Show J 0 JT I V I 7 r r 1 I L I I I Lj d k j r I v Cv t y I h c 2 I jj f t t III III 7 I r v W i i ii t ir 2 7 6 c r 7 t i r l t Id I j i fl jh it I B t J I 1 I 4 RA A Y rI v vr Ii I Ir 1 1 I b i I A t h f 1 r V h i h H riF HARLES DARWIN was wa born on the theme he Minu me day tiny of ot tho the same year as ns Abraham Lincoln February 12 J l SO 00 just jost a hundred years ago ngo It I Ione Ione one ot of tho the most remarkable conjunctions of ot nil nfl history the emancipator of ot n a race raco nod and the liberator of ot thought ushered Into tho tito world together One Is IB almost almot por per persuaded l that there hero must be bo something In na no one lne compares the character anti destiny ot of these two great men meD akin In IJO many ways In kindness of ot heart beart In patience devotion to Jo truth heroic courage buttle und and ulti ulU ultimate mate victory 1 I IDOr Darwin DOr ln who had hod been co ridiculed find end de do denounced all nil tho the latter years yearn of ot his lila life liCe ns os tho the Monkey Man was wall burled In Westminster Abbey when ho bo died His grave grate rne by design Is only n a few teW feet teet from roTa that hat of ot Sir Isaac Newton The ono dis discovered covered the tho ley key to inorganic matter the tho other to 10 the tho veiled elle portal of life lite By y tho the timo Darwin died bis bL theory of ot Evolution was ns generally accepted by scientists ta and aud oven ceu theologians began to ceo Eee that It not In any an c Inimical to revelation or destructive of religion Ho Ha was wan acclaimed ns os tho the greatest Eng Eug Englishman En lishman of ot the tho nineteenth century A Afew Afew few ow years ago tho tIm Outlook published a n symposium from Crom eminent men In all nil I walks of ot life lire giving what each aeh thought tb I was the most Important book lH ok of or the tiie nine nineteenth century Nino Nine out oat of ot ten put The Origin of ot the Species first on the tho list Hut This book bool published In la ISoO 1 electrified science It had bad been n a dogma that the tho species of or animals und plants are arc Immutable able crossbreeding crog might produce now no varIetIes variation within n II species but ono specie cie con could Id not be derived from another or changed Into another It was thought I that when God created animals neil anil Adam named them In tho ho Garden of or Eden their had been eternally fixed How flow could an no elephant be 1 evolved from nn an ant or a from rono a 11 tor tortoise or toise Now oe the tho great achievement ot of Darwin lay 11 In his hla demonstration that such hud hull actually been the tho process of ot o nature fly By Byn a n thousand concurrent proofs ho relied upon ullon facts not eloquence be he showed that species do chango chongo und are arc continually ally nil changing rIo IIo showed the tho causes that bat operate to produce these changes back bach of ot them ull nil tho great Initial law ot of Natural Selection I When n a sets about to pro produce I duce deco n a new breed of ot dog do ho he selects Its It parents with the tho greatest care If It he Is II breeding for tor or the ho most agile and animals Ore are chosen This Tills of ot selection through several gen Cen generations wilt will produce the and azid log dog the fancier desires desired Ar selection guided gullIed by b human Intel Intelligence IntellI lI enc can con thus produce Infinite vane varie varieties ties tics of ot forms From the tho original Jungle fowl all our known varieties of ot chickens were evolved From the original orl blue rach roc I pigeon came nil all the tho countless vane varie varieties ties tumblers pouters carriers capuchins capuchins chins entails and hundreds mow more What the breeder docs does by selection Nature as m DarwIn showed Tk pY zb n v lv c C does docs by b natural selection by the tho sur sun survival sura vival vivai a I of ot the lie fittest sl In lu the struggle for tor existence Thus by b way war of ot the giraffe has a long neck because It feeds upon the tile tender foliage of ot the tho mimosa The ilie longest Individuals of or each ench generation had the best chance to survive because lecause