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Show THE SAUNA SUN, SAUNA, UTAH bias and 0 milllampere drain the case of the 112 are contrasted with the negative bias of the 371 at a plate current of 11 milliam-peres- . Hence, at 00 volts the S7t draws more plate current than does the at 135 volts. In fHow Power Tubes Improve Quality 'Draw Twice as Much Filament Current as Olhers at Same Voltage, By HERMAN BARNARD (Associate I. R. E.) In tlie final stage It lias long been the favorite practice of radio engineers to use a power tube, and Its Inclusion preseated no (problem to them, but when the public .took Its cue from the export and round the power tube, the public quickly found Itself seeking inforrua-tloon a subjeet new to It. The questions that rise in the pubHe inlnd are naturally often addressed to dealers, who Sum up the answer by specifying the particular power tube best suited for the Installation. The tube manufacturers had to take on 'the sudden task of educating the deai-!er- s and their clerks to a working (knowledge of power tube performance. iFor a short while the questions rained iin thicker and faster than the Information, and clerks were occasionally stumped, as on one occasion when 1 happened Into a radio store on Fulton street, New York clly. If a receiver is very powerful Indeed, and delivery a heavy load to the final tube, the 371 meets the heavy demands necessarily put upon it. In such an instance It Is advisable to use high plate voltage jand suitable negative bias, which la also comparatively high. The great i majority of receivers, however, are not so powerful that the 112 will not handle the volume in a wholly satisfying manner, showing considerable (Improvement Indeed over the tube likely to be replaced In the final audio stage. It Is the quality that Is Improved, rather than the volume Increased, although larger volume sometimes results os a due to the use of higher plate voltage, or, In the ense of the 371, also to the low plate Impedance. Comparative Table. The advantage of using a power tube In the final audio stage Is well Illustrated In the following comparaaudio-frequenc- y ral-'lie- d I n - : I audio-frequenc- y , tive table: tt iu BONNER. AARY GRAHAM Hivviffi copvugxt CX-371- 22.5-vol- : to-th- CX-11- 2 CX-301-- 21)0, at 3.3 volts. The point about power tubes Is thait the set (reduces the volume and the proper power tube Is etiosen to handle that volume without contributing any . distortion. As plate voltages of more than DO volts commonly ure used in conjunction with power tubes, It Is excellent insurance to use a filtered output, consisting either of an output trnnsfoi titer, usually ratio, or a choke coil and condenser combination. Thus the direct current does not ilow through the fine wire of the speaker windings, and these are safeguarded from burnout. It should be noted that the DC resistance of the choke coll or transformer should be low not in excess of 800 oil ms. Voltage Lose Avoided. Also t lie voltage actually' applied to the plate is much higher since the direct current resistance pf the primary of the proper transformer, or choke coll, Is not less than that of the speaker windings. If the resistance of ttie speaker windings Is 1,500 dims and the is operated so as to draw 20 milllamiier.es, -t- hen, the voltage drop or loss in the speaker windings would he 80 volts, nearly equivalent to throwing away an en"B battery! tire The capacity of the condenser In the choke coll hookup should he large, preferably 4 mfd. or more. The choke coil, or primary of the output trims-- , former, should have a low direct current resisumee, e. g., not more tlruTr 800 ohms. '. . CX-37- FROG CANOE RACE Daddy had seen such a funny thing that, day that really he could hardly wait to get home to tell Nick and Nancy about it, The frogs had a canoe race, tie began just as soon as he got Into the childrens room. They did? shouted the children excitedly. Oh, do tell us ull about It, Daddy Well, they made their own canoes, In the first place, out of birch bark. They were very fine looking canoes, for they had painted them as well. An old fisherman had been by their pond for several days painting his boat, and he had left behind him Just enough paint for them to paint their newly-mad- e canoes. They painted them a very pretty shade of red. And then they planned for their races. There were to be ten canoes In the ruee, and each canoe was to have two frogs paddling it. They had made their own paddles, too, but they were all exactly the same length and the same weight, .so tlHt-thrace would be perfectly fair. But