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Show TFIE HELPER TRIES. HELPER. UTAH system, as it operates throughout Europe, with the possible exception of Italy, is that it is iDtertwined with politics." News Review of Current Events the World Over r Revolutionary Movement Threatens Machado's Regime in Cuba German Reich Saved by Defeat of Radicals. By EDWARD W. PICKARD rE R A R D O Macliado, president of Cuba, not long ago scoffed at the danger of revolution In his tight J little island. But w the threat lias materialized In a way to make him sit up and take notice. Rebels In various regions staged Macnado ireuiiB tnat alarmed the government and martial law was declared In the effort to stave off civil war. Machado and his cabinet ministers conferred with military and civic advisers, and the martial resources of the republic were hastily mobilized. Troops Were sent to the troubled areas and an effort was made to Improvise a navy by commandeering private yachts and arming them with eighteen pound guns. Meanwhile the authorities were gathering up all the known and suspected rebels they could catch and putting them In jail. Hundreds were arrested and charged with treason. Former President Meno-ca-l and Colonel Mendleta were credited with the leadership of the revolt and especial efforts were made to get them, but at this writing they are still at large. The most active of the rebels were in the province of I'inar del Rio, and It was reported to President Machado that they, with Gen. Balderno Acosta, mayor of Mariano, as leader, were preparing an invasion of Havana Indeed, there were sevprovince. eral sanguinary skirmishes only a few miles from the capital, which was isolated by the cutting of communications. Col. Julio Sangully, chief of the army flying corps, ordered every available plane to keep on constant patrol along the north coast, especially In I'inar del Rio, and for several miles out at sea. In search of both Cuban and foreign organSev ized filibustering expeditions. eral craft that attempted to escape the navy patrol ships were- bombed by the flyers. Late reports said Menocal, Men dieta and others were on a yacht making their way to Chnparra. Orlente province, where Menocal lias a large number of followers. He was at one time manager of the Chaparra sugar mills, the largest in the world. Headquarters of the revolutionists have been opened in New lork and are In charge of Dr. Domingo Mendez Capote, who says he is the "chief delegate of the rebels' organ ization In this country, ne was vice president after the war of Independence and has had a distinguished career. - out-Pre- tOR the time being, at least, the German republic is safe, for the latest attempt to wreck it has failed. This was the move to dissolve the Prussian diet through a plebiclte, which, if it had succeeded, would have imperiled the relch. The scheme was devised by the Hitlerites or Nationalists, and that other set of radicals, the Communists, joined with them, although their ultimate aims are utterly diverse. But even with the aid of the National Socialists the combination fell some 3,.r00,000 votes short of accomplishing its purpose. The French government was almost as pleased by the result of the German plebiclte as was that In Berlin, for it meant that the growing accord between the two nations would not be broken, and it was said In Paris that the proposed visit of Premier Laval to Berlin was " now a certainty. INTERNATIONAL experts charged with the task of dovetailing the Hoover moratorium plan and the Young plan announced in London that they had reached a complete agreemeut, which was signed at the treasury office. Their communique said : "Complete agreement was reached, as regards the detailed measures required to give effect to President Hoover's proposal In case of payments by Germany under the Hague agreement of January 20, 1930. "Recommendation of the experts in regard to suspension of these payments have been approved by the governments of Australia, Canada, Czechoslovakia, Greece, India. New Zealand, Portugal, Rumania and South Africa. "Agreement also was reached in regard to detailed measures for suspension of interallied war debts to the United Kingdom, France and Italy of payments under agreement with Czechoslovakia.. "Agreement also was reached on the principle that payments dne by Hungary under the Paris agreement of April 28, 1!X!0, and payments by Bulgaria under the Hague agreement of January 20, 1930, should be suspended during the year ending June 30, 1KJ2. "But in this case certain adjustments must be made, as complete suspension of these payments might result in suspension of certain classes of payments to individuals. Accordingly, the committee agreed in principle that all payments of funds 