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Show SOUTH CACHE COURIER. HYRIJM. UTAH Impressive ceremonies marked the dedication of the new site of the University of California at Los Angeles. Erected at a cost of more than $3,500,000, the new buildings, representing the nucleus of a thirty million dollar building, program, were formally presented to the state of California. The photograph shows a view of the library. Jokru Wiivtkvop All pictures from Augur Au America Jemebel, Courtesy Brentano. By ELMO SCOTT WATSON HE average school history gives her only a brief paragraph and the chances are that not one Americnn In ten could tell you who she was or when she lived or what was her importance Wherefore it in history. is all the more remarkable 7 that within recent weeks there have appeared no less than three new books, all dealing with the life of Anne Hutchinson. Who and what she was is suggested by the titles of two of them Unafraid a Life of Anne Hutchinson," written-- by Wlnnlfred King Rugg and published by the Houghton Mifflin company, and "An American Jezebel The life of Anne Hitchinson, which was written by Helen Augur and published by Bren-tano- s. Where she lived and the pride of a New York county in the fact that she once dwelt there, even though Massachusetts claimed a greater part of her career is Indicated by the fact that the Westchester County Historical society, In Issuing Volume VII of Its publications, chose Otto Hufelands account of Anne Hutchinsons Refuge in the Wilderness as the leading article for that volume to which It gave the title of Anne Hutchinson and Other Papers." Let Who was Anne Hutchinson? Wlnnlfred King Rugg In the introduction to her book Unafraid" answer that question In these words: Anne Hutchinson has been called by many names. All the way from the New England Jezebel" to "a Prototype of Joan of Arc run the epithets applied by enemies or friends. In between lie such labels as that a proud dame, that Athaliah, a daynger-on- s notorious Imposter," Instrument of the Devell raysed up by Sathan," a Breeder of Heresies," a persuasive advocate of the right of Individual "a a Judgment, dear saint servant and of God." (That last Is her husband speaking. Poor man, he suffered more on her account than any one else !) As for Anne Hutchinsons place In history, this same biographer also sums It np well in these words: What Anne Hutchinson stood for Is another reason for examining her history. She was one of the few feminists of her day. She founded what was in essence the first womans club In America. The meetings held In her house, though primarily for religions Instruction, were the forerunners of hundreds of thousands of meetings since her day, wherever women convene to Improve themselves or the rest of the world. The Hutchinson house, which stood at what is now the northerly corner of Washington and School streets, Boston, was the birthplace of the womens clubs of America. Anne Hutchinsons character becomes more understandable when one considers her parentage. She was the daughter of Francis Marbury, a minister of Northampton, England, who had braved the wrath of his bishop for the sake of his belief in the reformation of our church in Discipline and Ceremonies, had been branded an overthwart, proud, Puritan knave" by that dignitary and had twice been put In JalL Her mother was a Dry-dea relative of the poet, Dryden, who In his later years, though, became apostate from the Puritan beliefs of his family. Considering the turbulence of her last few years, the first 46 years of Anne Hutchinsons life were strangely quiet ones. Her childhood was spent in Alford and London In a heavy religious atmosphere that never lifted. she In 1012, at the age of twenty-one- , was married to William Hutchinson, a mercer, who from the whole-hearted- . ly n, good-hearte- d r Is Being Restored j4nne Hutckiivsotv Statu-e- , Bo stotv. was dominated by his Dutch deception and greed, were enDuring the first gaged in periodic attacks on the 22 years of their married life she whites. It was In one of those atbore him 14 children and during those tacks that Anne Hutchinson, with all years the energy which later was to of her children but one and several of be spent mainly in religious controher neighbors, sixteen persons In all, were killed. versy was fully occupied with household cares and the upbringing of her Helen Augur In her biography of family. But during that time she Anne tells a dramatic story of the traveled repeatedly to the neighboring events of that dreadful day: town of old Boston to hear Rev. John In September, 1643, Anne HutchCotton preach In St Botolphs church. inson stood in her doorway look- Cotton became a sort of an Ideal Ing at the fields of corn, tawny in of hers and when he was ' forced to the morning sunshine. She was leave England because of his nonthinking of what one of her neighconformist views and emigrate to bors had said the day before America, Anne decided to follow. When the corn is ripe and harWhat William Hutchinson thought of the Indians will break their vested, home and family this uprooting of his truce. As she stood there, a it not recorded, but he had probably group of Mohegans padded softly not to learned his since oppose long up. They exchanged friendly wifes decisions. So in 1034. to the greetings, and then the Indians new Boston in Massachusetts Bay walked through the house and colony, a raw little town of less than grounds, as if looking to see If a thousand inhabitants living in rude there were any strange men about. cabins frame and fragile log But everything was quite as houses, on the edge of the wilderness, usual ; William Collins and Francame the Hutchinsons. Within a few cis were at work in the field, and leadsocial months Anne became the the children were at little tasks er and Lady Bountiful of the settleabout the field and garden. The ment. She was a constant companion Indians nodded farewell, and went of John Cotton, who basked in her away. admiration for him; she became a In the afternoon they came back, of Sir the governor. close friend only this time there were