' Ole a flo ) alit emo Behind the Scene of Current News xbuitt---- 1 - Established April 15 1871 leaned every moraine by Salt Lake Tribune PublianIne 10 SaltLake City Utah Friday Company Traitor's Trust Seems Somewhat Justified A It 'Bee the president has intervened to grant a commutation of the sentence of Idax Stephan - restauthe German-bor- n rateur of Detroit who gave an arine4 alien enemy aid and comfort as wellas money enabling him to escape the custody of allied troops '"Treason against the United States" Ls defined in section 3 article 3 of the fundamental lawconsists in adhering to enemies of this nation or giving them aid and comfort One of the !principal witnesses for the prosecution in the present case was Lieutenant Hans Peter Krug the ungrateful beneficiary of Stephans treachery who was subsequently captured in Texas and returned to prison Found guilty in a federal court on the 12th of July 1942 Stephan was sentenced to be executed November 13 1942 Unmoved the prisoner boasted that the war would be over by that date and that Hitler would not permit him to be hanged As a matter of fact he did manage by means of leniency in our laws and code of procedure tohave the execution postponed until finally the supreme court refused to listen to further appeals and the hanging was scheduled for this morning Did Hitler's hypnoticInfluence tily Stephan's faith? It has been almost a century and a half since such a conviction was 'recorded In a federal tribunal In 1794 two men were found guilty of treason in connection with the "whisky rebellion" As this was a local uprising against the imposition of an excise tax and as no alien entanglement was evident President Washington pardoned the prisoners John Brown a zealous abolitionist who raided the federal arsenal: at Harpers Ferry on the 19th of October 1859 was captured two days later but was tried in a state court and hanged by a Virginia sheriff i Four years prior to his execution he had been accused of leading a mob that slaughtered several of his political opponents in Kansas The crime will be recalled as the "Pottawatomie so-call- ed Massacre" ' ' In the present instance no mitigating circumstances nor jurisdictional issues have influenced the decision or Bentence As Judge Arthur J Tuttle said in imposing the sentence: "The life of this traitor Max Stephan is less valuable than the lives of our loyal sons which are being given to the cause of the 'United States" Judge Tuttle said further: "This court does not hesitate to take the life of one traitor if it in turn will help the just cause of thr United States This court in no hesi tating or uncertain way would remind the disloyal element that during this awful war the penalty for treason is death" In opposing life imprisonment as a substitute for the extreme penalty in cases of this character the judge said: "Disloyal citizens know even better than the court daes that a prisoner sentenced to life is eligible to pardon after 15 years and also after the war such prisoners often re paroled or their sentences commuted Max Stephan's entire interest was to aid Germany's cause by helping Krug to return to Germany so that he might continue his career of inflicting death and destruction upon our allies" Had Stephan retained his German allegiance and never become an American citizen he could not have been convicted of treason But alien enemies of this government had been drifting across the oceans for years with evil intentions and treacherous missions to perform they perjured themselves to obtain citizenship by which to betray their fellow men they even believe that Hitler will protect them from the punishment they incur All such should take heed that treason in a time of international warfare is doubly damnable and should never be treated with leniency by any court or pardoning '?o'er Keeping the Peace After the Victory Is Won It sounds rather paradoxical to list among the objectives in the peace we confidently expect to follow victory measures for preparing against a new war basis but there is a sound common-sens- e for such appeals Peace after this war will be purchased at the price of eternal vigilance while machinery to enforce justice without bloodshed must necessarily take on the aspect of a war machine Spiritually and morally we must build for a world without war Physically and mechanically we must maintain implements of force It is a paradox us to this a cruel paradox which-leadin the no choice we have conclusion but matter until human nature—all over the world and in every country—becomes so s modified that conflicts between peoples will be unthinkable Disarming one nation or a group of nations as an immediate measure is nec- essary Germany Japan and Italy have proved themselves criminally irresponsible whe'n they are permitted to assemble armies planes :nd guns They have forfeited the right to carry lethal weapons in today's world and unless they change greatly in the world of tomorrow But what