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Show Union Rank and File Ask For Extended Labor Peace By BAUKIIAGE Sews Analyst snd Commentator. tVNTJ Service, 1616 Eye Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. WASHINGTON. - Sitting In the committee room where the hearings on the forthcoming labor hills have been taking place I often have wondered won-dered how close ly they were being be-ing followed by the rank? and file of the union members. Of course, the leaders lead-ers were listening listen-ing with cocked ears to every syllable syl-lable were they listening with the same ears as the men? The reason I ask that is because be-cause of a letter I received which Baukhage asked: "How can the thousands of union members like myself make people understand that what the leaders of our unions do are not the views of the small fry rank and file members?" mem-bers?" He goes on to claim that these "international officers are elected at a convention attended by a certain few. And we who stay at home and pay their salaries by our monthly dues have nothing to say about who our national officers are to be or what policies are to be followed. The first inkling we have of what is going on is when we read it in the paper." He points out that people like himself him-self have no huge financial reserves, no way to make themselves heard. "All we want," he insists, is to be "left alone. We want to work. We want to work hard because we are 11 financially broke. It is our fervent fer-vent wish that everybody let us alona and let us work in peace." When I read that letter on the air, another 59-year-old automobile worker (member of a CIO union) wrote In Immediately to agree with the sentiments. He says: "All I ask for is 52 weeks' work in a year (including (in-cluding one week vacation with pay), no strikes, no lay-offs and no increase (underlined by the writer) in wages. Industry and farm prices would take away all and more of any Increase I might get. I too, wish we could get a secret poll of CIO members on such matters as above, but that is quite improbable improb-able the union leaders would discourage dis-courage any such vote." Another listener reminded me of the so-called "Barnes bill" in Massachusetts Mas-sachusetts to compel unions to file certain statements with the Commonwealth Com-monwealth a bill fought by union leaders which was carried by so large a majority that observers figured that more than 50 per cent of the members of unions in the Bay state had voted in its favor. A woman correspondent added ber voice in support of the first worker. She wrote: "Men looking for work are trying to avoid jobs where they have to join unions." Of course, there were many who disagreed. One of the most vehement vehe-ment was a 78-year-old Virginian who began work on the railroad In 1886. He described early days when unionization union-ization was Just getting under way. He said: "When I joined the Brakemen, it was a crime. In fact, you had to keep it a secret or off went your head." He characterizes the union man who criticizes his leadership as "a parasite glad to get a raise and better working conditions, con-ditions, but who will let the other fellow pay for his fare." An Ohio union member concurs, saying: "When anyone tells you that they do not have a say in what their officers do, they show no respect whatsoever for the truth. They should attend their meetings and help shape their policies, and don't blame their officers for what is done because it is their own fault." Obviously, situations differ in different dif-ferent unions. When the bill is written by congress, I believe it will be so phrased that it will make it possible possi-ble for the majority of union men, if not the majority of the leaders, to vote without qualms for the men who wrote it. That seems common political sense. New Book of Wonders When 1 was reminded that there was going to be an Agricultural Yearbook this year (the first one since 1942) I hot-footed it over to the editor because the Agricultural Yearbook Is news. Bad news when BARBS If radio could do as much to improve im-prove the production and quality of its corn as agriculture does it would be a happier world. TVs American public "spent three times as much on tobacco as it did on religion although the latter sum reached a new high last year. Which shows that some people still expect to smoke here as well as hereafter. they don't have one and good news when they do, which is every year since 1863 when Abraham Lincoln signed the bill authorizing establishment estab-lishment of the department of agriculture agri-culture and outlining its functions. At this writing the book is still in galleys but will be out soon. Circumstances Cir-cumstances which interrupted the annual an-nual publication of this work have combined to make it perhaps the most interesting in the history of the department. Its title Is "Science in Farming" and it will reveal some of the tremendous advances which have affected the products of agriculture agri-culture during and because of the war. The editor is Alfred Stcllerud and the authors of the some 150 odd articles which it contains are mostly scientists in the department. Some are staff members of state colleges, state agricultural experiment