feet below the surface we c are able by means of ol volcanoes canoes to form some notion of what is going on at a greater renter depth lucre there havo haic been many the theories orles about the causes of volcanoes but it is now ventrally gen trally held that though they arc are produced by tho the intense heat of the interior of file he earth they are not directly connected with tho the moulton mass that lies rainy miles below the immediate surface of N volcanic energy everybody knows that many rocks arc are formed on the floor of the ocean and it lias has been found that a twentieth to a so seventh anth of their weight it is made up of imprisoned water now these rocks are hurried in time under tinder overlaying ing strata serve c as a blanket to keep keel in the enormous heat of the tile interior this heat beat turns the water into super heated steam which melts the hardest rocks and anti when the steam finds a fl fissure sure in tho tile strata above aboc it breaks through to the surface with terrific energy and we ila have c a volcano we find 1 at these outpouring L that have lain iain for ages ages mana man feet below the surface arc are well ad adapt apt ed to e the purposes of man man a flourishes on theol canic ashes of besu vesuvius ins and I 1 volcanic mud has his clothed tho the lulls hills of new zei land lind with fine flue and its plains with luxuriant verdure the most wonderful til display of volcan olean c en erga is seen in tho the noth northwestern western corner orner of our own land a region of lofty forests and 0 arc gre it fertility geography Geo 0 graph ical magazine |