'A' and 'B' under the agreement signed at Taris on April 20, 19,'iO, should be continued during the Hoover year. "Negotiations are continuing in regard to adjustments required in the case of Bulgaria." D LANTERS of the fourteen cotton states of the South are asked by the farm board to plow under of their crop Immediately, In order to enhance the price of the . other The board sent telegrams to the governors of the states urging that this course be adopted. In return, said the board, the cotton stabilization corporation will agree to hold off the market Its 1,300,000 bales until July 31, 1932. and will urge the cotton financed by the board to do one-thir- d likewise. C RGANIZED labor in certain parts of this country Is not doing much to help solve the question of unemployment Quite the reverse. Take the Hoover dam, for Instance. The workers on that big project made wage demands that construction company holding the contract considered extortionate, so 125 men quit work. The superintendent immediately shut down operations and about 1,000 men were thrown out of work. The company, he said, was six months ahead of schedule, and could afford to refuse concessions that would cost $2,000 daily or $3,000,000 during the seven years allowed for completion of the dam. Living conditions for the workers on this desert job are admittedly rigorous. In Chicago thousands of men and women were thrown out of employment when more than one hundred small movie theaters closed rather than submit longer to the demand of the motion picture operators' union that two operators be employed at each house. The managers said this was unnecessary and that they could not afford it. Extensive highway construction operations In Illinois are delayed and may not get under way before next spring, because labor organizations objected to the rulings of a state board as to the "prevailing wage" In various districts, which must be paid for the work according to the law authorizing it These are only a few instances of the many that might be cited. It would seem to the ordinary citizen that organized labor might well strain a point or two In such a time of stress. DWARD A. O'NEAL, president J of the American Farm Bureau federation, announced at a meeting of state farm bureau leaders in Milwaukee that the federation "must ISS MART renew Its demand for an equalizahead tion fee" and that the present marof the women's buketing act was inadequate to cope reau of the Departwith agriculture's "most acute probment of Labor, is lem control of its surplus crops." a woman of ideas The announcement was said to be and the ability to offthe farm board unexpected by express them. Havicials and the administration in ing returned from Washington. Europe, she "The federation has always stood out an address gives urgfor the principle of the equalization ing a modern era fee, as expressed in the old for and Mary bill, which provides maids, a higher Anderson that each unit of a commodity pro- status for domestic duced shall bear its fair share of service in with modern inthe cost of disposal of surplus," dustrialism. keeping Her program includes O'Neal -- cooks said. DROBABLI to bis own surprise, quite a vigorous though small boom has developed for Melviri A. Traylor, Chicago banker, as the Democratic nominee for the Presidency in 1031. It was started in Malone and Hills-borTexas, where M. A. Traylor. Mr. Traylor former ly lived and where he is most popular. Then, a few days later, Daniel Upthegrove, president of the St. Louis Southwestern railroad, announced that he would support the banker for the nomination, and that a committee was being formed to further Traylor's candidacy. It is not likely that Mr. Traylor takes the matter seriously except as a compliment, but those who know him and his abilities feel that the Democratic party might go further and fare worse. He is president of the First National bank of Chicago and has been prominent in national and International financial affairs. CHARPLY criticizing "third de- gree" methods in police force administration, which is found to be widespread in both cities and rural communities, the Wickersham com mission reported to President Hoo ver that 'it remains beyond doubt that the practice is shocking in its character and extent, violative of American traditions and Institutions, and not to be tolerated. Citing many Instances of police brutality and unfair tactics by officers, the commission declared that the trend toward "lawlessness in law enforcement" had resulted In "a deplorable prostration of the processes of Justice," and urged that congress enact a code of federal criminal procedure which might serve as a model for the states. : FELIX SEX AeTOR b e r of t Rhode Island, chair- man of the senate committee on