experi-ment stations and other government laboratories. As editor Stefferud says, this yearbook will furnish "a wealth of information on how to live better and work better, information about food, clothing, housing, gardens, gar-dens, pests, forests, new processes and many other things." There isn't room here to lint all of the contents but the articles which deal with plant and animal genetics recount tremendous strides made in breeding, feeding and care, and combating insects and diseases. dis-eases. The hen getting her respiration respira-tion measured in the picture is an example of the studies of conditions favorable to health and well being of poultry, cattle and horses which have been studied. Then there are the new products which have been created out of old ones: Utilization of corn-cobs and stalks and straw; the manufacture of vegetable meals that used to be dumped; chapters on penicillin and ft piHi ' At''- Bio-physicist H. G. Barott of department de-partment of agriculture places hen in respiration calorimeter to measure intake of oxygen and output of carbon dioxide and heat. rutin showing the new bond between agriculture and pharmacy. I never guessed that rutin can be made from some 35 different plants and the richest in yield is the one that produces pro-duces those tasty buckwheat cakes that I used to drown in maple syrup In my youth. Then there is the story of "velva," the toothsome product made of over-ripe fruit You may or may not know that one of the most difficult flavors to preserve is that of the apple. It was never captured even In candy, successfully. Now, however, how-ever, it has been anchored and there is an apple flavor as satisfactory as vanilla. Incidentally one of the most fascinating articles is the result re-sult of a survey which reveals what Americans eat and why. After even a rather hurried glance at the contents of this volume I realize how lucky are the people who have a friend in congress from whom they can obtain a copy of "Science and Farming." Under the law 260,000 copies of the yearbook are printed as congressional documents docu-ments and nearly all of these are delivered to congressmen. It is left to their discretion to distribute them. They also can be purchased from the superintendent of documents docu-ments of the U. S. government printing print-ing office. The price has not been announced at this writing but I imagine it will not exceed $2 this year. by Baukhage The only ordinary civilians who can give orders to generals and admirals ad-mirals are the newsreel photographers. photog-raphers. Unlike Poland, Czechoslovakia, Hungary and Austria still have some freedom. How soon will Russia Rus-sia be able to arrange free and unfettered un-fettered elections in those three countries? (Editor's Note: This Is another In By ED EMERINE WNU Features. The aura of California sometimes may fade, but it never dies. The subtle influence of El Dorado today is not as vague as the imagined golden treasures of long ago. California is the fable-illumined land of America where dreams come true. The treasure of good living in a healthful land where there is opportunity beckons strongly today just as the discovery of gold at Sutter's sawmill in 1848 beckoned. There is a promise of new life, of a kinder providence, in the sight of citrus groves against a background of snowy 1 peaks. There is somehow a rebirth of faith in oil wells spouting black gold, In ships going to the Orient through the Golden Gate, in airplanes air-planes and factories, and in desert land made to bloom. The yearning for El Dorado, now known as "California fever," has affected many men of many nations. California Is not one state, one climate, cli-mate, one altitude, cne picture, or one people. It is the second largest state in the nation. It is scorched and parched desert and cool Lake Tahoe in the mountains. It is Mt. Whitney, 14,522 feet above sea level the highest peak in the United States and Death Valley, 200 feet below sea level, both In the same county. It is bathing beauties and movie stars as well as cattle ranches and dairy farms. Fine sands of sweeping ocean beaches, rough and rocky mesas, subtropical areas, frozen Sierra peaks all are California. California may mean farming, farm-ing, mining, cattle raising, trapping, trap-ping, shipping, fruit growing, movie making, lumbering, manufacturing, man-ufacturing, Ashing, hunting or a hundred other occupations. It may be the lonely life of herding herd-ing sheep or the gay rounds of night clubs, society, yachts, race tracks. Or It may mean Chinatown, Palm Springs, Hollywood, Holly-wood, big redwood trees or sagebrush! The average Californian, whether he is a native or an adopted son, may boast with justification that his state has the tallest trees, the highest mountains, the fastest-growing population and the most promising prom-ising future of all the states. And these aggressive Californians really real-ly mean it State Progress. Their energy has built aqueducts from the mountains to make great agricultural areas out of deserts. They have strung power lines from mighty dams to bring energy to cities and factories, dredged great harbors from mud flats and flung the world's biggest bridges across a bay. They have developed cotton