ROOTS FOR THE LIVE STOCK. Carrots, Beets, Turnips and Mangels Stand High as Succulent and Supplementary Feeds. The average farmer pays little or attention to roots; but they are worthy of some attention, for they stand high as succulent and supplementary feeds, says the New England Homestead. You cannot value roots solely by the nutriment they contain. They aid in digestion and assimilation of dry food, and contribute to the healthfulness of all animals so fortunate as to get them. If fruits are of value, if not a necessity, to men, then roots and grasses have a place in feeding farm animals. Carrots may be fed to horses and sheep, sugar beets and turnips to dry cattle and lambs, and dairy cattle and hogs relish them ail. To withhold succulence, nature's great provision of thrift and health is to lessen profits. Ask the man who uses these crops; the horse breeder where carrots are known; the shepherd who knows his sheep and succeeds with them; the cattle breeder who has learned of the value of roots for health and appetite. The testimony as given is generally in favor of roots or of succulent ACTUAL RESULTS ON DRY LAND ABOUT DRY FARMING Farmers on Land "Made Good" Last Year with Less Than Twenty Inches of Rain. d IT THE CONSERVING MOISTURE IN THE SOILS. MEANS OF The Dry Farming; congress held at Cheyenne, Wyo., demonstrated beyond the question of a doubt that some lands of farmers on the the w st with less than twenty inches of rainfall "made good" in 1908, our hardest crop year for more than a decade. The fariasr explained their methrod of growing crops and had an exhibit of 1908 crops which was an unanswerable argument of the truth of their assertions. Theorists might theorize and tell how it should be done, but these farmers "delivered the goods" and told the hundreds of visitors Just how they succeeded, a most helpful feature for every new settler of the west. From the addresses given and discussions heard, Pro). W. N. Olin of the Colorado. Agricultural college glean 'd the following as fundamentals which every new settler should realize as essential and all important: First Choose a soil adapted to fanning, with a clay subsoil. Shun a sandy subsoil, since It tends to leach moisture and makes it difficult to maintain a soil reservoir, where, by capillary action, moisture reaches the plant as it has need. A sandy surface soil needs different treatment than a clayey, or clay loam surface soil. Hence, do not treat all soils no EXPECT A GOOD LAMB CROP Indications Point to a Much Larger Number of Lambs in the West Than Last Year. All indications and information point to a full lamb crop this year, says Breeders' Gazette. Lambing in Idaho has been on an unprecedentedly large scale. Some bad weather was encountered, notably in Wyoming and Utah, but feed was available and ewes are generally in condition to raise their lambs. Idaho, whence comes the Dorset Sheep. bulk of the mutton lamb supply, will probably raise more than last year. Taking the west as a whole, it will be more than a normal crop owing to precautions generally taken to prevent winter loss. East of the Missouri river about as many lambs will be raised as last year. There was some liquidation of stock sheep during the summer and fall of 1908, but a considerable number went out. Missouri, Illinois, Indiana and Ohio will have as many lambs if not more than a year ago. South of the Ohio river about the same number will be marketed, Kentucky and Tennessee not having increased breeding flocks materially. As a portion of the western lamb crop was held back last fall, owing to a rise in wool and a demoralized live mutton market, a heavy and early run of fat grass yearlings may be. expected, especially if prices prove attractive. Prospects for much better prices during the cummer months than were quoted during the corresponding period of 1908 are excellent. Feed lots will be emptied much earlier than usual and butchers will be hungry for mutton. The Dorsets, a cut of which is given above, are very popular as twin-lambearers and are a very hardy breed. SCRAPER FOR THE FARM BARN. One That Is Not Difficult to Will Prove Serviceable Number of Years. Make and for a The cut shows a scraper that we have used in our stables for many Ultimately Be the Means of Cultivating of Three-Fourth- s the Unoccuin Lands Agricultural the Western States. pied The study of the principles of dry .'arming, as expounded by the most expert farmers and agriculturists of the world at the last congress, have brought out the fact that these are also of great assistance to the farmer using water for irrigation. Dry farming is not farming without water, but simply conserving