about the other nations— the peaceful countries ? The United States Great Britain and Russia probably will emerge from the present conflict battered but stronger than any other group of nations in the world It appears unless things change greatly in the next several decades that these countries will be obliged to assume the job of policing the world whether they like it or not As Walter Lippmann points out in his new book no nation has any business with commitments without the military might to enforce them The'cammitments of these three nations if they remain sincere in the desire to keep peace in the world will be great Moral and territorial obligations will make it essential for this triumvirate to maintain fairly armies navies and large and air forces It is perhaps 'fortunate that the of the three nations are widely divergent in one sense and parallel in another Not one of them has anything that the others want badly enough to bring on a war Runsia is perhaps closest to Britain on the other hand is completely dependent on trade and untrammeled lines to the rest of the world The United States lies somewhere in between having many natural resources but a distinct need for industrial and agricultural exchanges with other countries Does this mean that America Britain and Russia must rule the world in the era following this war? If so it is going to be a gigantic job and will require the greatest unity and understanding among them A good start has been made as they fight a common foe but much remains to be done to cement the bonds of friendship trust and tolerance so-call- ed up-to-da- - te self-sufficien- cy - War Interest Swings To South Pacific Region As the spotlight of war switches to the south Pacific area again and as news comes in of initial gains by American and Australian fighting forces the public here at home must attempt to keep the proper perspective in viewing battle reports Our leader In the south Pacific General MacArthur is still conducting a "holding" operation against the Japs He is playing a necessary game but he is not launching reckless attacks on the enemy d It is still an war in the Pacific and almost all the expertdhave agreed that this will not defeat Japan in the long run It is not intended as a major threat against Tokyo but a move in the skillful game being played by the allies while the main show proceeds in Europe where victory over Hitler must come before a real assault can be launched against the heart of Japan We can be quite sure that General MacArthur will not undertake campaigns In his war zone without excellent chances of making his objective He is not going towaste lives of his men in spectacular sorties Each step taken "down under" at this time is aimed at strengthening our bulwarks Against further aggression and at the same time providing solid foundations for later operations which will result—we trust and hope—in the ultimate and complete defeat of our Asiatic enemyk island-to-islan- -- New York Highlights By Charles B Driscoll KANSAS CITY Mo—Thinking out loud: Men come to the end of their journeys in such varying moods and attitudes! It depends to some extent of course upon what a man has to live for This brother of mine a big powerful man sits propped up In a hospital bed breathing pure oxygen patiently awaiting the end without a sign of dissatisfaction or a word of complaint He is obviously not afraid of death as he never was afraid of life He has gone through an uncomfortable winter with asthma sleeping little losing weight He has had little interest in life since his wife went Orb before him a year ago Beside him attending to his comfort are the two faithful sisters from Wichita The Missouri river in flood is a fearful sight' As our train from St Louis sped along the bank we saw hundreds of homes that had been deseited and flooded A lonely sight is a house that has housed a family with swirling yellow water rushing through its rooms It brings memories of the floods we used to have along the Arkansas river when I was a boy on a bottom farm After the river broke its banks the water would sometimes n cattle rise so far that the and horses would come swimming up the lane against the current seeking the refuge of higtfer ground terror-stricke- 1‘' Until the world comes to our principles I do not believe our people would want one world It would have to be our world How then do we seek eternal peace on a basis of democracy and Christianity ? What kind of a formula can we get? I think we should seek the simplest possible formula not an intricate contrivance based on deals to be made by the world politicians swapping territory and policies here and there in a world conference If we could put our world of the future on the same basis in which the people live together in a community then we may have simplicity and sincerity as the foundation of our undertaking—not some jumble of compromised principles arrived at by haggling between Stalin Churchill Roosevelt and