when the ten canoes lined up there was scarcely uny room in the pond for their paddles. They clashed with their paddles, and the ends of the canoes frequently banged. Still they managed to get along .somehow, and the frogs who were looking on thought it was the most superior race they had ever seen. They waved flags, they sang songs, and they cheered. "Those in tho race were so excited that they really did not show at all !' e 1 45-vo- 13 This shows no higher plate voltage than 135 volts for the 112 tube, since much higher Is not advisable, and for the same reason the 801 A has the isame mnxlmum plate voltage. Note (the capability of the 112 tn handling strong signals at 135 plate volts. The maximum undistorted power output Is .12 watt, two and a half at the same 'times that of the 301-e plat voltage and grid bias. And that the 112 at 135 plate volts has eight times the maximum undls-torte- d U power output of the 301-DO volts I lienee most receivers, partype, do ticularly of the factory-mad- e not nearly overtax the 112 with signal The opvoltage at 135 plate volts posite condition Is quite possible if the last tube were of very modest power capacity and operated only at !H) plate volts. The 112 will give abundant service, t.nd justifies the extra B" battery (to bring the usual DO volts up to 135 volts), and small extra negative bias. Thus, where a receiver Is equipped with connections for a C battery needed whenever a power tube ts wed it Is a simple mntter to use two C batteries to supply the W negative grid volts and add a TV battery to gain that fetching clarity and richness of reproduction of the 112, even on strong notes from local stations, which otherwise might cause blasting In the loudspeaker. Remember, however, that the prescribed negative bias must be applied, the full signal voltage, otherwise hence quality, will be lacking. Also, suitable negative bias reduces the plate current more than 50 per cent, hence makes B batteries last twice as long. The higher plate voltage Is very friendly toward the reproduction of low notes by the reluctant speaker. The 112 a Versatile Tube. The 112, while essentially a power tube, is not confined In Its use to the final audio stage, for it Is on excellent amplifier and delector. Its superior load capacity makes It a good second detector in a where the power to he handled is quite high. The 371 Is suitable only for the final audio stage of broadcast receivers, and is not to be used as It amplifier or detector. lias an outstanding value in Its recommended position, where there ts .very considerable power to handle, for jpt 180 plate volts, with 40.5 volts negative bias (20 milllamperes plate current drain) the maximum undistorted output of the 371 Is .05 watt. ,The 371. therefore. Is the tube that benrs otherwise excessive burdens, and without straining under them, thus rendering the possibility of distortion even more remote. at 135 volts, drawing The CX-11C milllamperes, has the same maxl-imuundistorted power output as has at DO volts. Rut the grid the CX-37- 1 'biases and plate currents differ. The ut no-dle- 45-vo- lt 4.5-vo- lt 45-vo- lt radio-frequenc- y rner-heterod.vn- radio-frequenc- y Hard Tube Is Held Best; Serves as an Amplifier Since t tie value of a tube as an amplifier depends to a very large degree upon the extent of its vacuum, It is evident that a hard, tube Is superior to a soft one for amplification The terra as applied to a tube means the degree of vacuity. In the fuse of a detector tube, however, It Is possible to use u soft tube, provided ttie set Is sufllelently critical and the operator Is willing to take additional pains to get results.. Few radio owners appreciate, that even when a vacuum tube Is acting as a detector It also acts as an amplifier. Because a lower plate voltage Is applied In the case of a detector, the tubes effectiveness as an amplifier Is (ess than when the higher voltage Is applied, as In eases where It Is not detecting. pur-post'- Lightning Arrester at Fault in Some Cases The lightning arrester muy be at: fault when a set falls to operate. If there Is a fuse In the arrester, make sure that It is not burnt out or open by a series of battery and telephone tests. Dirt In the arrester gap will also short the antenna directly to ground. To determine this, disconnect the antenna wire completely from the arrester for a while and connect it directly Into the set, nnd see how active it becomes electrically. If the set goes dead again when the wire Is connected hack to the arrester, then this unit Is Be sure the arrester Is Imperfect. connected properly. Radio