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Show THE RICH COUNTY NEWS, RANDOLPH, UTAH 1921, by UcClure ' MARKETING ALFALFA PRESENTS ' SEVERAL DIFFICULT PROBLEMS win tel- you hut can't do, is stable me up like an old horse. lo you suppose have coiue to eating hay and outs! You ought to be ashamed ' of yourself to come along here with such a plan as thatl" But you see No, I dont see anything !" was Interrupted. If I had $20 1 could get a very nice house. There are four rooms, nnd they have just been repapered. It is just the place for a poor widow." Mr, Bowser passed ou to the next, OOlAXXJOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO t(. - 1 Newspaper Sj ndicate.) Mr. Bowser was more tliau half hour lute In coming up to dinner an and asked : the My good woman, I come to your other evening. No explanations were relief." - : , demanded of him, but at the dinner "Well, you are the first one who ever table he said : ? '.' did," she replied. I thought I would l,"JIrs, Bowser, I met with a case have to stay out here all night, but you fi.ai culled for all my pity. are going to get me h house." Was It a lame horse? she asked In Madam, 1 have, rented a barn for her sal ideal way. you to stay In for two or three days, Jlvnt talk that way to me If you and then you can arrange things. Tou Waul to hear about It I" said Mr. see, you cant. stay out here all ' Bowrer in petulant tones. night." But you seem to pity everything You have rented a barn for me! ' and everybody. , . What sharply queried the woman. -Well, I was born that way ; and on earth do you take me for? rnn't help it. It would be a great deal I take you for a widow in misforbetter for you if you showed more pity. tune..' It Is a nice, cleen barn. It 1 was coming home at the usual hour. smells of horse a little,, but you will )n passing the street I saw a lot of furniture on the sidewalk. Yes, the people were moving. They were not moving, Sirs. Bowser. for they had no place to go to. They could not pay the rent the greedy landlord demanded, and so they were evicted. ... . Yes. you saw all this, remarked : . . Hr. Bowser. And, of course, I got off the car to see wlnit the trouble was. I saw three widows seated on chairs and crying s if their hearts would break. There crowd around them, but no one - . offered assistance." V . No one hut you? "Samuel J. Bowser has never seen a person In misfortune without offer--Jn- g nssltance, and he does not want to he praised for it. "How much did you give? queried lira. Bowser. I did not give anything in a money way, i hough it may come to that tomorrow. The first thing was to shelter them from the night blast. I may tomorrow spend the day in looking for bouses for them. I . urn sure they ought to be very thankful.' There are many poor widows In town nnd they ought to find . . s friends."' soon get used to that.,, .You see, we can't run around at night to find , lint I havent told you all, continued Mr. Bowser. As I came along 1 saw a horse barn for rent. I went right to the owner and rented it for a week, and I shall place the three widow and their belongings- in tli barn for a day or two. It isnt just the place for them, hut people must bend to fircumstunceSi I am now going out Jn sctirth of a moving van, and I may not he home for three hours. The widow enn go to a restaurant and get am moving the furnidinner while : ture.' Y j- errand of pity does you great credit, remarked Mrs. Bowser, making a sudden change in her attitude. That Is what I like hear you ny.: said Mr. Bowser, taking 'cew If any newspaper man courage. conics here you can give him the full particulars. It wont do a bit of hurt to have it all in the papers. It will make the rest of the people In town ashamed of themselves. Dont wait up for me, but go to bed whenever you like. Mr. Bov.-se- r went down the street, here t.e saw the evicted persons, and i - - t - e they si ill sat around in a disconsolate way. The crowd had mostly departed, and not one of them had put his hand In ids pocket to aid the distress. honk here, woman, said Mr. Bowser. as lie came to the first widow. Yen cant stay out here all night, can you? But where else can I go? was the , qtichi ion., 'isnt there some houses to rent ' fin1 her down the Street? 