Chiang k trying to outwit each other in some new conference Lay Down Basis I think we should lay down the basis upon which we propose to live and maintain peace of the future and let others adjust themselves to it as they will Apply the principles of democracy and Christianity to ttie formula of the community way of life and you will find yourself arriving at these following lines of planning: A- - united states of Europe modeled after our own United States elimination of tariff barriers therein in raw materials the variety of nationals in Europe to have a common army legislature president premier of their own choice As for us we would do as believers in tlemocracy and Christianity do everywhere to protect themselves in line with the community spirit We would acquire air bases and territory not in the interests of world conquest but to defend our shores or hemisphere or "sphere of defense" wherever it lies from a strictly military (not a political) standpoint The army and navy should decide this not the White House We should get these in return for the debts outstanding against us And we should seek them not only for defense but to make ourselves as re– gards raw materials just as we proposed to have Europe do We would maintain an army and navy but particularly an air force competent to deal with any challenge of our interests (Distributed by King Features Syndicate Inc Reproduction in whole or in part strictly proKai-she- self-sufficie- nt hibited) - '' i C'444 o' t: -viss d - :) it :'f' )" ?' ' 2 br -- z 11144 n” r'' ' N44)) -- : 41"k 'A i lkt ::7 - lk n 1 1 s- ' f44 't- - P-'- 1 - 4 44''-- '' t Ait:' - 7 By Frank R Kent WASHINGTON—If as cannot now be doubted we win this war only to find that our a domestic economy has been wrecked and-period of social and financial confusion follows victory the price the people pay will be indefensibly heavy Their suffering will be second only to that involved in defeat This danger is neither fanciful nor remote It is the inevitable outcome of the lack of restraint and the loss of a sense of proportion with which the war has been conducted from the start in all matters save those of military strategy The wholehearted support which has been given to every presidential demand for money and power ought to have carried with it an obligation upon the part of the executive to maintain some degree of control over their use Apparently the president has felt no such obligation Certainly no one wanted toinstint the him either as to authority or funds bilwar That of the waswhy prosecution lions beyond the possibility of use were voted and everything he asked conceded But- the people heavily taxed and rigorously rationed had a right to expect that war expenditures and governmental expansion would not be allowed to run wild Yet that is exactly what they have been allowed to do Actually in these respects things are out of control Many have seen it coming but there are reasons the protests have not been stronger One is that no one wants to be denounced as hampering the war effort The by attempting to reduce war spending other is because no one wants to be accused of not fully supporting the president in every needful war activity regardless of cost Nevertheless there is a limit beyond which tolerance of recklessness ceases to be patriotic and becomes unpatriotic wt 11117: '41') ‘ 4 - 1"i' cg ' ft1 t- V z P A ft:s(470 p vI-llr"‘ 'ft' 4-- i'':': ?1" ''' - -- 41!!i------ 7:1:''''':fio- ! a e 4! - - - :- 4441r''''--- : - L' 0ai - :17 i-i-: :'P:''' 4'5 '40t-- fr - K5 I 1 1g S 7:Ze- P 4' i27 ?-''- 4I 4 — - 4 ' r 41' - ' t-- ' ''' ' - kf74 4 ': ''' I :4C- t Oit'''s - —'- P ' -- 4 - - tsot e ?''' - 4 - tiR) J ts44Litfe- ' tor - - - - - ' 4 ' bz4E'4E6'13ttikiQ5 - nwenOMM )I - w ApeN4tElF'Jjk tEt Powm — ' s4 '1r1- ' VLZI:3-i47'-- ' i rit) ' J5: - ::- 410 ' oc - t" 1 impoollbsitteato "-- ?' SWOOMICEfttanth) tI p 10( x: e 4'! illt leo ' - !tboir6 REPUBLIC SYNDICA AND GAZETTE - 0 -- J ut$117 tlBON MNNNINC--- 1I a Letters appearing In this column the views of The do not express Tribune They are the opinions of contributors with which The Tribune may or may not agree The followlog1 rules goverif contributions: Letters limited to 250 words and preference given to short communication& 2 Write legibly and clearly on one side of the paper only 3 Religious and racial discussions of a derogatory or sectarian nature are barred Partisan or per onal political comment cannot be printed P01110n1LI 4 pronibaspersions ited not Poetical contributions 5 wanted 6 Letters may be barred for obvious misstatements of fact or for statements which are not in &et:gird with fair play and good taste 7 The Forum is not an advertieing medium and cannot be used for advertising purposes 8 Writers must sign true names and addressee in Ink Letters will be carried over assumed name if In all cases writer so requests however true name and address must be attached to communication 9 The Forum cannot consider more than one