Keeps Watch on Ohio City Water Works A radio transmitter at the water works in Akron, Ohio, automatically reports to the pumping station, 15 miles away, once an hour on the height of water in the reservoir, thus informing the attendant how much water to send through the city mains, relates Popular Mechanics Magazine. A master control clock closes a circuit for 50 seconds each hour, bringing various relays into operation nnd sending current to the transmitter, which sends one of ten different signals to denote a corresponding level In the tank. Phone Cord Breaks Breaks In the plume cord may be determined by pushing the cord together along Its length. A break may show up this way, particularly near the ends. The weakness at the ends is overcome by the use cf the placed on the cord at these point tie-stri- Kitchen utensils of the Greeks and Romans of the Fourth century, B. C., have Just come to light at Canopus, near one of the mouths of the Nile, according to Prof. Ralph Van Deman Magoffin, president of the Archeological Institute of America. Excavation at a temple uear this site has yielded up mementos or offerings left by thousands of pilgrims that make clear many phases of life in antiquity. The collections include many kitchen utensils and a nearly complete set of Greek and Roman weights. Many of them are tokens vowed by soldiers who. hoped for success in war. .Some are sling shots," explained Doctor Magoffin, . while many, are tiny replicas of the soldiers themselves on elephant or horseback. Grain baskets and camels seem to. have been the favorite from' merchants; gifts weights from looms -- re found In considerable numbers. Many of the pieces are unique, and their publication and exhibition will add much more to our growing knowledge of ancient,' times. By AD SCHUSTER CX-11- 2 The 220 Tube Analyzed. There are other power tubes, of course. The three principal Cunnings ham power tubes are the CX-11the , There are and the CX-22many sets employing the tubes' throughout, since the lilamenls of these tubes can he conveniently heated at that voltage from dry cells. The 220 is the power tube t for such sets, and requires a negative hius at 135 plate volts. The 220, under finest conditions, draws 7 mllltainplieres plate current and bus a maximum undistorted output of .11 wait, or about the same as the 112 at Hie same date voltage, and as the 371-aDO date vlots. This is a very respectable showing for the 220, especial!. ns It is most often used In receivers that deliver a modern input grid of the final audio tube. The power tubes draw twice as much filament current as the other tubes In the receiver that operate at the same filament voltage. For In-- , and the CX-37stance, the draw ,5 amperage cuch, at 5 volts, contrasted with the .25 ampere filament drain of the The CX-22- 0 draws .12 ampere, as compared with the .00 ampere drain 'of the CX-- . ' Find Thrown Light on Old Times and Customs After His Own Heart 10-vo- lt They Painted Them.' how well they could paddle, and they had become very good paddlers through the constant practice they had had of late. Just as the two leading canoes were rounding the goal their paddles caught, and the canoes upset, dropping the frogs into the water,- of course. "Then the same thing happened to nil the rest of the boats except the two that had been at the. fall-enall the time. . . You see, the goal was at the end of a little curve which led into the cove, and that was so difficult to get around. The boat next to the very last got around the little cove, but as the two frogs Inside thought that they were the winners they tried to hurry too much, and they also upset. Such laughter as there was among the frogs, for they thought It was a great joke that all the flue canoeists should upset. "But the two In the very last boat took their time, for, of course, there was not left a single boat to get ahead of them. Slowly they paddled around the curve and into the cove. And the ones who had been be-- . hliiiTall through the race finally won!" - d PUZZLES In Where did Noah strike the first niiil the ark? On its head. What Is that you cannot see hut Is always before you? The future. . What Is tt that runs all the time,, yet never gets off Its bed? A river. ' When do' women spend the most time In reflection? When consulting the mirror. Which is the surest way to keep a dog from going mad in August? Kill him In July. Why Is selling of bankrupt goods like preparing a dish of soup? Because It is a liquidation of stock. Why are your nose and chin always at variance? Because words are continually passing, between