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Show Keping P ' " Up UpWtWC WtW\C WtW C \ len e eer er erScionco Q , ' ) Science Sclenco Scionco SorvicoWNU Service Sorvlce Sorvico -WNU WNU - VVNU WNU Sorvic Sorvlco Sorvico SorvicoTwenty * Twenty rventy , Billion Years YearsIs YearsIs Is Age of Universe UniverseScientist , Scientist DeclaresHarvard Declares DeclaresHarvard Harvard Findings Differ DifferWith DifferVitli DifferWith With \Vitli Vitli \ British Esl EstimateCAMBRIDGE Estimate EstimateCAMBRIDGE 1nalc CAMBRIDGE , lIASSThe MASSThe \ MASS l\IASS l IASS -The The - Theul1lverse Theuniverse Theuniverse ul1lverse universe is not so old after all allFhtly allFhtly allFlitly Fhtly contra contradicting lctlllg Sir James JamesJ Jamescans Jamescans JamesJeans'figure JamesJeansfigure J cans ' figure of ten million tllnes times timesa tllnesa a million 111llhon niillion years for the age of ofthe ofthe ofthe the universe Ul11verse , Dr Bart J . , Bokof Bok of ofthe ofthe ofthe the Harvardcollege Harvard college observa observa- observatory observatory observatory - - tory has found that number approx approxlmately approxImately approsImately lmately Imately 11\ 11 five 11e fise \ e hundred times too toohigh toohigh toohigh high T\\ T Twenty Tenty Teaty \ \ enty billion bears years ears Is the upper upperlimit upperlimit upperlimit limit of the age of the unh universe un1erse erse , as asIe asiesed asviewed , Ie\\ Ie Ieed iesed \ ed by Doctor Bok Dol . Jeans ' long longtime longtime longtime time scale do.s dos do"s do . " s not fit with the thecl theevidence theevidence c\l c l evidence \ ence of star clusters , with the thehno theknon theknown hno\\ hno hnon knon \ n facts of the rotation of the theMllk theM1lk theMllkv Mllk M1lk M1lkVay \ Way \Vay Vay system orit11 or with \\it11 it11 cIth ' \ the ex e- e e- e eIstlng eIsting existing " { ' - - isting Istlng theories of the creation of ofthe ofthe ofthe the splnl splr'1.1 splr1.1 splr11 spirtl ' . nebulae Nor does docs It ex- ex cx- cx explain cxplain ex explain - plain the tile existence elstence e'isteace eisteace " , ' in the same star starcluster starcluster starcluster cluster of ' ; oung " red giant stars starsnnd starsand starsand nnd and of " "old old " " d\\ar d ar dwarf thiarf \ ! stars starslhe 4 * 4ilie ' lhe 'lhe ilie giants with "Ith Ith " their tremen tremendons tremendons tremendons dons energy output can hardly hardiy have havee havee'isted haveexisted e e'isted eisted ' isted for much longer than 10 10,000000 10000000 , 000 000000 000 yeais yems , unless we wish tomake to tomal.e tomake mal.e male make . the as vet et unfounded hypothe hypothesls hypothesis hypothesis sls sis thit th1t tint the energy radlited radl'lted radllted radhted ' aw'lY awlY aviy aw'lYIs aviyis avviyIs ' Is being replenished In some un unI.no unknoisa unknown I.no\\ I.no I.non knoisa . \ n fashion from surroundln surrounding surroundingspace surroundingspace . ; space , " Doctor Eok Bo1 Bok . saidA said saidA A Stellar Catastrophe'We Catastrophe We 'We ' found It unlikely unHl.ely unHlely . , " he lie con concluded coneluded coneluded cluded eluded , " "that that " the obser observed obsered . ed clusters clustersh clustersh're clustershive h\\ h he h're hre ' ' \ e existed elste crlsteil " { for more thin th\.n th.n th .n n th'tn thtn ' \ . ' t twenty twentybillion twentybillion " enty entybillion billion years as groups of staisLcmalties stms stats stmsLcmaltl statsLemalties Lcmaltl Lemalties e : . , theory of the e ep'tnding eptnding ep'tndingunIerse