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Show y; " vHKK1?' V?, y , ill ' VVV , O 1 American troops in France unloading machine guns, which they lire now manning In the first line trenches ; the mules are used to haul the guns to the front. 2 Cel. Dan T. Moore of the field artillery who, when an aide to President Roosevelt, blinded the colonel In one eye in a boxing match. 3 Count George von Hert-ling, Hert-ling, Bavarian premier, who has been appointed German imperial chancellor. 4 Night photograph of an AustraP Ian siege battery In operation. NEWS REVIEW OF THE PAST WEEK Italian Armies Drawn up Behind Tagliamento River to Fight Teutonic Invaders. ALLIES RUSH TO THE RESCUE Cadorna's Losses Severe But United Nation Supports Him Germans Lose More Ground in Flanders American War Taxes Become Effective More Luxburg Plot-i Plot-i ting Exposed. By EDWARD W. PICKARD. The great Austro-German drive Into northeastern Italy, and the magnificent magnifi-cent resistance to the invasion organized organ-ized by General Cadorna backed by a united and thoroughly aroused country coun-try held the center of the war stage last week. For strategic reasons, the Italian general staff would not permit per-mit publication of full details of the operations, but this much is known : The northern Italian army, the weakest weak-est of all, was broken by a furious surprise attack while feint attacks were being made further south ; the First army, and in turn the Third, being be-ing outflanked, were compelled to fall back across the Isonzo and into the Friuli plains. The Third army, under un-der the command of the duke of Aosta, retreated in orderly fashion and saved all its guns and material, but the others oth-ers lost about 180,000 men and 1,500 guns, and immense quantities of stores were destroyed to keep them from falling into the enemy's hands. Generally speaking, -the retreat was conducted in a masterful way and the armies fell back to the Tagliamento rivef, while the rear guards delayed the pursuing Teutons and the cavalry harassed them. Meanwhile the Germans Ger-mans were trying hard to break through the Carnic Alps in order to turn the left flank of the Tagliamento line, but the troops in the passes at last accounts were holding them fairly well. In case they should give way, Count Cadorna had a second line of defense ready along the Piave river. The first impetuous and almost unimpeded un-impeded rush of the Austro-German forces had died down by Thursday, when the center of their line had advanced ad-vanced to within four miles of the Tagliamento northwest of Udine. By that time they were in contact with the Italians at many points and were meeting with stubborn resistance, which was giving Cadorna opportunity to consolidate his defenses and to restore re-store complete order and discipline. Some large units of the Italian army made a stand on the left bank of the Tagliamento, but the Teutons penetrated pene-trated their line, captured the bridge head positions at Codroipo and Dig-nano, Dig-nano, and took 60,000 more prisoners. The two main forces then faced each other on opposite sides of the river. Italy United, Allies Helping. If Germany hoped by this Invasion to weaken Italy's war spirit and to cause internal dissension, it was badly fooled, for the opposite has come about. All factions sprang Instantly to the support of the government, all reserves were called to the colors Immediately, Im-mediately, hundreds of convalescent officers pleaded to be sent back to their commands, and from all parts of the kingdom supplies, munitions and men were rushed to the front, every ev-ery means of transportation being utilized solely by the military authorities. author-ities. Perhaps most important of all, in the long run, was the effect on the allies al-lies of Italy. Great ' Britain and France at once began hurrying re-enforcements men and guns into Italy, and America, without a moment's hesitation, hes-itation, cast aside all export restrictions restric-tions in favor of the invaded country, and permitted her to take whatever materials she wanted. We also arranged ar-ranged to give Italy a large amount of shipping to assist her own merchant marine In taking over the needed supplies, sup-plies, and extended lo her a new credit i.f sr'.o.Ooo.Oon. It is said Italy had long been asking for munitions from the allies, though thid is denied by the London press. However, the military leaders of the entente are now awake to the importance of the Italian front, and there are indications that they will concentrate much of their efforts there during the winter, when operations opera-tions in Flanders must necessarily be halted. This will be " in accordance with the advice of an Italian general given many months ago and hitherto ignored. The question of a joint allied war council to direct operations on all fronts is made more Imperative by the Italian affair and may be settled at the coming conference In Paris. Everyone Ev-eryone admits that lack of team work has been responsible for most of the reverses the allies have suffered. It is expected that Germany will now make a new suggestion of peace, as she has done after each of her successful suc-cessful drives, and also It is expected that the allies will reject it with scorn, as In the past. In Russia the pence agitation is dying down because of the German operations in the Gulf of Ria and the peril of the Gulf of Finland ports and of Petrograd. The crisis there served to strengthen the hands of the Ker-ensky Ker-ensky government, and even the extreme ex-treme Socialists and other radical factions fac-tions are urging the army to resist further German advances. There was little fighting on the Russian front lust week, and the German fleet apparently had abandoned or postponed its plans to enter the Gulf of Finland. Good Gains in Flanders. t Attention must not be wholly diverted di-verted from the western front by the invasion of Italy. There was desperate desper-ate fighting in Flanders, In the course of which the French and British, with the efficient aid of the Belgian troops, made some very Important gains. In the swamps south of Dixmude the French and Belgians took Merckem peninsula and the village of Luyghem. A little farther south the British kept up their attacks on the part of the Passchendaele ridge still held by the Germans, and the Canadians led in an offensive which carried them almost into tho town Itself. Further progress on this Hire will probably result in the capture of Roulers, an