letter from the same writer at one time 10 The Tribune cannot accept letters for publication which bear libelous or actionable remarks entailing 'Joint legal responsibility one-thir- 661 Mrs E 2nd So 11 L Carter Editor Tribune: Being a coal miner and also an American I cannot help but express resentment against your continued editorial attacks upon John L Lewis and the coal miners It seems that you would deal with the facts of the case however - of-fl- ee - About Spending By Ham Park ' the Walker Cliff Pearsall and Bosrest of the gang from the ton building and he said he'd give a lot just to join them once A' boy just brought the most - gorgeously wrapped package und said it was a "Father's day" gift from The attached K 0 studios card said it came from Perry Lieber and Connie Krebs It's a little late for Father's day but wasn't it nice of them to think of me ? I haven't opened it but I've a hunch it doesn't contain chocolates I'm to go out to the studio tomorrow and spend the day Talked to Harry Sherman ori the phone just now We're going to have dinner before I leave He's the movie magnate who's going to produce "Buffalo Bill" down around Moab and Kenai) He's one of the best listeners I've ever met So far I haven't contacted Iledda Hopper yet probably run into her tomorrow when I'm the R K 0 lot I also visiting hope to meet Kay Proctor while I'm down here I missed her when she was home She's the former Kay Harms of Salt Lake City and is a very capable newspaper woman I just got Dr Donoher on the phone And was he glad to hear from me! He fairly shouted "Why Senator you old It's so good to hear your voice!" (I guess my ancestry must have lots of Irish in it because I get all weepy when peo- pie are kind to me) Doc said he'd cut my legs off if I left town without seeing him so I'm going to wander over to his He's in a pretty soon very swanky building with a clinic headed by Dr Isaac Jones who's practically filthy with lucre Dr Donoher is doing very well and he should for he's a great healer but he hasn't forgotten us in Salt Lake I told him about how I occasionally dropped into the Rotisserie and sat at the Doctors table with Russ Owens Frank Goeltz Ed Dick Sol Kahn LeCompte more - thick-waiste- - golden opportunity for capital to discredit labor and make more millions In this they are receiving excellent support from most Washington politicians and the press Thanks to edu Senator From Sandpit LOS ANGELES: - you do not Nobody really believes that a pay raise for the miners would be inflationary Nobody questions the operators' ability to pay but this is a Resents Attitude Our Readers :cation most thinking Americans can see through the whole farce There is nothing democratic about the war labor board and it certainly smacks of fascism d It is easy for Washington politicians to say "hold the line" while they hold fat jobs What they want labor to do is hold the bag They who toil call us seven hours seven days deep underground while they wax fat placing property rights above human rights Corporations enjoyed the privilege of making contracts with the government some of them so fat they had to be renego- tiated but for the miners to ex- pect a fair contract with the operators for their labor finds Let's be demolittle support cratic Let's be fair Thomas M Karpan Rock 902 Eighth street Springs Wyo A War Mother Blackfoot: See rule 8 Forum Rules one-thir- renters By- - - Editor Tribune: I am so elated over the outcome of the recent realtors convention Especially am I happy over probable revid down on sion of the homes have lived in Utah 20 years and small earnings and rearing a family have prevented husband and me from owning our home Now when earnings are higher and both he and I are working that dream of a little home in this beautiful city seemed almost true The red down is not quired quite available and we are living apart and I am paying for one small room in town which would almost make the monthly payment on a home and am away from my precious boys until the week end when I can go home if I can get a seat on the bus Now I do hope this revision will soon be made whereby we can all be home owners instead of I - The public Forum Gains Courage 'cS t Connie irebs just called me and said there was an important "shooting" today and would I come right out A lot of celebrities are to be present So I'm going out and see what's what I don't make much money but I lead an interesting life don't I? For three days now I've been the trying to Meet Mr Baad manager of the Hotel Biltmore When he's been in I've been out and vice versa He called me on the phone the other night and said he understood I was a friend of Guy Toombes and that he'd like to meet me but each time I've tried he's either been Then I'd busy or something back I'd and out when get go there'd be a note that Mr Baad We've had a bad had phoned time of it eh what? Boy is that an awful pun! The phone just rang and a voice said: "Miss Hedda Hopper's secretary