plantations below sea level and drilled slopes for oil and gas. Irrigation Irri-gation ditches have turned waste lands into grain fields and pastures, truck gardens and orchards. The forbidding areas of a century ago are green and fertile, with comfortable comfort-able homes where families dwell. Gold was the first natural resource re-source to be exploited in California, the discovery turning a Spanish pastoral pas-toral country into a Yankee land. And the Yankees haven't stopped Winter converts Lassen park Into the "Stories of the States" series.) NATIVE SON . . . Gov. Earl Warren War-ren of California is among the state's few native sons. He was born in Los Angeles in 1891. His law practice In San Francisco and Oakland was interrupted for service In World War I. Engaged in politics poli-tics since 1919, he served as Alameda Ala-meda county district attorney for many years. In 1938 he was elected attorney general and in 1942 was elected governor, a post to which he was reelected In 1946. hunting for treasure minerals, timber, tim-ber, gas, petroleum, silver, copper, lead, zinc, platinum, tungsten, mag-nesite, mag-nesite, potash, stone, soda, cement and the soil itself. They harnessed the water power and put It to work. They turned to manufacturing and shipping, and dared to start new ventures ven-tures such as the moving picture industry. California fired their imaginations, and gave them scenery scen-ery and a wonderful climate as well. No Gamble in Farming. California has been unlike any other state In development and sequence se-quence of agriculture. The first industry in-dustry was cattle, derived from herds driven from Mexico by Viceroy Galvez in 1769 for the Mission establishments. estab-lishments. Crops were planted, but there was the annual gamble with drouth. Since 1885. California's farms have grown smaller in size, and irrigation has become widespread. wide-spread. Farming is no gamble now! In 1873 two seedless orange trees from Brazil were sent to Riverside, and from these two has sprung the modern orange industry of Califor a veritable fairyland. tf: V 3 h V ? . : it - - can'-" nia. The state produces limes, tangerines, tan-gerines, citrons, figs, olives, avocados, avoca-dos, pomegranates, dates and other fruit. California is the only state producing lemons in commercial quantities. Pears, apples, peaches, plums, prunes, cherries, grapes and small fruits and berries are grown widely in the state. The sensational sensation-al achievements of California's great wizard, Luther Burbank, are well known. California was the first state to grow sugar beets. It is a leader in truck and vegetable growing and produces enormous quantities of Persian and English walnuts, almonds, al-monds, pecans and other nuts. El Dorado Is still California. It Is a young state, eager to stretch its muscles and do bigger big-ger things. "How many Californians Cali-fornians will there be in 1950?" is asked. Los Angeles county expects to have 3,371,000. The San Francisco Bay area expects to have 2,000,000. The state expects ex-pects a total of 9,000,000 people peo-ple to be fed, housed and employed em-ployed in 1950. The answer? Factories and new industries! Almost every California town has ample electric power and other utilitiesand utili-tiesand a vacant space to put a factory. Santa Clara, San Bernardi no, Pomona, Riverside, Gridley, Oroville, Lodi and dozens of other California towns are looking for footloose foot-loose factories that can be located where there are raw materials on the spot. ; New Developments Noted. And if factories won't do all the job, what about the new developments develop-ments in the great Central valley? A new irrigation, flood control and power project there includes Shasta dam on Sacramento river, Friant dam on San Joaquin river and numerous nu-merous irrigation canals. Nine miles downstream from Shasta, Kenwick dam is being constructed to create an afterbay reservoir for the Shasta power plant and generate additional power itself. This development devel-opment will take care of thousands more people from Redding to Bak-ersfield, Bak-ersfield, including the San Francisco Bay area. Although the motion picture Industry In-dustry was born on the east coast, the movie capital of the world today revolves around Hollywood and its environs Culver City, Universal City and Burbank. The atmosphere there is so clear that pictures can be taken on about 350 days of the year, while topography and flora afford varied "locations." Perhaps California has been praised too lavishly, cursed too loudly, loud-ly, loved too greatly and hated beyond be-yond all reason. Not many misfits, or modern adventurers, will find California all it is advertised to be. But the strong, the sensible, the Industrious, the substantial ones may find in California a greater selection se-lection of vocations, Interests and opportunities than they have ever known before. Remember, they do the impossible impossi-ble right along in California I li&IiJXSJvS i Mm.l?mif ! BASEBALL has grown restless. Especially in the spring. This time they will be playing and training as j far apart as Hawaii and Cuba. Teams will be shifted all over the spring map. The Giants move from Miami to Phoenix and travel as far west-ward west-ward as