unemployment, spent the week end at the Rapidan camp and then gave out, ap- parently as Presi- Y f I' A dent Hoover's spokesman, an attack on the idea of Senator a government dole Hebert and federal unemHe assorted ployment insurance. that the latter would inevitably lead to the dole ns it operates In England. Mr. llehert based his conclusions upon a study of the dole abroad made during a trip from which he recently returned. He visited most of the countries of west ern Europe for the special purpose of Investigating unemployment In surance, end he predicts now that there will be lit tie clamor In con gress for the establishment of such a system. He said of the dole: "The main difficulty with the do! the establishment of training schools to fit the worker to the position through the federal employment service, and an employee's life independent of the employer's household. She thinks modern apartment living means not the eventual extinction of the worker In the home but added advantages for her. Miss Anderson also points out that apartment living must necessarily give opportunity for mucli work. part-tim- e HOOVER'S fifty- seventh birthday came on August 10, but he entirely disregarded the anniversary. Returning from the Rapidan camp, he spent the remainder of the day in work as usual, and though Mrs. Hoover had hurried back from Akron, there were no guests for dinner. rOh. LUKE LEA, Nashville pub lisher, his son, Luke Lea, Jr., and four others were1 Indicted by the grand jury In Nashville on charges of conspiracy In connection with the affairs of the defunct Liberty Bank and Trust company, rELEGATES from nearly all were present when the press congress of the world opened in Mexico City. Men and women from North and South America. Europe and the Orient were welcomed at a reception given by Senator Don Lamberto Hernandez, head of the federal district. The inaugural meeting was directed by Frank L. Martin, acting dean of the school of journalism of the" University of Missouri, and the guests were addressed by Dr. Don Jose Manuel Puig Casaurano, secretary of public education. The newspaper men of Mexico then gave the delegates a theater party, and next afternoon they were received at Chapultepec castle by President Ortiz Ruhio. On Wednesday there was an excursion to the archeologieal excavations at San Juan Teotihuacan, and on Friday the closing day of t he congress, a great fiesta was held In the stana-tio- dium, Of course between these festive affairs the delegates transacted considerable business, much of it through their committees, mid at the three general sessions some serious and thoughtful addresses were delivered. DARKER CRAMER, the aviator who was mapping out a northern air mail route to Europe, got as far as Lerwick In the Shetland islands safely on his way to Copenhagen and then ran Into trouble that. It Is feared at this writing, resulted In his death. Colonel and Mrs. Lindbergh were held up at Point Burrow for three days by adverse weather conditions, off for Nome. Howand then-tooever, dense fugs compelled them to come down on the nortli coast of the Seward peninsula about 75 miles from Nome, which Is on the south coast of that peninsula. When the fog lifted they went on to Safety bay, near Nome. 1331. Western h (fieiraea'saE IPFEiiiEag9 C7 1 M ie A, IE. IF. Uu General tFohn . Pershing s hard-fough- Meuse-Argoun- e. h Nanteuil-sur-Marne- wt, 15-1- Forty-sec- d Sols-son- i- Gou-raud- 's about-France- Chateau- n RESIDENT (.a and Thirty-eightregiments holdf' leg this front being forced back. The stubbornness of their resistance, however, broke up the attack as whole, and the Germans re-- tired to the north bank. On this occasion a single regiment of the Third division (Col. U.G. wrote McAIexander's Thirty-eighth- ) one of the most brilliant pages in -our military annals. It prevented the crossing at certain points on Its front, while on either flank the (Copyright, 1931, In all countries by the North AmerGermans who had gained a footing ican Newspaper Alliance. World right reserved. Including the Scandinavian. Reproduction in whole pressed forward. Our men. Bring W NU Service or in part prohibited.) in three directions, met the Ger- - , man attacks with counter-attackat critical points, and succeeded"!' , two German divisions throwing t CHAPTER XLVII Continued. ties properly it must be said that to get at the enemy in several into complete confusion. As General Foch and the others when the Germans swept over the engagements during the tryMen from three different enemy were not arriving until later, M. Chemin des Dames to Chateau-Thierr- y ing days of the divisions were captured by the Clemeneeau and I, driving together, the French lost 45,000 beds Third in the fighting of this day. CHAPTER