1 $20 want but think "Yes. so, they Bd the rent must be paid in n month. , - advance.' ' But I will sit here nil night before in a barn I There are nice looms up the street about two blocks, and I could move right in You there if I had $18 in cash. dont know how nice those rooms are. There is running water, three front windows to look out of, and the roof does not leak a drop. I should be so happy living there." Mr. Bowser hung on to his $18 ant) The third passed on to the next. widow was ready to say to him: See here, Mr, Man, I heard what you said to the other women, and if they are not horses to be tied up in a barn you needn't think I am one i I am just as good as they are I And I have never lived in a barn and never I sleep - -- ' shall ! But, you see, it Is a case of misfor. tune, softly replied Mr. Bowser. Then why dont you put your hand In your pocket and pay my rent for a month. There is a family Tp here who will rent their parlor to n,e, and I can have the privilege of the kitchen. It is a beautiful parlor, and thqre is gold in the paper on the wall. Ali they will charge me is $12 a month. Come now, what are you going to do?" What Mr. Bowser did wSs to turn away and take his road home. He felt to pity, but not exactly $50 worth, with the rent of the stable added to that. As he entered the liou.se and sat down, Mrs. Bowser raised her eyebrows, as If asking a qusstiou, and he replied : 1 got there too late, a charity scv had taken charge of tha ciety ' ' widows. y No Standardized Golf Ball. An interesting point in connection with halls is that tennis balls and baseballs have both been standardized much more than the golf ball. In golf no particular brand of ball has been adopted, but in thelast year the rules have been changed by the United States Golf association and the Royal and Ancient in Britain, to specify that a bail not smaller than 1.62 Inches in diameter, nor more than 1.62 ounces in weight be used in tournament golf. The reason why no particular make of hall has been selected as official in the golf field is that only one player uses the bail In the course of an authority said. the tournament, In tennis and baseball there has to be not only a standard ball, but one of a particular make, because with these hails the player is asking his opponent to use the same ball. Your ball may suit your style of play yet send him off his game. Exchange. Fish That Fight Malaria. fish known as Gamlmsia affinis, which devours the larvae of the propagator of malaria, the Anopheles mosquito, has been .acclimatized in Spain. Attempts to acclimatize these fish in Britain, France, and Italy, have " failed. The fish, which were imported into Spain by the American Bed Cross, are Being sent in large quantities to the malarial regions. A was an Invitation for Bowser to-- ' p;it up $20, but he didnt take advantage of the golden opportunity. He said in reply: "I have found you temporary quarJapanese Trial by Ordeal. ters for a day or two, and then we will Trial done. be by ordeal still exists in some can see what If a theft takes You are a good man," replied the parts of Japan. place in a household, all the servants widow, nut where are the quarters? Well, they are la a barn, but it is are requested to write a certain word nice, clean barn and there is plenty with the same brush. The conscience is supposed to betray Its workings Id of room." !V of the Ideographs writtefw I exclaimed the What What I Tracing an ideograph Involves such Me move into a barn! widow. think not! I am no horse to live in an effort of muscular directness and ham! It hasnt come to that yet! undivided attention that the device Bui. rny good woman, what can we often leads to the discovery of the guilty person. asked Mr. Bowser. do li.-i-- . Cattle and Camels at a Foro. (Prepared by the National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C.) Christian nation when our ancestors were floundering in paganism, now as for centuries an African empire-one of the three or. four remaining empires of the world and tlte only bit of land on the great continent of Africa, with the exception of the little republic of Liberia, which has hot. been made a. possession or a protectorate of a European power such la Abyssinia, little heard of in the worlds affairs, but possessing- a history- - and-- , a promise Of future economic importance which make it deserve a different fate. The country owes Its independence' large part both directly and indirectly to its geographical environment. Set upon a great pJatenu, It is a natural fortress; and while the natives of most other sections of tropical Africa dwell in enervating jungles or inhospitable deserts, the people of Abyssinia, thanks to their altitude, fertile soil and temperate conditions in general, huve an invigorating climate and a land literally of milk and honey. A situation near Arabia and Palestine, too, has drawn Arabian and Jewish blood to Abyssinia and has given the people of the country a racial advantage which the African tribes of pure negro blood have not had. But while geographical situation has in many ways been an advantage to Abyssinia, it has brought ' Its disadvantages also. Without access to the sea for centuries, the Abyssinians, held to their inland .tablelands without contact with the outside world, failed to make the most of their possession of a lofty religion and an early start toward civilization, and have reIt is mained a semlbarbaric people. perhaps