all the available moisture that falls during the entire year in the soil, and making use of it for crop growth, says a writer in Country Gentleman. These same principles can just as well be applied to the irrigationist who has a limited amount of water, thus increasing both the quantity and quality of his crop. Dry farming is no mere experiment. It has been practiced in all the western states by ranchmen according to their own ideas with success for the last fifsubstitutes. teen to twenty years. It is only during are Carrots slightly harder to grow the last three years that an effort ha;; than beets, but they are the best feed been made to gather all available in The large stock varieties are, of formation on the methods practiced, to be preferred to the fine course, and to crystalize them into a certain grain the garden kind. set of scientific rules that may be folcome in season. the later Turnips the inexperienced farmer. It lowed From June to September will be range was by for this purpose that the three ansufficient for your climate and en- nual congresses have been vironment. Turnips may be sown held, and the success of the one rebroadcast, but for large yields the cently held at Cheyenne, Wyo., proved row method is preferred. Mangels a shadow of a doubt that this are grown with the least difficulty, beyond wil be the means of ultimately cultibut they are not so good as carrots s of the unoccupied or turnips. For sheep roots are al- vating lands of the western agricultural most indispensable. states. Dry farming has been in use in alike. Second Have one cash money crop, tut make the major portion of the ftrm feed crops, which will give back to tbe soil at least 75 per cent, soil va ue of the crop fed, to keep up the ferility of the farm and maintain humus. Third three-fourth- , Don't neglect the oolt if you want to make a good strong horse of it. You know that stunted plants never do so well afterwards. It is the same way with a colt, or a calf, or a pig. Neglect and lack of proper food in the growing stage tells on the whole after life. Don't put off the colt with just anything. After it gets old enough to eat. give it a little box to itself in the far end of its mother's manger and feed it a little oats, or clover hay. and other tidbits. If it eats with its mother she may be as forgetful as you are and soak up everything in sight. Every animal makes its largest per cent, of gain in early life. This is the time when food pays the greatest per cent, of profit. You don't want your colt to go through the winter on refuse hay and cornstalks when there is something better to be had. If the colt is trained in eating for some time before weaning comes on the trial will not be so great. It will pass easily from mother's milk to a delicious little meal of grass, oats, and choice hay. Don't forget to look out for the colt. of the Work Can Work 25 chain stitches, turn, a treble in the fifth from hook, a double treble in each of the next six, a treble la each of the next seven, a double crochet in each oj the remaining seven. A double crochet in each stitch all round. Five chain, back into first (picotl a double crochet in next stitch, this forms the picot at the top, or narrow end of the leaf, four more five chain pi cots with a double crochet in every . keep live stock other stitch, a picot with a treble in every other stitch three times, a picot TO UTILIZE Cultivating Between Peaches and Cotton. China for 3,000 years, in California for 30 years, in Utah for 20 years, and is now being practiced by over 1,500 farmers within a radius of 40 miles of Cheyenne, Wyo., and with marked success. products at the Albuquerque (N. M.) International Irrigation congress won the highest awards over products raised by irrigation. This is all interesting, says the reader, but will you tell me precisely what "dry farming" is? It isn't, of course, farming without water; but it is farming without water enough to farm in the usual way. It is practicable where the annual precipitation is as low as ten inches. Naturally drouth-resistincrops must be grown, such as wheat, oats, barley, rye, native grasses and alfalfa. Suppose our dry farm to consist of 300 acres; it is divided into two main fields of 150 acres each. One field is summer fallowed, while the other is producing a crop. In this way half the land is lying over every year, in order to store up two years' moisture to produce a crop. The main product is wheat, other crops being grown principally for feed. Fall plowing is practiced, so the soil will be in better shape to hold the winter's precipitation. The plowed ground is cultivated during the summer with an to