food wan within easier roach reach and aud Iso because from rom their living conning tower they could observe the ap up approach of o more readily The Tho Individuals of ot each gen generation n were far ar an more likely to 10 perish In famine or to tall fall Till a 8 pro prey to 10 fierce fiance car can elvona Thus with each generation the tho neck neele of ot the giraffe became longer and longer lonor until tho the animal we wo know was wat evolved Protective coloration IB is another Important taut tant factor Why h Is tho the polar bear white Because living amId snow and andIce a andIce Ice the lie lI Individuals of ot each generation bad a better chance of ot stealing upon their pro prey unobserved and aud a better bettor chance of ot escaping detection by bJ their own enemies Thus the lorell bears were veru less loss likely to Lo survive Nature selecting the tho Albinos produced tho lie snowy white polar bear This explains why desert animals are mostly molI yellow Ilka iIlo tho sand annd I why hy ninny many butterflies are arc like the tho flowers they frequent It L hi 11 a n key ley ey to to Innumerable mysteries of ot n u Scientist And nd for Cor or making lOa kin these wonderful dis discoveries I proving them by laboriously seeking out thousands of ot bits hits of ot evidence Darwin was 08 more mora bitterly assailed than luau had fallen to the lie lot of ot any nn scientist be before before I fore tore Not even Galileo was WuI thus reviled and ridiculed Bruno burned ut lit the tho stake had bad fewer detractors and foes foe From cartoonists c to bishops everybody tool cul II u at nt the Monkey Man lie was called Atheist ind AntiChrist kale mis misrepresented represented and maligned by lJ mistaken de do defenders defenders fenders of tl orthodoxy But the storm blew hl over oven The name of at Darwin Danwin became It a synonym s of or honor hOllor The Darwinian theory became the key keystone keystone stone of ot all thought A of ot great reat thinkers Herbert Spencer Thomas Henry Huxley Ernest Ennest and Alfred took up arms armA against bigotry anti and Ignorance Gradually the truth prevailed ns lie men TaCO Saw row It was waB not a n of ot Moses r J versus Darwin of ot versus religion but simply n a anew new and wonderful addition to ranna mons knowledge of ot Gods eternal law In Canon Fennan was waR one of ot the pallbearers nt at funeral Russell nUS ell Lowell Twell r well nt at the time limo the tho American ambassador to England another All the world united In mourning neil and praising the mon man manit It unit laughed nt at and decried a few fow to years el before With the publication of ot hIs bin Life and Letters It IL also became known knon what a n grandly simple sweet character hail marked the tho great grent scientist Ills IlIA homo bomo life was Ideally happy JILt 1111 modesty was sun sur surpassed passed IHl etl only mil by hf lila his reverence for or on truth And 1111 perhaps never neer was WOg patience belter better than limit In lii this Invalid who ho wrote nearly n a score scone of ot volumes based upon personal research r hiM IMn III J t c Many Inny Incidents of oC his life lite are nic told to Illustrate the perseverance nail and devo devotion Ion tion of or his bill character lie He would woul watch Ion fur hours the tho movements lo of ot vino ilao Ino tendrils study stull for or years enrA the III in his lilt dower pots lots A field nt at Down his bis of or residence 11 after returning from his lila fio voyage o I the tile world worldon on the IlC Bea le was covered with n lay icy layer In Iner er en of ot chalk and permit permitted tod 1 to lie over ocr 20 W years before he lie dug Into It to discover oler change had been wrought roll by bj the Ille ac action action tion lUll of ot earthworms How many selen scientists could wait placidly for tor on 20 21 O years yearn to learn the result of or an nn experiment During the whole cruise of ot the flea Bea Beagle gle gIe lie II suffered severely from Crom nc kept at nt his hi work worl nevertheless Admiral Stokes has hns told how after utter per haps nn on hours boura application be M would say n Old fellow filow I must mUt take tho the