remarkable that, isolated as they were, they maintained their Christianity in any recognizable form. Observers marvel at the fact that the? principal tenets nnd observances of the faith are practically pure rather than at the growth beside them of certain superstitions and laxities. Cut Off From Sea and Nile. As the situation now stands, Abyssinia Is entirely cut off from the sea and the Nile by the colonies of European powers; Italian Eritrea, French Somaliland and British Somaliland on the north; Italian Somaliland on the east; British East Africa on the south n Sudan on the and the west. But this is a mere holding of s by new keepers; since the rise of Mohammedan power in the Near East the country has been cut off about equally as effectively by various Mohammedan tribes. Those people of Arabian blood were 'able to take possession of the low desert lands, but on their invigorating highlands the Abyssiiuans were, with rare exceptions, masters. Abyssinia Is more than twice the size of the German republic and of about the area of California, Oregon and Nevada together. The country lies In the same latitude as Venezuela nnd the southern Islands of the Philippines, well in the tropics ; but because of its general high elevation it has, like Mexico, a much cooler and more healthful climate than its proximity to the equator would indicate. These highlands are from 5,000 to 8,000 feet above the sea. Their rolling prairies are well watered and have a good growth of grass, , The climate on these uplands is superb, and if one desires cooler surroundings there are mountain chains rising from the plateau in almost ail sections of the country. Some of these mountains reach a height of 15 OX feet and are topped by perpetual snow. Irrigation could be practiced in hyssinia to great advantage, but the utilization of the abundant water supply in that way seems never to have entered the minds of the natives. Canyons and Deep Valleys. The great amount of water which runs down from the Abyssinian mountains has carved gigantic gorges through the tablelands, some of which, in depth at least, rival the Grand canyon of the Colorado. The gorge of the Blue Nile which flows for more than half its length through Abyssinia Is from 5,000 to 6,000 feet deep In places. The material washed from this remote chasm has played an Important part, incidentally, in the history of the world. Ground Into slit and deposited through the centuries and millenniums In the lower valley of the Nile, It produced there a garden spot and made possible the growth of in : the-wav- also of the grade No. 1 'causes the ship--' ' i per a heavy loss. believe The specialists that commercial grades for any kind of hay should he made so that the physical limitations In production and preparation will be properly recognized, and that such grades should be uniformly applied, and not influenced whatever by the state of the market. Causes of Wide Margins. Most shippers in the Irrigated sections seem willing to handle hay at a gross profit of $1 per ton if the chance of losses on account of rejections ' could be eliminated. The rejections are almost always based upon the claim, that the hay Is not- up to grade, but occur almost entirely upon a declining market. With only the meager' protection against this practice and resultant loss, furnished by inspection services maintained by the trade or- - r ganizations of the various markets, he Is compelled to raise his margin of gross profit to $2 or $3 per ton. When the producer notes the wide difference between the price which he has received for his hay and the price quoted at' the adjacent market, he feels that the shipper or dealer is taking advantage of him and' is making too large a profit. The producers desire to share in this supposedly- - large profit is one of the principal causes wave that is now of the agitating southwestern alfalfa growers. When this desire is stimulated by an enthusiastic, prospective manager it seems to be not a very difficult matter to form an organization of producers- to ship and market hay. , Marketing Association. market associations can no doubt market their own hay as advantageously as the Individual shipper, provided their manager is as well trained and possesses equal experience and business ability, but they are sure to meet the same marketing difficulties, and will have Just as many rejections and losses which must be deducted from the proceeds of their .' sales. Many of the irrigated sections of the Southwest do not ship more than from 2,000 to 3,000 cars of hay each year and this business is In some in- stances divided between two or three shippers, who also conduct other businesses in connection, thus greatly reducing overhead expenses. shipping associations are being organized in several of these projects. The cure for the present marketing difficulties