Show EVOLUTION OF A mET CITY HOW THE CAPITAi OF TIlE GERMAN KMIIIIE HAS GROWX TO IMPERIAL IMPER-IAL 1IIOTOKTION3 POSITION Berlin In 1S77 was a city much nagnlllceiicelut It was lu tho Iran ltlun > unto due to Its recent ccsump tlouoriinrlal honory with many defects maulfnt to the loiter in the fhajH of wretched pavement ol rcbbleeUmc > a Lad drainage fysttm nccompanltd by a high death nte Inconvenient mllllOOs of IlXal trau ol5 and other remInders of the more provincial days before the great empire em-pire sprang into eilsiLucr Berlin it today ouo of the most splendid capitals of Europe hardly surpassed even by ParIs In grandeur and with Its iOiLitlon ol a million aud 1 half J the tecoud city of tlie continent con-tinent In alz and the tint In Industrial Indust-rial rank I Is growing with the pace I of Chicago and every year lie holds enormous areas of the surrounding sur-rounding sand plains oYr dome Iy with the new licusta of the ex lnJin2clty Here In tho sandbox sand-box of Germany amid tliu barren plains of the old Irk Brandenburg tliu cradlo of the Hobenzollern might tliu tireless energy and per i science of tho Prussians have bull nptlieclilef city of Uio most powerful power-ful Empire of Europe Theprlndjastreets of Berlin are nearly all juved wills asphalt and they are ouch marvels if clranlmtta and emoothurhs that one feel the hamo respect for them a for a nice drawing room and scruples to Jitter them even with a rrrap of paper Tim mot frequented ones are literally liter-ally ashed and scrubbed every nlgbl alter being wet down a few men ur toy H proceed along the road puiblng before them pieces of board set diagonally on a pole with a strip of rubber on Its lower side Thomud Is thus transferred from the course of one man tu another and finally Icftlntbegulterwhencc I Ii I removed Tho consequent fr dom of the city from dust J very marked The smoothnra of the pavement aBort Immeu relief in diminishing lie confusing nole and jar of Ute streets Walking ely In the morning at a hotel In the centre of tho business section one lnIU no rattlIng of wagon only the clatterof the horses hoofs MI that it wrote cs if cavalry legS nieiitb wire continually passing The Knoolli fctrttrt have also mlle cj ding very popular and trIcycles are eiteuilvely uted for business purKiM8 The broad sidewalks laid with flagging In the centre and between that aud thu kerb slon alto oved with fcmall mosalcllkt ttouui that form a unrolls surface and arc easily rtmoved and replaced re-placed lEeueath this c < aco arts laid the ga pipes telegraph and electric light win pneumatic l tuliw t oothatlnlaylng or repairing tliesu tht street javiment In I notditurbed The uins of tho car lights aa well a of the lncantlescentall are carrIed underground atid lu Berlin there are not to bo been thcunslghtly poles that so dUflguru the tlreeta in Box lean cities Only telephone wire are carried overhead running o ° er the roofrof lie buildings and tlttee are now being put underground in cable as far a possible In cons cjuencu of lie admirable methot pursued Slier L no Intrrferecce of one electric tykteii with mother Chat foe of the tekpliouL Mfvlrv in iluctlon from other wires Is kept nt bay In Berlin tho wires hnvo been carried underground from the lr and no dldiculty hns loom cxper lenced Instead adding De cxier IimM to the streets the arclights 01 Berlin arc things of beauty an a lltic tinUIIkhment to the city Unter den London ii probably the mOl brilliantly and beautifully I lumlnated itrcct In lie world Along each ride nnd down tho con Ire the arollghts are set even more closely together than ordinary g lamps aud the effect at night is that of great strings of white gleaming pearL The nl po ts consist of graceful iron wmlanl with tasteful orna I mentation and curving over at the i top Here the globe Is suspended i Incloced in a coarse networks hat Inc it breaks the pieces of gb I may ut I on passer Prom Sits globe there hangs a light chain wiLls a ring In the cad and there I art counterbalancing weights aside tile I poft h to that lie Tamp Is quickly and easily attended t to by pulling II down with a light blink with a hook in lie enda great Improvement Improve-ment In tho economy of time nUll trouble over our clumsy methods of either climbing tbo putt or lowering the light 1 an unwieldy and ugly crane TJm incandescent light la very extensively ex-tensively used I llluinlnatm all the firstclass theatres halls hotels tntla tbet hall hotel and many ttores anti private house Tho telephone service 1 adml mUle as I testified hy l tho public appreciation there being over 10 W instruments in use In Berlin There are no nrlvato telephone r companies le I Germany Ito telephone tele-phone like the telegraph being I jranth of tho postal service Ihu price for telephone service Is low the annual chare foraniustrumenl being ono hundred and twenty marks or something lows than thlr y dollar The longdUtanco ser vice between Ute principal cities of he empire U being rapidly introduced intro-duced A telegram being received for a poIson who has a telephone hat h-at once delivered orally from the central office and tho written mes sagu then forwarded by ito local pt Likewise a telegram is transmitted trans-mitted by the sender to the telegraph tele-graph olllco by telephone The tee phones In use are manufactured by Siemens c llabke the grunt electrl clans and are said to b a great Improvement upon tho Bell patent upon which Icy are based The