ordinary disk or smoothing-harrohold moisture in the soil and prevent the growth of weeds. A large area is necessary to success, as yields are low, and the crops must be handled at the least possible expense. No regular rotation of crops is followed. While dry farming has been practiced in this country for half a century, It is only since 1904 that it has been adopted as a profitable industry. Gradually attention began to be attracted to the success of a number of arid region farmers in the where Irrigation was Impossible. Prof. i EL M. Campbell of Nebraska had been conducting a series of experiments in North Dakota, and had succeeded In getting good results under trying conditions. These results became known to J. P. Pomeroy of Colorado Springs, who owned several thousand acres of land in western Kansas, and Prof. Campbell was quickly installed on fin experiment farm at Hill City. The 'demonstrations of the first three years fixed the status of dry farming, and (the redemption of many thousands of acres of desert land in the semi-ariregions of the west followed. i FOR RINGING HOGS. three feet : d 4 Style Well Adapted for That Material in Any Color Collar and Cuffs Faced with Velvet. Fond Easily Produce It if the Following Directions Are Faithfully Followed. : gen-erall- self-feede- Material Is Well Adapted for Many Purposes Besides That of Covering Floors. One Good, Strong Horses He Must Not Neglect the Young Ones. g 4r WOULD LOOK WELL IN SERGE. Any IS SIMPLE BUT PRETTY PIECE OF DESIGNING. the Farmer Desires If At one end of a piece of broomstick long, drive in two staples as indicated in the accompanying ilyears and which is now as good as lustration, and another one in about the center of the stick. Fasten one new, says S. B. Hartman. Take a hardwood board 8x18 inches, end of a wire, three feet in length, in and bevel opposite edges as shown in one of the top staples, letting the the illustration. Bore two holes equal wire pass through the other two distance from each end and edge and staples and secure a stick in the other slant for the insertion of the handle. end of the wire to serve as a handle. Take a hickory, or other tough, green In ringing, push the wire down to sappling, about six .feet long, and drive an iron ring down to within ten inches of the larger end, or a few turns of No. 9 wire will answer. Split the lower end of the handle as far as the ring find wedge the ends firmly behind the board. If handle is properly fitted the scraper will be rigid. One edge is used for pushing, the For Holding a Hog. other for pulling. If to be used in a gutter, make board at least one inch form a loop, which Is put into the narrower than the gutter to prevent mouth of the hog, and then draw up binding. and proceed with the operation. Fred Wade. Give Pigs Salt and Ashes. breeders it is NOTES CONCERNING THE HORSE. By experienced deemed advisable to keep salt and ashes where pigs can have ready acSow a good patch of carrots for the cess to them. horses. After pigs begin to eat grain they When two horses become accuswill visit the salt and ashes after tomed to working together, don't It has been change them. every feed or oftener. found profitable to keep he mixture In matching up the work teams In which a bucket mate them in size, in a weight and dispoful of the mixture can be kept dry sition as nearly as possible. and from which the pigs can get it It Is very hard on a prompt horse to from an opening at the bottom. be obliged to work with a lazy one. By this arrangement there is a savThe wear and tear is great and uning of labor and the pigs never get necessary, and a loss. so hungry for it as to eat too much, Never tolerate a man on the farm as is the case when salt and ashes who yanks, kicks or whips a horse. are given only occasionally. In no case should the colt be alThe wisdom of this practice has lowed to follow when the mare is at been corroborated by numerous very work. Do not bang the bits against, the satisfactory tests. Pigs fed corn meal with salt and water get very fat in a horse's teeth. Be patient and ho will short time, but soon fail to improve. open his month. Pigs fed corn meal, hardwood ashes, Break your colts to walk downhill. salt and water do better and make Now, that may mean that you will better growth of bone. Pigs having have to break yourself first, for It ashes make better bone and better seems to be natural to hurry horses gain. downhill. It Is a bad plan. In the absence of ashes ground bone Don't toggle your harnesses up with may be profitably fed. strings. No surer way to invite trouble; have everything stout. Run for the Pigs. Get a first class horse dentist to No