in the alfalfa sections of the Southwest would seem to be along ' the line of better standards and their impartial applications, say the marketing specialists. i - ' (Prepared by the United States Depart- ment of Agricultilfe.) The Irrigated areas of tbe southwestern United .States can produce a high market "grade of alfalfa hay, but there are several difficult problems that must be solved in order profitably to market the hay, say specialists of the bureau of markets and crop es- Anglo-Egyptia- tlie'-gate- . one of the worlds earliest civilizations. In the bottoms of these deep valleys, some of which are fairly wide, and In other depressions, tropical conditions prevail, so that the possible products of Abyssinia range from those of tha tropics to those of the northern temperate zone. Little has been dona toward the development of agriculture beyond its primitive stages. The raising of cattle, sheep and goats for their milk, flesh and skins is the more popu- lar pursuit. Tlte Abyssinian by one American pendent, has been described as rather aff Indebattle-lovin- easy-livin- sensual, chap. Socially, the people are living in feudal times. The. various reigning princes of the provinces owe allegiance to the emperor and must furnish soldiers to support him in time of war. The land is theoretically owned by the emperor and those who Jusmake use of it are his tenants. tice is administered personally by the rulers and their representatives When a person is accused of a crime the first step is to confiscate his property. Decision as to his innocence or guilt can follow in due time. Because property has been unsafe for a long period people of wealth have buried what Vast they could for safe keeping. quantities of gold, silver and .Ivory are believed to lie underground at the present time, the latter, of course, dedevil-may-ca- re , teriorating. timates, United States Department of Agriculture.. . .. Method of Baling. The first step which , has a direct bearing upon the marketing of alfalfa is haling. The rainfall in the Southwest is exceedingly light during the season, and for this reason much of the hay is baled out of the windrow or cock. When hay is baled from the windrow in sufficiently green state to save all the .leaves, it cannot be pressed tightly . because . of the danger of heating, and .shippers therefore frequently experience considerable, difficulty In loading cars with the minimum weight for ' which they pay charges. Hay which lias been stacked and allowed to dry can be baled more compact, but in baling stack hay many of the .leaves shatter because of the dryness. ; According to the application by many inspectors of the present grade rules, this hay is of a lower grade than when the leaves cling to the stems, notwithstanding the fact that the leaves may be contained in the bale. i Sources of Trouble. Bleached hay, together with weeds, causes considerable trouble in marketing alfalfa. It is well known that alfalfa hay bleaches quickly when exposed to bright sunlight, but there is a wide difference of opinion as to just the amount of nutrient that Is losi: g - - . , in bleaching. Commercial grade rules, however, are based in part upon this factor. One great drawback to the commerProducers and shippers in these sechas tions contend that too much weight is cial development of Abyssinia been the lack of roads leading up to given the color factor in fhe present the high plateau and over Ita surface. commercial grades for alfalfa and not The routes of travel which have been sufficient weight to its feeding value. used for more than a thousand years From investigations recently made are mere trails, and the burdens have by the bureau of markets and crop been carried on mule and camel back estimates, it appears that when the since the days of the great Queen of present grading rules are rigidly and Sheba, who, the traditions of the technically applied, as Is frequently Abyssinians say, was the queen of the case on declining markets, it is Ethiopia. The royal line claims deimpossible under the most ideal condl; scent from her and Solomon. Some tions to produce choice grade alfalyears ago the French began constructfa. ing a railroad from their port of The presence of a weed, a blade of Jibuti, just below the mouth of the grass or of a bleached stem will preThe vent a bale from grading choice, and Red sea, toward Abyssinia. Abyssinians permitted this to be ex- It Is practically impossible to obtain tended into their country and in 1017 hay which Is entirely clear of any of It reached Adis Abeba, the capital. these things. Considerable hay Is Over this road a large part of the bought and sold on this grade, howhides, coffee, beeswax and Ivory, which ever, but the use of it, and sometimes constitute the chief exports of the empire, are shipped. Specialists In Various fields who have visited