Hawaii. The Cleveland Indians In-dians shift from Clearwater, Fla., to Tucson, Ariz. The Yankees tour Cuba and sections of Central Cen-tral and South America before landing at St. Petersburg, Fla. The Dodgers leave Florida for Cuba and other Latin Grantland Rice tun. The new slogan ought to be "Join a ball club and see most of the world." The Cardinals are firmly set at St. Petersburg, the Red Sox at Sara sota and the Tigers at Lake Wales. The Yankees hit St. Petersburg I around March 12. The Reds report i back to Tampa. Arizona gets its first big league training test with ) the Giants at Phoenix and the Indians In-dians at Tucson, where a warm, dry sun ought to help. But we like the training idea of the Cardinals, Red Sox and Tigers best. They go directly to one spot, from which point they have only a short traveling range to meet high grade competition. Smart ball players begin working out their legs before spring training starts through golf or hunting. Ball players could use better legs. Watch a pitcher after he hits a triple. He winds up at third, puffing like a volcano and it often takes him an extra inning or two to retain re-tain his pitching form. The Cardinal System The St. Louis Cardinals have the best idea of the qualities that go into the making of a good ball player. Their farm system was arranged ar-ranged on the general idea of giving giv-ing experience to young players who could run and throw. For the past 20 years the average Cardinal could run and he had a good arm. Hard hitters or big hitters who were slow, rarely stayed around. Ball players with bad arms were not wanted, no matter how good they might look otherwise. The arms of Terry Moore and Country Slaughter in the past have been as deadly as twin rifles and both were extremely fast on their feet. When a Cardinal starts from first to third he usually makes it. And when some rival starts from first to third he Is quite often cut down short of the bag. Branch Rickey and Sam Bread-on Bread-on were the pair who worked out this selective plan and now Rickey is using it for his Dodgers. Experience Experi-ence is a big factor but a brace of young legs End a young throwing arm are also useful. Dodgers Are Younger Eddie Dyer and Durocher are both banking on speed and good arms this season. The Dodgers have this advantage they are younger. More than one Cardinal star is now deep in the veteran class and speed doesn't Increase with the years not even with a Terry Moore and an Enos Slaughter. If Robinson makes good at third, or wherever he is used, his addition addi-tion will increase Dodger speed. Teams in the National league hoping hop-ing to crowd out either Brooklyn or St. Louis will need more speed than they have shown so far. A large number of ball players can get in better condition and stay in better condition than many do. For any daily competition that runs through 154 games demands the best sort of physical condition. This can be obtained much better by sticking as long as possible to one spot, rather than through extensive traveling around. College and Pro War There is now an underground, undeclared un-declared war between the colleges and pro football which may break into the open any day or any week. The colleges are charging that the pro leagues are taking away star football players, who have from one to two years left for college football a direct violation of pro-promises pro-promises not to take any man who is eligible for the college game. The pro leagues are charging that college football coaches and college col-lege athletic associations are holding hold-ing players in college, or trying to hold them, long after their classes have graduated. This argument or feud of course dates back to the war. I happen to know that when the war came along, many southern coaches were something more than mildly upset over the fact that Army and Navy had taken away their best players. Unless he actually wants to finish fin-ish a college education above everything every-thing else, I can see no reason why I a man of 25 or 26. especially those I with families, should stay on in col lege to play football. Under these circumstances. I would say that he Is entitled to leave college and get the best job available. 1 tM Wft jj SEWING CIRCLE ononk: ii nil i iM8 LlMMttl GLOWING buttons circling one shoulder and one hip highlight this enchanting junior dress. It has a gala spring air and will fit handsomely hand-somely into your spring-through-summer wardrobe plans. Use a soft solid tone, flower-sprigged fabric, fab-ric, or all white. Pattern No. 8080 is designed for sizes 11, 12, 13, 14, 16 and 18. Size 12, cap sleeve, 3ft. yards of 35 or 39-inch. The Sprlnr Insne nf FASHION contains a wealth of iewlnir Information tor every home sewer, fashions by top-flight as- Taffy in Life Better Than Epitaphy After Depew On his eighty - fifth birthday famed orator Chauncey Depew was invited to a gala dinner. All the notables present took turns in making highly complimentary speeches about the guest of honor. Finally there were cries of "Speech! Speech!" "You have no idea how good it is to hear words of praise while I'm still alive," said Depew. "I'd much rather have the taffy than the epitaphy." 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