plan of feeding is complete with- look over the teeth of every horse on Importation of Nuts. out the dally run of the pigs and the farm, young and old. the large produc Notwithstanding brood sows on pasture in summer, yet flon of edible nuts In this country, the Sure Sign of Progress. even with he grazing and the variety One of the surest signs of improved (importations are steadily on the In of grain, with corn as the chief raIt fecms that it will be a dif tion. It has been found that pigs regu- agriculture Is a dry, clean hog pen. create. flcult matter to overstock the market, has discovered farmer The clinnoal fed salt with and ashes larly make better growth of frame and are thnt a pig wallows In mire only when especially so as the demand for nut products Is steadily increasing. be cannot help himself. less troubled with worms. Barn Scraper. MATTING. HERE on the farm, the kind of live stock to g A with a double treble in every other stitch four times, picot with a double treble in every stitch three times, picot with a treble in every other three times, picot with a double crochet in next stitch but one, a single crochet in back thread of every other stitch five times, picot with a double crochet in last stitch of row; fasten off. LACE CROCHET PROPER CARE OF THE COLT. DEVICE k Therefore, All the leaves for the first row of the trimming are worked in this way, but the fifteenth picot is caught to the to the seventh and the sixteenth sixth picot of the preceding leaf, the cross bars which connect the leaves at the top are worked in with the chain row of the heading. For the heading: First row. Twenty chain, back into the eighth from the hook, three chain, catch to the eighteenth picot of first leaf, three chain back into same place as before, three chain, catch to the twentieth picot, three chain back into same place as before, three chain Into the fourth from hook of the first made chain stitches, six chain into the first picot, four chain into the second picot, , 15 chain into the fourth picot, three chain back into fourth from hook, three chain into the eighteenth picot of the next leaf, three chain back into same place as before, three chain into the twentieth picot, three chain back as before, three chain into the fourth from hook of the top chain, and repeat from Second row. One treble in every other stitch with one chain between each. Third row. A double crochet in every stitch of previous row Fourth row One treble in every other stitch with one chain between each. The second row leaves may be added either before, or after, the heading has been worked, as preferred. LeaveB for second row These are worked precisely like the others as far as the first picot, which must be caught to the thirteenth picot of the tipper leaf, picot, a single crochet in every other stitch five times, picot, treble in next but one, from the next picot work the cross bars, catching them to the plcots, as shown in the illustration. Work the remainder of the row as before, but in reverse order, catch the leaves together as shown. IN j be determined by the farm environ ment, market conditions and farm capital the owner can invest. Fourth Adoption of moisture conserving methods of tillage is vital and all important. Deep plowing, in the average soil, is a requisite of prime importance. Fifth Use acclimated seed of the most drought resistant type which can be made to fit into a purposeful, At practical rotation for the farm. least one legume should be grown in all rotations chosen. Sixth Some capital is absolutely essential for all settlers on western lands. In every Instance of failure which the writer has been able to trace in the last four years, he finds in the start a dearth of capital. Seventh Back of soil, climate, seed system and capital must be a redetermined, intelligent sourceful, farmer, one willing to learn from his neighbors and to adapt himself and his methods to his environment. Such a man is the one who will, through utilizing flood waters, or a well, supplement the main farm with a vegetable and fruit garden which he can Irrigate when rains do not come at the proper time for best results. Such a man will give his family an attractive home with modern He will conveniences throughout. also make the dairy cow, hog and hen bring in a regular income, tnci-- I dentally manufacturing cheap home- crown feeds into products which the marKet constantly uemanas. "Dry Farming" in Mexico. An- Thomas W. Chisholm of in traveler an Mexico, extensive geles, states that scientific methods of soil tillage are in use there. "Just before leaving the State of Puebla," said Mr. Chisholm, "I went out to the hacienda of