the country believe that FIX FARM INCOME BY this is but a small part of the prodVOLUME OF BUSINESS ucts that could be shipped to the world, and that the people are enjoying but a fraction of the prosperity that they might enjoy If they develMust Be Margin Above Annual oped their resources along modern Good Roads Are Scarce. lines. As the only African people which has been able to maintain its independence In modern times tn a war with a European power, the Abyssinians have become rather conceited and are inclined not to recognize the superiority even of Western civilization and culture. Their victory was won over the Italians In 1896 at the battle of Adowa where the pick of the Italian army was cut to pieces. The Abyssinians have bought large quantities of modern rifles In recent years and could probably put In the field In case of war an army of 250,000 soldiers, a large part of well-equipp- them mounted. ; r .'Tested the Saw. :. Mr. Biggs was planning to build a motor shed in his garden, so he bought an expensive saw. He left bi office early the next afternoon, with the intention of starting the job. Putting on a pair of overalls, he went out into the garden. An hour or so later he came into the dining room and flung himself down into a chair In dis: gust. That new saw I bought isnt worth Why, the 2 pence! he stormed. thing wouldnt cut butter ! His small son, Harry, looked up In surprise. Oh, yes, it would, daddy, he exWhy, Ted and I claimed earnestly. sawed a whole brick in two with U London Answers. this morning. Diabolical Joke. Ted Tom Is a great practical joker. He jnade himself up as a ghost and appeared before a professional medium. Ned Yes, and as It was the. drat ghost shed ever seen It threw het Into convulsions. of business Is at least potentially present, as evidenced by tillable land or by markets for intensive crops on small areas. That the volume of business can be achieved by economical methods. That the volume of business that can be conducted on the farm is such Maintenance Charge. that it wifi yield an income large enough to provide a comfortable margin, after paying the absolutely nec8lze of Business Is Most Important essary expenses of operation and proFactor to Be Considered in Selectviding an adequate living for ths farmer and his family, for saving or ing a Place Three Things future demands. to Htiber. ' , by the United Statw Impart ment of Agriculture.) It requires a farm business of at least fair size to provide an income that will merely cover maintenance charges w and these charges are relatively higher for small . farms than for large ones, say specialists of the United Stateg Department of Agriculture. A farm may be of such size as to furnish most living needs of the farmer, such as vegetables and fruits, as well as enough income. to pay the' taxes and running expenses, but unless there is a margin above this annual maintenance charge no progress can lie made toward accumulating a surplus, point is often overlooked, and thousands of men fall to understand why they do not get ahead faster, when, as a matter of fact, the size of their business Is such that there is only a slight possibility of any margin being left after obtaining a bare firing and paying (Prepared absolutely' -- necessary running ex- penses. .Often tire income is insufficient even to do this, and the farmer and 'jtls family have to go without soaa of the comforts of fife. Thus it ts that the size of the farm business Is one of the most important, if not the most important, factor o be considered In selecting a farm, i DAIRY COWS LIKE VARIETY - Few Speckled Apples, Beets, Carrots and Other Worthless Foodstuffs Are Delicacies. . , A dairy cow appreciates variety in her ration almost as much as does a human being. Hay, grain and silage are good and certainly should constitute the main part of the ration. But a few speckled apples, beets, carrots, small potatoes, and other worthless foodstuffs all are delicacies to the cow. The dairyman who thinks of his cows in this way, not only keeps them in flourishing condition, hut is repaid immediateTy by an increase in milk yield. STAR BOARDERS NOT WANTED If Milk Flow Is to Be Kept Up Cow Must Be Persistent-Other- wise ' Discard Her. The cow' that milks heavily for a short time or for four or five or six months and then drops off, perhaps entirely drying up, is never to be seriously considered when annual records are being computed. Naturally If one Is to keep up the milk flow ha must have a cow persistent in her determining the value of a farm makeup. If she proves otherwise, it 'Itis regard It Is essential, special--:- Is probable that she to- - the to make sure of three things; class of star boarders belongs that have no you hove an opportunity; that place on any dairy farm where busiire that tlie desired volume ness methods are practiced. y. |