XLIX accompanied by Generals Wlrbel included In some of their best By noon of the 16th the attacks and Ragueneau In a separate auto- equipped hospitals. We had no A number of our divisions were its line came to a halt against mobile, went to the headquarters hospitals on that front and with quite prepared to engage in any The Germans were stopped to the of the Eighty-thirdivision, Major limited transportation found it dif- contemplated offensive and their east of Reims by Gouraud's Fourth General Glenn commanding, which ficult to supplement the scant location at the moment lent hope with but slight gains, while was billeted at Montigny, not far French facilities. In fact, the situa- for the early formation of one and army to the southwest they got across from Chaumont. We fell to dis- tion as to hospital accommodations probably two entire corps of Amerthe Marne and made some progress cussing the probable situation of for our troops was about to reach icans. toward Eperuay. the various allied countries and a criticul stage. had Its First taken corps Liggett's their relative standing after the In this connection a cable was place in line July 4, with the SecCHAPTER L war. M. Clemeneeau went to some division ond (Harbord) relieved on actually submitted by Mr. Casper The Germans had a preponderTwenty-sixt10th (Edlength in his conjectures. the by ance of 323,000 rifles March 21, Whitney from the New York Trib- the Thought Britain Finished. une which was scathing In its de- wards), and a French division un- 1918, and although this number "Great Britain is finished and in nunciation of our staff The corps medical depart- der its direction. had decreased they still had a sushe has seen the ment. The censor my opinion immediately in- had been shaken down to the periority of about 200.000 May 27. zenith of her glory," he said. had become routine of its work and formed the medical July 15 this was changed and the "What makes you think so, Mr. at my headquarters,representatives and General in every respect an efficient group, allies then had the superiority by Prime Minister?" I asked. Ireland, the chief surgeon, request- performing its functions with the the same number. In other words, "First of all," he replied, "the ed an investigation, which was at confidence and precision worthy of the Germans were relatively worse Immense drain of the war will once carried out by the chief of the the more experienced staffs of the off by 523,000 rifles in July than in make it impossible for her to re- inspector-general'- s ' corps, General allied armies. March. yr tain commercial supremacy, and, Brewster. Mr. Whitney was asked During an inspection trip, July This was accounted for almost of her to be present at all the hearings, 12, to the headquarters of the First second, the experience entirely by the great Increase in and when the actual facts were corps,1 I had lunch with General the numbers of Americans. The , brought out, showing the efficiency Harbord at French and British had not been of the medical department he was where his division was resting. He able to add to their strength, most apologetic and thereafter was told of a marine in his division but, on the they were be- an enthusiastic supporter of the who had captured 75 German pris- ing reduced contrary, faster than the Ger- oners singlehanded. wisdom of the censorship. mans. The Fourth of July found me in Germans Attack Again. The German offensive south of Chaumont The French people Reims, July having been Referring again to my diary: there never missed an opportunity checked, the moment was favorChaumont, Wednesday, July to show their pleasure at having us able for an allied counter-offensiv17, 1918. Another German atin their midst and their appreciatack broke Monday. Our The selection by the Germans of tion of our aid to the cause. The ond, the Champagne sector and the part of the Twenty-eight- h principal ceremony of the. day was eastern and. southern faces of the and the Third, became a reception to the officers of my The latter counterMarne pocket on which to make engaged. headquarters by the local French attacked and captured GOO their offensive was fortunate for officials, both civic and military, the allies, as it favored the counterprisoners. Advised Foch that and the prominent citizens at the and Twenty-nint- h the Thirty-seconattack already planned. Uotel de Ville, This was an altodivisions are available at We shall now see the reason for once. gether delightful social gathering, the concentration of several Amers. Including a series of suitable ican divisions southwest of Five other divisions have speeches. been placed at his disposal Some of them were availThe spirit of fraternity that preable for use In the main counter-strok- e, Situation