speaking Would you call her after noon today— she so wants to talk to you!" I'll call her from Connie Krebs' 'office where it won't cost me anything My goodness but it's hard to trains get reservations on the to I don't want to go back Salt Lake City by the way of Seattle but it appears you can do it easier that way I'm beginning to get worrited! Oh well I guess something'll turn up As a last resort I can walk Well I guess I better be takYou ing off for Hollywood see there's no swanky limousines any more I have to gö on the street car and it takes about a half hour and I want to try and get a Tribune to read on the way If I'm late this morning I'll surprise that dealer by breaking down and crying ' ' ' - Editor Tribune: In the calendar year 1942 the 40 federal reserve district and branch banks ha n died 1335543000 checks which were entered in the member bank accounts at $477108268000 The currency counted in the year amounted to $130101850001and the coins counted to $355581000 The checks were handled but once the paper currency and coins were of course counted over and over again The checks handled constituted more than 97 per cent and the paper money and coins counted constituted less than 3 per cent of the fiscal operations of the reserve banks There nrc 3000 counties in the United States and it is believed that practically every county seat in the country is within overnight mail transit of a federal reserve district or branch bank which means that the total daily debts of the country if put into check hill note or bond form could be deposited for exthe change in these 40 banks on connext morning after being tracted the exchanges to be made at par and as promptly as possible within a period of 100 days after deposit This arrangement would both augment and accelerate the clearing service which the trading public and the government must have from bank accounting if its money problem for honest and enterprising men is to have rational accommodation In the field of finance the check exchange system is to the electric paper money what light is to the coal-o- il lamp in the field of illumination The money problem will never be solved by the tallow-di- p paper d money mentality of the bureaucrats c olle ge economists and congressional committees who are accepted by the public as authorities on this subject Samuel Russell ' O C Pioche: See rule 1 -- bunny-braine- Paragraphically First windmill in America was set up by George Yeardley a deputy governor of the settlement at Jamestown Va According to census figures about 22 per cent:of all deaths in the United Statts are due to communicable diseases The city manager form of government is used to operate 521 cities in the 'United States - Limit Reached 141141461' 4 ''414BDZZI” PHOIPAIX 44''''"?il 110 411131DIRIOr ! 4:::!7::: P all16' O - - 4wk )0'J peace-makin- tianity -- ' i - war In our search for a real solution two basic principles must be adopted first The solution we want must be democratic and Christian No nation which will sincerely espouse the principles of democracy or Christianity will be the aggressor in any war It will not seek to impose its will on others through an international police force a suggestion which to me is only an excuse for imrialism Perhaps we might keep the world peace by imperialism but it would necessitate a complete American policing of the world and this of course is out of the question Our allies would not accept such a proposal even if offered g The only kind of a is which possible imperialism In the existing situation would be one conducted jointly by Russia Britain the United States and China Such a joint imperialism could be ueither democratic nor Christian in nature Different System The Russians have a different system which they no doubt intend to keep Indeed even the British system while like ours in its Christian roots is different from ours in democratic practice because it is basically a limited imperialism developed to further the necessary aspirations of the British empire If we enter upon such a joint Chino - Anglo - Russo - American imperialism the makeshift empire will not last long because its component parts are not naturally congenial but rather competitive and conflicting These same considerations impel me to lose hope in a world state because such a state would only draw a deceptive cloak over the differences which exist in this world but would not cure them Indeed such a proposal Is impossible for other reasons Neither the Russians British nor Chinese desire to sacrifice their nationtll interests and purposes even If the United States desired to do so and I cannot assume that we will ever desire such a state until it can be contrived on the basis for which we stand—democracy and Chris- YET! Domestic Front Muddle Hits Perilous Spot Manning - MELTING —: The Tribun is a member of the Associated Press The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for reproduction of all news dispatches credited to