more of Henry Vane, the younger, and she bethem, and there were strange came a recognized leader in the refaces among them ; Anne Hutchin--i ligious discussions which occupied so son wondered why they had put In much of the colonys attention. on so much demonic paint. Perfact It was these discussions which haps they were off on some brought about her downfall. Indian ceremony, for they strange The heart of the Puritan religion seemed excited. The dogs began was a belief that Gods Word was In to bark at the strange apparition, The cardinal sin the Scriptures. and the Mohegans asked to have against such a religion was the belief them tied up, for they were afraid that Gods inspiration could be transthey would bite. The dogs were mitted directly to human beings. So tied up. when there arose in the colony a bacUncas men whipped out their "Antinomians not called (people' tion, tomahawks. Anne Hutchinson living by the letter of the law of God, saw four demons rush at her sons. and believing that God revealed his Bread of adversity, water of aflaws directly to them), when this facfliction she had lived out that tion grew under the leadership of promise, but God never warned Anne Hutchinson, when meetings were her of this horror. William Colheld In her home to discuss and critlins and Francis were struck down, icize the sermons of the Puritan mintheir skulls crushed and bleeding. isters and when they asserted that Anne Collins fell beside her husmost of the Boston ministers were unband. Mrs. Hutchinson caught der a "covenant of works and were Susanna to her breast to shut out trying to be saved by religious obthe sight from the screaming servances, it was only a matter of child. Katherine was half over a time until Anne should find herself in fence, but a Mohegan caught her trouble. by the hair and dragged her back The climax came In 1637. Winthrop to a stump. Anne Hutchinson and the other Puritan leaders had fled the sickening blow ; she saw heard from England to escape religious Inand little William rush sob--t Mary tolerance, but, as so often happens, bing to her, as If she could save those who suffer from Intolerance are them. Then two Indians were the first to become Intolerant So upon her, and the child was torn on Anne for trial a put they heresy, from her breast A tomahawk trial that has been compared to that fell. Anne Hutchinson was dead. of Joan of Arc at Ronen. Under the for a final epitaph of And and testimony Helen Augut American Jezebel, brought against her, she proved herwrites : self more than a match for her prosecutors. But Just at the moment when Boston has finally made up its It seemed that she had defeated her quarrel with the woman It cast accusers, she burst forth into a long out as unsavoury salt Her monument stands before the Massaspeech describing Gods revelations to her. So she convicted herself. She chusetts statehouse, with a ferwas banished from the colony and vent inscription to this Couragewent to Rhode Island to make her ous Exponent of Civil Liberty and home. Religious Toleration.. There she Left a widow in 1642, she set forth stands, with a Bible In her hand, and a child snuggled against her, with her children again In search of a New England's hefoine. For civil new home. First she settled on Long Island and then in what isT.ow Westliberty and religious toleration chester county, N. Y. Here her turthe principles for which she suf bulent career came to a tragic end. fered exile and death, are writtei Into the Constitution of the Unite- She arrived in the Dutch colony at a time when the Indians, Infuriated by beginning wife. strong-minde- d one-roo- m ht cross-questioni- . other that brought Expensive Hobby of John D. Rockefeller, Jr., Booms Old Dominion. Williamsburg, Va. This sleepy respectably shabby colonial town is staging a boom, a ghost boom, If you will, that is making the other towns of the Old Dominion rub their eyes and wonder if they are dreaming or really seeing things. For Williamsburg, snubbed by Rotary clubs, high hatted by progress, and allowed to run down at the heel because no one considered it important enough to rebuild, now finds that Its dilapidated buildings and the grandfathers clocks that wont run are worth more than factories and skyscrapers, and that theres something In having had a past' as' well as having a future. t Oh, yes, theres money in tradition; but It takes money to exploit It, and that is where Williamsburg has the breaks. For back of the restoration of Williamsburg are the millions of John D. Rockefeller, Jr., flowing freely at the direction of Dr. W. A. R. Goodwin, who is pastor of the Bruton Parish church, oldest church in the country. Its Famed in History. Ever since he came to the town in 1902, Doctor Goodwin has realized the historical importance and the traditional wealth of the town and has felt it should be perpetuated, and It was he who interested Rockefeller. When they started to restore the town, It was thought that $5,000,000 ought to do the job, since fine old places then were available at almost any amount of cash in hand. Many had deteriorated Into quarters for negro cooks and gardeners. And $5,000,-00- 0 might have been enough, had not the town, at this point, awakened from its slumbers and shown some American business spirit. Just as soon as the news was spread that Rockefeller was restoring the town, the inevitable happened real estate prices doubled, tripled and skyrocketed like Florida values Immediately before the slump. Property that had not already been quietly acquired by Rockefellers agents climbed to ridiculous prices. Times and Values Change, Some of them, now, simply cant be bought at any price. One old house, purchased by a townsman for $100 now is resisting an $18,000 bid. An $2,500 a few years with the colonial furniture and the- garden thrown in recently was resold for $30,000, and then held for an investment Corner lots are being held for as high as $200,000. The town is rich in history, as well as good fortune. During the Seventeenth and Eighteenth centuries it was the capital of the state. Here Patrick Henry burned em up with