yesterday more favailed made it easy to respond. In General to be delivered by the vorable for allies. fact, on this, as often on similar to Third French Tenth army under Mangin. Bullard assigned " '' J"" MiriY1iiiaiL I found almost occasions, myself The American First and Second corps and General Wright to as enthusiastic as ' the French Fifth. divisions were hastily assembled to Not Afraid of Gas. conless speaker, though perhaps The intelligence services of all form the American Third corps un' In tent colonial troops with my effort. this war will But his the allied armies had been exerting der General Bullard. make their people more indeThe allies elsewhere did not for- every endeavor to discover the fne-my'-s corps staff had not yet been fully conget that it was our Independence pendent and she will lose her plans, with the result that for organized and these divisions, by trol over them." day, and messages came from Cle- some day3 it appeared almost cer- his direction, under discretionary I could not agree with Mr. meneeau, Foch and Haig and many tain that Ids next move would be authority given by me, became a view and said : "Mr. others from all over France. directed toward the southeast, on part of the French Twentieth Prime Minister, I think you are Yanks in Hamel Attack. , the right and left, of Reims. On corps, commanded by General Ber- mistaken about the British, and 1 Regardless of the distinct under- the evening of July 14 a French doulat believe we shall see them fully re- standing that our troops behind the raiding party from General . Form Spearhead of Attack. I cover from the effects of the war." British front were there for trainFourth army, then holding This corps then was composed of I asked: "What ing and were not to be used except that part of the line including these two divisions and the French Continuing, 's future?" in an emergency, the British made Reims, luckily captured prisoners First Moroccan division, which had "Ah! She will once more be the continuous effort to get them into who confirmed this belief and who a fine reputation, and was assigned dominant power In Europe," he re- their lines. gave the exact hour fixed for the to the most important position in plied. They planned an attack by the attack, which they said was to take the attack on the left center of the Australians for the Fourth of July place the following morning. Tenth army. The three divisions and requested Maj. Gen. George CHAPTER XLVIII Our Third division, still in line mentioned had the honor of being Hospitalization and completion Read, commander of the Second south of the Marne, faced the ene- the spearhead of the thrust against of three corps headquarters and corps then still in training, to perthe vulnerable flank of the salient. my between Jaulgonne and staff organizations occupied my at- mit some of the troops of the -Thierry, and the Twenty-sixth- , The line of advance ran eastward tention the lust week of June, 1918. Thirty-thirdivision to take part. which, as we have seen, had re- over the commanding plateau just were Twelve of our divisions At first the British suggested four lieved the Second, held a sector south of Soissons, and across the then either in line or in reserve companies, but later they wanted between Torcy and Vaux. Infantry main road leading from that place behind the French, five were in the number Increased to ten. As elements of the Twenty-eightwere to Chateau-ThierrThe First had recently been re-training In French areas and five the use of Americans at this time south of the Marne, serving with were in training in rear of the British army. Of those with the French, seven were concentrated in s the vicinity of and Chateau-Thierrbetween the French front and Paris. The British seemed to think the French unduly nervous about the safety of Paris, and that Foch was hoi ling a greater proportion of American troops behind the French lines than necessary. They believed "there was a strong probability of another attack against their front and felt General Foch was not paying enough attention to their situation. However, they probably did not realize that a e was contemplated on this front should the occasion present Itself. Corps Headquarters Organized. The First corps headquarters, organized In January under Maj. Uen. Hunter Liggett, with Col. Malin Craig as chief of staff, had become a smoothly working machine ready for active service anywhere, but events had moved so swiftly there had been no oppor tunity for the assembly of divisions. With the Increasing size of our army it was evident that a greater number of divisions would 1918 be aide to take part in operations nt earlier dates than we had Consequently, thought possible. 