it or not otherwise credited 113 this miner and also the local news published herein -- By - By Paul Mallon WASHINGTON—Dear You ask me for constructive suggestions for a postwar plan The maintenance of eternal peace should be the only objective of the settlement I do not believe any of the old reactionary suggestions will do the job —League of Nations world courts sworn promises to outlaw wars pious pronouncements of peaceful intentions Indeed we have found from current experience that they were only artificial and superficial methods They do not reach down into basic causes of July 2 1943 Morning Feet of Clay Recognition that that limit has been reached seems to have come recently to many thoughtful men who heretofore have been silent Despite the possibility of rebuke from the unfortunate Elmer Davis whose thesis is that everything is lovely and everybody ought to cheer the seriousness of things is being pointed out There was for example the report of the Kilgore committee Democrats on the perilous condition of the home front But even more of striking have been the stalements of two the most distinguished Democratic senators—George of Georgia land Byrd of Virginia It was Senator George who a few days ago urged that army and navy expenditures be limited to $75000000000 a year instead of the $106000000000 scheduled There must Senator George thinks be some limit somewhere some time otherwise a collapse will occur Realizing that any suggestion to reduce expense Is likely to bring charges of hampering the war he still asserted that "no matter what the army and navy say we are goingto have to reduce or else we will not have sufficient man' power and raw materials to maintain even a minimum economy on the home front You can lose the war through inadequate man power to maintain domestic economy There is no more certain way of sapping morale at home than unnecessary waste and extravagance" Should Have Weight Coming from Senator George cwhose wisdom and moderation are generally recognized this sort of statement ought to have weight Equally important is the warning of Senator Byrd of the indefensible uncontrolled and monstrous growth of the federal bureaucraicy There are now he fedpoints out upward of 3000000tocivilian 900000 in eral employes as compared the last war In the last war there was one civilian employe to five soldiers now the soldiers ratio is one to two And Fifty-fiv- e per cent of the present civilian the employes are not directly engaged in that war effort Also Senator Byrd says the federal government now has morr persons pay roll than all 48 states plus theall county and municipal governments All these figures of course are exclusive of army and navy and the point made in- by Senator Byrd is that the numbers roll crease all the time The size of the pay 'angrows steadily month after month In other year or so of war the sheer weight of the federal machine will be insupportable Both he and Senator George think the time has come to call a halt And of courseit has But with the war on and the president deaf since 1933 to any argument for government spending control or to reduce In employes the difficulty is to get action direction the they point - - one-ha- lf on-th- - - - Christopher Billopp- Says: war effort a man cannot In the all-ocareful in guarding against waste market money through the weekly to his wife He should cast all sentiment aside in his effort to revise this sum downward He should point out to her that in view of the increasing shortage of consumer to buy goods she will need less money trifles He will call attention to the fact less that the ratidning of gasolineoil means which she expenditure for gasoline and ordinarily pays He will remind her that she has no cook: to that though a cleaning woman promisesand come she probably will not show up that as a consequence great savings are possible in the outlay for labor As a result of the difficulties of transportation his investigation should show a considerable falling off in the people who come to the door with gadgets to sell apfor volunteer firemen's peals to buy tickets solicitors working their picnics magazine college and similar requests waythrough whikh touch a woman's' heart and upon which so much market money in ordinary times is frittered away He might suggest that for the duration she allow a greater space between beauty No doubt many treatments and hair-do- s other similar extravagances will occur to him A man who sets himself resolutely to the task should- find no difficulty in conon vincing his wife that she can get along remuch less money than she normally inmatter by quires He can clinch thetone "Well how a in threatening quiring much money do you want this week?" Only a very 'bold wife would dare to demand her rights Then with the amount saved from the market money a man may add an ample sum to his own weekly pocket money to meet the higher cost of living without reducing his standards - ut be to pre-seat- ed ed - ao 4