them. Why are cripples and beggars lar to shepherds nnd fishermen? simiBe- cause they live by hook and by crook. Why are stars the best astronomers? Because) they have studded (studied) the heavens ever since its creation. Used Best English Nurse (to mother in dispensary) Do you use baby talc-o- n your child? Mother (formerly a school teacher) : No, Indeed! We use only the very host English lu talking to him. (Copyright. Adam Laird discovered he been cut to the heart by the perfidy of .Minerva Jones he decided to become a confirmed bachelor. Adam WHEN was wealthy enough to play the part und romantic enough to embellish the role with those' .touches aud graces ' ' which fiction gives it. At forty Adam Laird was known as a woman hater Ida was known also as a handsome man who owned a large home in which he lived a life of ease. The few men who had been Invited to join him at cards or discussion reported his library was as comfortable and handy a place as a man could there were In Tunnerville wish. many" who, in the stress of domestic affairs, yearned more than once for a retreat like that of Adam Laird. It was assumed by these men that Adam was riotously happy. Adam tried to take comfort in his sadness. lie Vvas fond of imagining that Minerva Jones would look upon ttie wreck she had ' made of his life and shed bitter tears.. I am accountable to uo one hut myself," he mused, and therefore I am happier than any But for all ol man in Tunnerville." that, the hours were slow lu passing. The bachelor took to chess as - a companion to his loneliness. With- a rule hook, he studied the nves and on a hoard before him conducted games with an imaginary .opponewt. Then he subscribed to a chess magazine and in time considered lie was an expert.' There was no one in Tunnerville witli whom lie could play. An Idea came to Adam after reading a chess problem in his magazine. It was signed C. Y. Riddle, Minnowville, a name lie had seen attached to many another communication on the subject. Adam wrote Riddle proposing tli'at they carry on a game by mail, lie even offered a silver, cup for the winner. Before the month wfis out the game was on, and it was a game to thrill the soul of the ardent chess fan. Ab-nhad a whole day In which to decide his move. Then lie mailed a postal card to Riddle carrying the decision and waited iintil he received, the card which revealed the manner in which his play was countered. Riddle was a good chess player. Adam consulted his books, studied hours over his board, and played as. if his life and reputation were at stake. It took six months to play that game and Riddle won. Exliusted Adam went for a vacation in the woods. lie would return and have his revenge. . Adam sat before his chess board undecided- as- - to the opening gambit. At last I have put Minerva and women out of my mind. I will live for a higher purpose, I will give my life Before lie went ..to bed he to chess! mailed Ills card to Riddle and the second great game was on its way.. The bachelor was enough of the chess player to realize that C. Y, Riddle was a player after his own heart. As the game progressed there came the desire to meet the nmn, with him over a common table. So Adam wrote, including the words: You are a player after my own heart." And Riddle accepted on condition the other would make the trip. will not I find, wrote Riddle, be able to leave Minnowville. Let me know when you expect to come. The adventure started off in a disconcerting way. When Adam rang the bell at the Minnowville address he. was woman of welcomed by a calm-eye- . Why He Succeeded Honored politically and professionally, during his lifetime, Dr. R. V. Pierce, whose picture appears here, . made a success few have equalled. His pure herbal remedies which have stood the test for many years are among the seller still best s. Pierces D r. Golden DiscovMedical ery is a stomach-alterativwhich 'makes the blood richer. It clears the skin, beautifies it, pimples and eruptions vanish quickly. This Discovery of Dr. Pierces puts you in fine condition. All. dealers have 'it in liquid or tablets. Send 10 cents for trial pkg. of tablets to Dr. Pierce, Buffalo, N. Y., and write for free advice. Analyzing Lindy To' have shown us that we still honor most In life courage, ethics, cleanliness of mind and fineness of body Is the biggest thing that- Lind: bergh has done. The American Magazine. FOUND RELIEF After Long Suffering by Taking Lydia E. Pinkham's Vege-tabi- e Compound In a little town of the middle West, was a discouraged woman. For four monthsshe had been In such poor health V that she could not