his oratory. Here is the Burwell . home where Thomas Jefferson, then a prep school boy at William and Mary college, used to come courting. Here George had his headquarters during the revolution. Here is a collection of oldest in America buildings that is priceless and becoming more so. Town to Be Rebuilt. The restoration of the town into a national shrine involves practically its complete rebuilding, and entails work .Of great magnitude and expense. It Is now two years since the first crew of architects and builders moved in to start the work, and at present only twelve of the old houses are actually rejuvenated. In addition to the first $5,000,000, It is estimated 'by some of the optimistic townsfolk that at least $25,000,- - ago Was-ingto- : DIGGING HIS WAY Otho von Berg, young German baron, digging ditches in Hawaii so that he may earn enough money to continue on his way around the world. He was sent to Canada last year, with five other students, to study agriculture. - Old Ironsides has Washington. finally been assured of a fresh lease on life by the signature of President Hoover on a bill appropriating $300,-00for completing the work of her Previous contributions restoration. had already assured the reconditioning of her hull. was which The Constitution, launched from Harrts Yard, Boston, on October 21, 1797, underwent repairs at the Boston Navy Yard, from which she was launched recently with a restored hull. During this period of repair she rested upon a specially devised cradle which prevented her ancient timbers from crumbling. It was found that, while many of her timbers had been disintegrated by 0 one-thir- d Gasoline Taxes Net States 431 Millions RESTORING OF IRONSIDES ASSURED BY APPROPRIATION Congress Votes Money Necessary for Completion of Work on Famous Warship. n 000 more must be put into the project, which is assuming greater proportions daily. And they say that at least eight years more will be necessary to buy and plan and rebuild. If these figures were sufficient to make Williamsburgers realize their new Importance, the great Influx of tourists, architects, artists and a small army of workmen would do the rest. Of the dozen or more fine old homes are not Inin Williamsburg, cluded In the present plans, notably Galt House, the oldest one In the city, Randolph-Peyto- n House, facing the court house green, the Richard Bland house and the Benjamin Waller house. The owners flatly decline to sell. There are five great public buildings to be restored, among which are "Raleigh Tavern, rendezvous of the revolutionary patriots, the old capitol building where the House of Burgesses met from 1704 to 1776. The site of the first printing office, where the old Virginia Gazette was published in 1730, has not been sold to the restoration. First Theater'. Is There. If the First Theater In America, built in 1716, Is restored, it will be part of William and Mary college. The present inadequate colonial court house of 1770 will be converted into a public library after a new $150,000 building has been erected. Old gardens of historic homes are being replanted and maDy giant boxwood bushes, from 150 to 200 years old, from South Carolina, have already been planted. Duke of Gloucester street will be rebuilt after all the modern buildings on the street have been moved or razed. A new road will be built along the northern limits of the town, and the railroad tracks will be relaid. So faithful are Rockefellers experts in their reconstruction that a plant has been built for the. sole purpose of reproducing old colonial brick. Some o,f the structures famed tn history are no longer standing, but these are to be rebuilt from written descriptions and whatever traces of them remain. The old capitol building was marked only by a monument when the workmen began, but excavations have disclosed the complete foundations and from these the original structure has been visualized. The same will be true of the governors mansion, located now only by a stone shaft. time and weather, much of the original wood was still sound. Supplies of white oak, long leaf yellow pine and Douglas fir were bought for the restoration, and last year in April the West Coast Lum0 bermens association gave about feet of timber for masts and spars. Eight of these pieces were more than 100 feet long. In addition to this lumber a considerable quantity of live oak which had been submerged for preservation in the Pensacola navy yard under the fresh water by Commodore Pond in 1878 was made available for use In the restoration. This stored oak was a legacy from the days of the wooden navy. Before being put to its present use, pieces of the wood were tested and were found to be in excellent condition. The test pieces when subjected to pressure parallel to the grain showed a maximum crushing . 75,-00- states Washington. The forty-eigand the District of Columbia collected $431,636,254 In taxes on the sale of 13,400,180,062 gallons of gasoline in 1929, the United States bureau of public roads announced. The average fee was 3.22 cents as against 3 cents in 1928, fourteen states having increased the tax 1 cent, while six increased it 2 cents. strength of 5,586 pounds per square inch. The submerged wood was thus proved desirable for Use for keels, keelsons, knees and deck planking. The- original oak of the historic frigate won it the name of Old Ironsides in the battle with the Guerriere on August 19, 1812, when the crew of the Constitution saw the British cannon balls turned off the sturdy sides of the ship. By comparison with the enormous fighting ships of today the size of the Constitution Is relatively small, although she was rated as a monster of the deep in her own time. Her length over all is 204 feet and her tonnage 1,335. Besides the thirty which she carried on her main deck she had other guns, totalFor a frigate she was ing fifty-ninmuch more heavily built than other ships of her size and time. To the British navy she was known as a battleship in disguise." e. Dual Role for Artichoke Besides being a potential source of sugar, the artichoke is laid to be suit able for papermaking. |