trfficlcncy of lie Germin poslaNserrlce wIt lu branches of telegraph tclehone pneumatic ube and parcel pot I sufficient reply t the assertions Ollt the convenience con-venience of the public cannot b no well met as by private corporations corpora-tions having control of the various men of Intercourse ostniastr General Stefan Is alwavs on the lookout for opportunities for Im irovcment and is quick to seize upon any new means afforded by modern inventions for Increasing he efficiency of the tervlce The imperial Post Museum in Berlin Is I a mot Interesting place t visit Ilerecan be seen models of lie Sot rious devices used in the service as well dla valuable historical collection Illustrating postal intercourse inter-course from the earliest tIme Pos tl administration li regarded in Germany a practical science in itself and no means are neglected o iromote the Interest of members 01 tl service In its study The pneumatic tube service of the Berlin postofflce for Ute quick de livery of letter etc Is a great 1m irovement upon our special delivery ystein upn pneumatic lIne null ale out over the city from a central alton connecting various local stations at frequent intervalsio that a message I delivered In almost any part of tho jrest city within bait an hour The postage for the meumatlc service Is 15 pfenulge or tt j cents Telegrams a very ex enslvely tent and delivered by means of the pneumatic service Now contrast the efficiency of the German postofflce with Its widely comprehensive functions with Itt r condition of thing c the United Slates where indeed the poetofllcc Itself pure and rlmpie is reasonably efficient considering the illpfchod and barbarous civilservice ant btbaru cvU nlc system but where the public I at the mercy of two great and greedy monopolies for the telegraph and telephone tervlce which have become 1 essentially a part of public Intercourse Inter-course aa Cliecarrylngof the mail and are Just a properly legltlm ate function of the government a Germany wifely recognize A like increased efficiency of service has followed the resumption of the call of the railways by the l Irusilin government A prominent prom-inent business man of Berlin told me that ho had originally been blrongly opposed to government govern-ment ownership uf the railway jut ho now saw that I D the Ust thing that could have happened The public convenience had ben vastly Increased by better and more frequent train servIce cheaper rates ana tho avoidance ef the ruinous competition or private corporation while every diminution ol the evils of stock gambling tacit as was occasioned casioned by the wIthdrawal of the railway lenient from the market was a direct benefit to legitimate l > u Iness and the public at large In the great cities lie stations are mostly on a grand stale and of beautiful architectural designs expressing ex-pressing thee character of the build lug In England undtr private control the railway statIons are almost al-most universally mere ebedx differing differ-ing only In magnitude with hardly a rudiment of artistIc design and little attention laId to tbo comfort of passengers while their sIdes are B plastered with advertising that Ifterl 1ll adnrlslng tlat w hen a tram HOp a wayztation It L with great difficulty that a stranger can detect Urn uanioof the place The Stadtbahn or city railway In Berlin I a great convenience I Is an elevating railway tnnrrsing the city from east to weal and connect I lug with the IlihKoahn or belt railway rail-way that surrounds the city Both belong to lie PrufcfcUu government and are of great military value enabling en-abling this raving of two or time days In the mobilization of troojn and their rapid transportation thru h the city In cane of need Thu Stadtlahu is built upon ub ntantlal bricK arches throughout IU length and Instead of occupying the streets at theexi ju o of theabuttcr as In Xew York tho rIght of way was purchased for It and the bullu logs were demolished t make room for It Thu stations are elaborate and handsomealTiIr with arching roofs There are four track two fur local and two for through traffic and all express train from distant cities are brought Into one grand central tuition at lie Frlederlch strauc In lie heart of the city The hackman nulxance cotnnu n to our railway terminals U obviated by having au official stationed at Ito exits from lie station from whom IKttscngers receIve a cjieck for a oal 1 llndlng the corresponding number walling on tho street The railway aloe provides porters to take out and Lrlng In the baggage receiving a moderate aud stated fe for their service The street railway ryttcm L e cellent I Is all In the hands of ono great company In Mexico and thu cant thrtatt the struts in every dlnxtlon gliding smoothly and rapidly ovir the rails grooved lu the cent re aud jointed diigonally otdllg uo obstacle t tho traffic of wagons aud carriages The cirn only stop at stated point Indicated by a little olgn I at the edge I of the sIdewalk Tlie movement of cars Ii thus mateilally accelerated and ro accuitomeil ii tile uullc to tub arrattgenient that even ladles who wihtogctollat a pInt where the car does not stop often skip lightly olTwhllu It is In motion There K nLo an omullus company doing a large buslius Many of Its vehl Ie cle are very similar to stnet car In construction tilth lang platforms liehlnd ami with wheeN hardly larger than those of the cars They niovo noire smoothly over the asphalt as-phalt Mexican mancfer |