stoop to put on her own shoes. Unable to do her work,-unablto go out of doors or enjoy a friendly chat with her neighbors, life seemed dark Indeed to Mrs. Daugherty. Then one day, a' booklet was left at her front door. Idly she turned the pages. Soon she was reading with quickened interest The little booklet was filled with letters from women in conditions similar to hers who had found better health by taking Lydia EC Pinkhams Vegetable Compound. I began taking the Vegetable Mrs. Daugherty- writes, and after I took the third bottle, I found relief. I am on my eleventh bottle and I dont have that trouble auy more, and feel like a different woman.' I. recommend the Vegetable Compound to everyone I see who has trouble, like' mine, and you can use these facts as a testimonial. I am willing to answer any letters from women asking about the' Vegetable Compound. Mas. Ed.. Daughebtt, 1308 Orchard Ave., ' Musca' tine, Iowa. . Are you on the Sunlit Road to Bet1 Com-.poun- d, ter Health? ; . HANFORDS . Balsam of Myrrh All dealer are authorized to refund your money for the first bottle if not suited. Boschees Syrup has been relieving epughs due to colds for sixty-on- e years. Soothes the Throat loosens the phlegm, promotes expectoration, gives a good nights rest free-frocoughing. 30c and 90c bottles. Buy it at your drug store. ,G. G.' Green, Inc., Woodbury, N. J. Dont treat soro. Inflamed smarting eyes with power- ful drugs dropped in g I by hand. A soothing . effective, safe remedy Is best 25 cents nil rp "an easy matter to get around any one you can see through. CORNS . For Pipe Sores, Fistula Poll Evil Try Its Kr v f HALgL&KUCKEIi New York City SKIN' BLEACH- ;- Kretnola makes the FREE BOOKLET. skin beautiful for only $1.16. Ask your dealer or write Dr. C. H. Berry Co., Dept. W.2U75 Michigan Ave., Chicago. PARKERS HAIR BALSAM Removes Ends pain at once . In one minute pain from corns is ended. Dr. Scholls Zino-pado this safely by removing the cause pressing and rubbing of shoes. They are thin,'medi--cate- d, antiseptic, healing. At all drug and shoe stores. Cost but a trifle. ds D Scholl's 'Lino-padPut one on s the pain is gonel FOR OVER 200 YEARS 'I haarlem oil has been a world-- , wide remedy for kidney, liver and bladder disorders, rheumatism,, lumbago and uric acid conditions. d thirty. am looking for C. Y. Kiddle, a gentleman with whom I was playing a game of chess. The woman smiled. "I am Carolyn Y. Riddle, she answered, i'and you are Adam Laird? You cannot imagine how I have enjoyed our game! Adam gasped.- His chess route to happiness was blocked by a woman! lie should have guessed It, .he told himself. They were everywhere. But this woman who smiled with so mucli of understanding could play the game ns well, if not better than he. She was and this was his consolation an. extraordinary woman. "1 thought you were a man," he and yet 1 might have apologized, known by the er delicate way you He blushed and handled your rooks. told himself he was talking like an idiot. Suppose," said C. Y. Riddle, we start on that game." Adam, at the chess table, looked at' the waving brown hair brought almost into his face ns the girl leaned over the hoard. He could not fix his mind on knights, bishops, pawns and the rest. It seemed to him somehow that this was what he had been wanting for a long time, a girl to sit opposite him at a table, at chess, breakfas- tany kind of table. Every evening for a week he called to continue the game and all the while he knew he was beaten. It is all up, he said when she checkmated him. IIp looked at her and thought he road his future In the gaze she returned. and he heard himself "I think 1 speaking as if from a distance think that if you were to marry me and come to Tnnnerville we could have some tine games of chess. 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Deseret Book Co. 44 East So. Temple, Salt Lake City, Utah W. N. U., Not So Good Harry Is your sister in, Jimmy? Jimmy I think so. I heard her say she wasnt expecting you. A PAYING BUS! . Salt Lake City, No. The Main Question The Boy Do you think we "could live oii two thousand a year? The Girl P'r'aps; but who Is going to give it to us? A collection of phonograph .records of languages spoken by all the race of the world Is being made at the Sorbonne, in Paris. vVi; Rememberhatf W woodsy breikfastj)j last summer? Bring tack your memory of a crackling fire, of eager, outdoor appetites, of delicious hot cakes. Flapjack flavor will revive that picture on yorr breakfast table today. Ask foi "Flapjack. Albers Flapjack Fleur Albers stands for Better Breakfast ' |