15-- 17 unP.q-1- 3 the organization of the Second, Third and Fourth corps headquar5oMiles 25 ters was nt once completed. The Second corps, Maj. Gen. with George Read commanding, Col. George Siinonils ns chief of was directly contrary to the arthe two French divisions on either lleved from the Cantigny sector, staff, and a limited number of staff rangement, naturally it did not side of the Third; the entire and was en route to a rest area. officers, whs charged with matters meet with my approval. It was scattered throughout the occupied a support position comof administration and command such a learned that behind Gouraud's front; the First Dammartin area, Just north of Having I to was behind divisions bined the attack division was north of Meaux, and Meaux, when it received orders planned, spoke pertaining (lie British front. The Third corps, to Marshal llnig about It when 1 the Second and Fourth were in reJuly 13 to move by truck to the . Wilin saw him Chateau-ThierryGen. under Paris he and serve near Maj. temporarily July 3, front. After a hurried departure . P.jorn-stadM. with Alfred liam The German offensive was the advance troops arrived at dawn my point of Wright, entirely agreed seems that General Read, launched on the early morning of the Kith nt the forest of Itetz for chief of staff, continued to view. It supervise training divisions serv- afterward, In accordance with my July 15, ns expected, hut It was forest of and niet with a surprise barrage put during the night the division moved ing in ho Vosges area. The Fourth Instructions, told General ltawlinson I did not want partly trained down by General Gouraud's artilcorps was temporarily under the that to the front of the forest. The However, corps chief of staff, Col. Stuart troops to participate. lery half an hour before the start. night of July 17 It went forward lleinlzelman, with headquarters at our troops had by this time be- The Germans' attack formations over muddy and congested roads, were thrown Into confusion and the columns of Toul. By the actual constitution of come fully committed to It. Alworking these corps they were expected though flip British chief of staff their force seriously weakened to their way to the Infantry front, where they soon to become efficient enough to had consented to leave oiir troops begin with. By evening, thanks arrived In the nick of time. to the strong resistance they enhandle units in operations. out, when he learned from ltawThe Second division was at linson that it would compel them countered, the situation In that ImFrench Hospitals Deficient. in reserve of the As to hospitals, when our troops to defer the operation, he informed mediate sector was not unfavor- First corps, recuperating, when the became suddenly engaged in the Read that no change could he able. order cume on the Hth to move by Chateau Thierry region we had to made without orders from Field Our Forty second became en truck toward the front. Dawn the he of could Marshal assistance who, Haig, said, rely largely upon gaged and sustained relatively July 17 found the Infantry and manot be reached, and so the nttnek the French to care for our wound lis conduct on the chine gun elements arriving at the heavy losses. ed. Although they had given us was carried out, as 1 learned the first and succeeding days brought forest of V'lllers Cotterets. The every assurance that hospital ar- next day. high praise from the French nrmy night of the 7th the niovemetit tothose General toad and commander. The fact that rangements for Farther west the ward the front, through the forest, operations his officers and men were keen to enemy crossed the Marne, penewould he complete, and without was made with extreme difficulty. exquestion did their best. It was get into the battle went far to trating In one place as fur as five The narrow roads hpcume jammed, t he mobile hospitals cuse him. It seems needless to add inl!s. He struck our Third divi' only through troops lost their direction and we had organized that we were also that the splendid behavior of sion, wlili b was posted along the was serious doubt whether there able to give our casualties proper the troops In the operation was n river, in n determined atlempt to they would he nt their line of dedecided littetitioii. argument In favor of force a crossing between Mez.v and parture at the hour of In extenuation of the French leniency. This division also afterVarennes, and the lighting became 4:35 a. in., the appointed lih. ftiiicrt to take care of our casual ward displayed the same eagerness Intense, some units of the Thirtieth (TO DE Niwjnper L'nlon. I d h Villers-Cotteret- counter-offensiv- Ground gained by German Offensives of June and July ilS July lMay27 - June6 May, o Forty-secon- 0l. Villers-Cotterets- 1 Mon-treu- aux-Llon- - 1 CONTINUED.) |