important rail center only six miles northeast of the ridge and already dominated by the British guns. Along the Aisne and in the Verdun region the French successfully withstood with-stood all the attacks of the crown prince and inflicted heavy losses on him. The allied aviators were especially busy during the week, dropping many tons of explosives on munition factories, facto-ries, depots, railway stations, aer-dromes aer-dromes and all other military objectives objec-tives within their reach. They do not seem yet to have started on a campaign cam-paign of retaliatory raids on German towns, but that may come quickly, since Germany on Wednesday night sent some thirty airplanes in seven groups across the water to bomb London Lon-don and other parts of England. Also the German aviators made a few more raids on Nancy. In Africa and Mesopotamia the British Brit-ish made considerable progress Inst week, and they also announced the capture of Beersheba In Palestine. Count George von Hertling, prime minister of Bavaria, has been appointed ap-pointed German chancellor, but seems to have well grounded fears that he cannot control a majority of the reich-stag. reich-stag. He is fully acceptable only to the Catholic center group. Helfferich resigned as vice chancellor and was succeeded by Friedrich von Payer, a progressive. Another U. S. Transport Torpedoed. On Thursday the navy department announced that another American transport, the Finland, had been struck by a torpedo when homeward bound. No one aboard was injured and the vessel was so little hurt that she returned to port under her own power. The sinking of the Antilles brought about nn announcement from Secretary Secre-tary Daniels that hereafter naval crews will man all transports carrying carry-ing American soldiers to France. The report of the British admiralty showed a marked falling off In the number of submarine victims for the week. ( Sir Eric Geddes, first lord of the admiralty, gave parliament some Interesting In-teresting facts concerning the submarine subma-rine campaign, stating that between 10 and 50 per cent of the German TT-hoats TT-hoats operating in the North sea. the Atlantic and the Arctic have been sunk, and that the German claims as to tonnage sunk by submarines are grossly exaggerated. In the course of his address he said he could see no signs of an early peace, No news of importance came from the sector where General Pershing's men are on the front line. The firs! member of the expedition to be wound ed in the trenches was a lieutenant of the signal corps. His injuries were not serious. American War Taxes in Effect. November 1 brought to the American Ameri-can people a sharper realization of the financial burdens of the war, for on that day the following war taxes became be-came effective : On admissions to all places of amusement except religious and charitable chari-table entertainments and shows whose maximum charge is 5 cents and outdoor out-door shows in amusement parks charging charg-ing 10 cents or less, 1 cent for each 10 cents or fraction thereof. Children under un-der twelve charged flat tax of 1 cent. On dues of all clubs with dues of $12 per year or more, except fraternal orders on the lodge system, 10 per cent of amount of dues. On all freight, 3 per cent. One cent for every 20 cents or fraction frac-tion thereof for express packages. Railroad and boat fares, except sen-son sen-son and commutation tickets for 80 miles or less or individual fares of 35 cents or less, 8 per cent of amount. On seats, berths and staterooms on cars or boats, 10 per cent. On oil delivered by pipe line, 5 per cent of charge. On telephone, telegraph or radio message costing 15 cents or more, 5 cents per message. On all the insurance, 8 cents for each $100 of new insurance, except industrial in-dustrial insurance for $500 or less, which bears 40 per cent of the first weekly premium. For each dollar or fraction thereof of fire, marine, inland or casualty insurance, 1 cent. On cigars, 25 cents to $7 per thousand thou-sand ; on cigarettes, 80 cents to $1.20 per thousand ; on tobacco and snuff, 5 cents per pound ; on cigarette papers, one-half to 1 cent per hundred. The Increased postal rates went into effect on November 2. Food Prices Under Control. On the other hand, Thursday was welcomed by the consumer, for then it was that the licensing of wholesale grocers and other food producers went Into effect. This Is supposed to bring about a considerable reduction in the prices of the nation's food, for Mr. Hoover and his aids fix the wholesale prices, and then control the retailers by not permitting wholesalers to sell to those who seek to obtain extortionate extortion-ate prices from the consumers. The whole thing is very complicated and will require several weeks to get into smooth running order, but it promises to be effective. All citizens are requested re-quested to report any instances of "profiteering," and these will be attended at-tended to promptly. The licensing system was applied also to the live stock and packing Industries, In-dustries, the government thus assuming assum-ing control of the nation's meat business busi-ness with the intention of reducing prices and conserving supplies. The nation has entered heartily Into the spirit of meatless and wheatless days, only pro-Germans and the almost equally culpable selfish ones refusing to deny themselves to that extent for the benefit of the common cause of civilization. civ-ilization. Another good step taken by Mr. Hoover was the closing of the Elgin board of trade, which for half a century cen-tury has been arbitrarily fixing butter prices for the country. Another Luxburg Expose. Secretary Lnnsing last week published pub-lished two additional telegrams sent by Count Luxburg to the German foreign for-eign office, revealing plainly Germany's Ger-many's nims to overthrow the Monroe doctrine and obtain a foothold In South America, especially South Brazil, Bra-zil, as the first step in subjugating the entire continent. Luxburg alluded to the people of South America as "Indians "Indi-ans under a thin veneer." Both Argentina Argen-tina and Chile may now be forced to declare their attitude. The federal trade commission has issued is-sued regulations under which enemy-owned enemy-owned patents and copyrights will he licensed for manufacture by citizens . of the United States. The order af-: af-: fects some 20,000 articles, including salvarsanj and other drugs. d' csi'i'T formulas and important mechanical devices. |