expmdinguniverse p'lndlng plndlng p'lndlngunh ' ' unh unIerse erse Indicates that a n catastro catastrophe catastrophe catastrophe phe took place a few billion ye'lrs yelrs ye-irs ye irs ye'lrsago yeirsago yeirsago - ' ago , and It is tempting to place the theorIgins theorigins theorigins orIgins of the stars stnrs and stellar ss sstems s s sterns sterns terns tems at the epoch of this Uus catas catastrophe catastroplie catastroplie " " trophe troplie Hundreds of star stnr clusteis clnstels , includ Inelud includIng Ineluding Including Ing the { well fell I.no\\ I.no . known I.non knosn \ \ n Pleiades Plemde'3 Plemde3 Pleindes ' , ll- ll llades 13 II 13ades - -ades ades - ades and Taurub 'l'auru lauru Taurus ' ' : . , would iould \ ould now beon be beon beon on t the e \ verge serge erg-e erg e - of disintegrating dlsmtegrating all at atonce atonce atonce once , torn apart by the gr'l\ltn gr'l grl ltn gr'titating grtitating gr'titatingforces gnvitatingforces ' ' \ 1ng 1ngforces forces of the Milky Mlll.y Mllly . Way , If It the3 the3had the thehad had been in existence e\lstence e lstence e'istenee eistenee " \ : ' as long as asJeans asJeans Jeans behe\ behe bclie believes behees \ es , Doctor Bok has hasfound hasfound hasfound hasfoundHow found foundHow How Age Is Figureda FiguredIn Figured 'In In a ' In the course of their develop develop- development developmeat development - ment meat these clusters must ha'e\\an ha'e hae an haewan ha'eandered haewandered have ' \ wandered dered through widely vtidely \ Idey ] different paitsof pal paits paitsof ts tsof of our galaxy gnlaxy , but In spite of this this.under thisunder . , under Jeans ' long time scale we we"ould wevould wewould "ould ould vould " find them ready to dlsmte disinte dlsmtegrate disintegrate disintegrate grate , cosmically cO'3mlcally cO3mlcally ' speaking speab.lng speablng . , slmul simul slmultaneouslv simultaneously simultaneouslv taneouslv taneously , " he said * ' In other s " word&It wordIt ord ords ordsIf & if we " were "ere ere to take tab.e tabe . our obsen obserations observationsat obserationsat atlons atlonsat at a futuie futme futute epoch removed from thp thppre thpresent th thpresent pre present ent b3 b ; only half a per cent of ofthe ofthe ofthe the t total tal supposed age of our gal'l gall gal't galt gali\no gali no ' ' \ ' ; , no sign sln . ; , of them would be left left'It 'It It ' It seems absurd to ' ibsume 'l.sume l.sume lsume qssunie : . that thatse thatseet'il thatscvcnl se\ se seel seet'il seetil \ el 11 ' ' hundred hundn.d hundnd hundrLd . clusteis clustms , all of ofwhIch ofwhich ofwhich whIch 1'l 1l mu ! hid ' pi ecun1'1bly ecun11bly piecunribly pic ; umibly ' conSlller'lble conSlllerlble considerible conSlller'lbleUlnss consideriblemass considcnblemass ' Ulnss mass ' ' ind 'lnrl lnrl 111(1 1111 111(1iii ( .It It iii . ilmsi\ ilmsi ilmsiit 1It ri'it riit " ' ! ( \ , ' it 1t 'it the time of oftheir oftheir oftheir their hill in hnlli hnlliuuld ) LII " \ \\uuld uuld \ \ uultl uuid be obsen obseived obseied ed Sl si SlmuJtaneousl simultaneousl simultaneousli muJtaneousl multaneousl on the , veige ieige elge of dlsln disin dlslntegultlon disintegiation disintcgiatlon tegultlon tegiation In a g'lla glla gilaxy g'tln'y gtlny ' ' ' : ' Y for " which hl'h hlh ( ' thp thpconditions th thconditions thpconditions conditions that determine determme the rate rateof rateof rateof of disintegration dblntegratlOn \ will 11J be apt to toviryfrom viny vinyfrom \ 'lry lry 'lryfrom ' from point to point powt pOiit ) " |