Zeferino Do- minguez, who is conducting an agri- ultural experiment station at San limn Tecamachalco, where for three yeafl he has been engaged in expert nts with dry farming with the best I was very much nstonlshed and gratified when on reaching his place I saw the fullness of success which had crowned his efforts to iiiake the unwatered tracts of Mexico qua! to the best of the farming lands of the world. I never In my life saw better crops than I saw on this large experiment farm of some 5,000 acres, ill produced by dry farming methods of deep plow ing and a thorough course or cultivation following, and I know I am safe In saying that It would be to produce better corn, or practically any class of rain, than he Is now raising on his lann. The success of this station Is true of any part of Mexico, for I have visited all of the largest haciendas is the republic." Is i , STRAW Straw matting may be put to many Serge in any color uses beside the conventional one of made up in this style. The plain skirt has covering floors. It is particularly effective In sum- down each side of stitched half a dozen mer cottage and piazza furnishings. Table covers may be made of the fine, closely woven Japanese matting, hemmed at each end. As a finish to the lower part of a wall matting which is not too heavy serves quite as well as burlap and is a change from the more usual covering. Settee cushions may be made, or at least covered, with the fine, pliable kind of matting, to match the strip on the porch floor. Wondow shades and awning to keep the sun off, which are tied back or rolled up when not in use, are also practical made of matting. They are hemmed top and bottom and hung upon rings at the top, which in turn are hung on little brass hooks screwed into the window frame or porch beam. would look well a wrapped seam front, and is times round the Fine Embroidery. Now that sartorial success depends so much on the mixing of colors, the are makexperts in ing exact copies of the old trimmings and tapestries of the past; and most successful many of them are. A few years ago we had somewhat forgotten the art of making beautiful trimedgmings, and cheap machine-madings, known as passementeries, spoilt any remaining faith we had in this kind of adornment. But for the past few seasons the leading Influences that control the world of dress have given forth the edict that embroideries, if used at all, must be only the best. Therefore in some cases where economy has to be studied we must use our embroideries very sparingly, and It Is easy enough to Introduce a handsome piece of embroidery on a corsage that can be used with more than one frock. foot. A wrapped seam is arranged on each side of coat to correspond with Cushions Lend Distinction. that on skirt; large buttons form a Every woman has been proud to trimming down front of coat, which own one or more sofa and bed cush- fastens Invisibly. Velvet is used to ions made from the handkerchief face the collar and cuffs. linen and squares of filet lace. NothHat of straw, trimmed at right side ing gives more distinction to a bed- by a large silk chou. room couch or the bed Itself than the Materials required: Six yards serge 52 inches wide, one-hal- f addition of one of these cushions. yard velvet, These are now imitated In covers six buttons, four yards coat lining. for pincushions. If you are looking for a dainty present for another girl Mediaeval Modes. you cannot go far wrong in choosing The figure that harmonizes with the one. mediaeval gowns is one that Is rather It is about six inches long and three full busted, If anything, and round wide and is made of the finest mate- embroidered bust ornaments are an rials. The squares of filet lace have effective trimming on the the classic designs on them. The bodice. Kven muslin gowns are guiltedges of the linen nre finely hem- less of fluff and frothiness, and are stitched. Tiny round p'arl buttons given elegant flat masses of trimming are used, which do not button through in the way of stoles, hip girdles, bust the material, but fasten Into tiny silk ornaments, etc. Coarse simple gold loops. They are slipped over colored embroidery in wash silk silk linings. lavished on a gown of a soft, white cheesecloth, the design purely ByNew Fashionable Trimming, zantine, and a thick gold cord outlinKoine gold Among the fashionable trlffWlIlfl ing panels and motifs. Is lace with the pattern outllued with fringe ti the limit and bacll (aid thread or colored silk, This Is stoles. The gown is simply hem a modish touch a woman can give Pitched and lies over a slip of aof her costume herself. white China silk. Vogue. e long-waiste- gold-colore-