horizontal for Cor It H that being the tho best b st relief from ship motion Ho He would stretch out oat on one side lIdo of or the table for tor on some ome time Ume and resume bis labors when ho bo tell felt cit n a little better helter All his hili Ute long he bad to com corn combat combat bat more serious disease In 10 the en me way wn Apparently his Ws genius was Indeed the outcome of o his hili Infinite capacity for tor tot tak totIng takIng Ing In pains Ho He was considered n a dunco at nt school ills His father once told him ho he would bo be a n disgrace to yourself and end nil all your family Ho no was also quite gullible Once n a youthfuL comrade told him he could got get cakes without money In a eel con certain tale tain by hy moving hIs bis bat hat In a n certain way n Darwin tried It and ear nar narrowly n r rowl escaped tho the wrath of ot the baker Ho lie was destined at ot hrat for tor or the tico of ot medicine then for tor tho the study stady of theology That ho become became neither doctor nor preacher was due lute to his bis rending reading of ot Humboldt and the encouragement nt of ot Pro Professor fessor of ot Cambridge who roe rec recommended him no as naturalist to the com corn commander launder mander of ot tho the enslo expedition who very er rejected him because be ho did not like ilko the shape of ot his bis nose no c Five PIc Years Year Around lie lic World The Tue voyage of ot the tho Is la told In one of ot the most Interesting travel books boo I II over ever I r written The Tb tropic life lite of ot Brazil the tue treeless pampas of ot Argentina the gIn gla glacial cial wilds willI of ot Patagonia the record of ot tho ho Andes all revealed to tho the young naturalist their secrets From South America tho Beagle went to the thc Galapagos Polynesia New Zealand 7 and Australia u Everywhere er this Columbus of ot science discovered new worlds with his microscope cope the coral reefs told him the tho tale of ot their laborious building forests of ot stone whispered the mysteries of ot ancient oceans One time their ship was ns sur sun surrounded rounded by h a cloud of ot butterflies extend extending lug ing lu ns as s far fan tarns as cue the eye ere could coull reach rench grass grasshoppers grasshoppers hoppers came aboard from any oo d Uc l e o I C Ci i h ec eZ Ld 2 Tf spiders were W ro captured 00 ro from shore chore FI 11 Ing on little balloons of their own slur sUle The Tho great of ot In Chill took look place pinto just Juat a n afew tow few days before reached that t point Thus Darwin the dunce dunco became mo th tIe tho great naturalist On his bis return to Eng England Eo England land bo ho his hl cousin Emma Wedgwood wood and willed settled nt ot Down n a quiet little village In Kent where ho wrote to the great s t works work that have made him hI famous and not revolutionized the tho whole of at human thought While Darwin waG wao living hero ho re received received received a letter lotter from Alfred d Russel Wai Wailace WaIlace lace loce a young youns naturalist then away In tho Malay Islands with an nn article embody embodying lag ing In tho very cry theory on which Darwin had for tor years been beoo laboring In secret Dar Dan Darwin Darwin Danwin win with Ith unselfishness for tor forwarded wended warded the article to Lyell for Cor on tho ho LEn Lin Linneon neon nenn Society and hut but for tor his big friends In 10 Intervention Wallace would w uld now be known ns tHI the discoverer of ot the theory of o eoln evolution Lion tion As All It was the two 10 men mon working thinking along Independent lines had both bit hit upon tho ho en mme me great groat truth at nt about the tho sumo same lImo Their names are linked In this thin discovery as aslie the lie names of O Huxley Spencer and nod are 1 linked Inked as ns the tho great grent chain cham champions pious and aud vindicators of ot the theory which today dominates every sphere of ot science All the tho world will wm celebrate on the day ilay of ot February the tho centenary of ot Dar Dan birth birthon on ln the same day da that also gave to 10 tho world the other great eman ernan emancipator dilator and martyr Abraham Lincoln |