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Show CACHE AMERICAN. of Ft I OCAN. I'TAII ROADSIDE Ke MARKETING By T. WHY PEOPLE BUY AT ROADSIDE MARKETS National Topici Interpreted by William Rruckart Washington. No on ran watch Washington these day and not he am ted at the Ire-Creat Drive mendou driving for Recovery 'ort h"to T lug put behind aevrral schemes to awukeu tlie nation and get busine going again. It la aa though the war englues of powerful foreign enetr.y were poundsng at the fortifications marking the threshold of our country hhh. Indeed, I true, except that tlie enemy, depression, is and has been among os through almost four years. 1 think I can any without fear of successful contradiction that governmental activity is aa feverish, aa wildly unsystematic. If you please, aa any we observed during the trying days of the great World - A K 7 "71 I ' U e ?Lh,- - r :v t.v By ELMO SCOTT WATSON ITOMTK lli Travel and Traniqwirt liulMiiiif at A Century of Progress in Chicago la presented every day pageant called "The Wing of a Century." There, ncrosi the atage of u Greek theater, with the blue filer of I,ake Michigan aa a parade the colorful atory of the rotnanre of transportation in .America during the last 200 years. Indiana afoot, on horaebnik. In a hoe anil on dragging trnvolx lead birrhliari, the way. Close them pres-e- s the oncoming white man In creaking, lumliering twowheeled carls, in Concord stage coaches, in chaises, in Conestoga wagons, in steamlMints and can. mats. In fast packet boat and awift Yankee dipper ships Now the covered wagons are rolling out to Oregon and the (winy express rider dashes up and as quickly Kced8 away. The pages or history turn rapidly and the wagons and carriages are aucceeded by a new marvel, the horseless carriage," or automobile. And almost before man baa mastered this new form of quick travel across the land, the Wrights leap up from the sand dunes of Kitty Hawk. In North Carolina, and the dream of Icarus is a reality. Man Is now traveling through the air. In the midst of all this splendid pageantry of the conquest of water, land and air there Is one chapter which stirs your Imagination as perhaps no other one does. That is the Parade of the Iron Horse." Yon view nppreelntlvel.v the authentic costumes of more than a hundred actors In the pageant You are amused and delighted hy the pantomime of some of these actors ns they reproduce the thoughts and feelings ami actions of past generations of Americans. And at times you are deeply stirred as yon say to yourself. I am seeing histnrv In the making." P.ut when those locomotives, I rout Peter Cooper's little Tom Thumb" on down to one of the modern Titans, come rolling across the stage with ringing hells, pulling smokestacks and screaming whistles, then all, then! It's hard for you to stifle that little-hourge to stand up and yell' For In these black monsters you see the inventive genius of America; you see the symbol of the final conquest of the wilderness; you see the Instrument which first bound to gethor the broad expanse of these United States of America ; you see a whole century of the development of the machine age. The first Iron horse," paradoxically enough, was more horse than iron. The first railroad built in America for carrying passengers and freight was the Baltimore & Ohio. Chartered In 1827. It began laying the rails for Its 13 miles of road from Baltimore to Kllicott's Mills on July 4, 1828, with diaries Carroll of Carroll ton. the only living signer of the Declaration of Independence, lifting the first shovelful of dirt. (Incidentally, this historic scene is graphically reproduced In the Baltimore & Ohio's ex hihit in the Travel and Transport building) The road was opened in May, 1S30. In the meantime the promoters had been experimenting with various sorts of cars. One was a passenger car. (Such as Is shown in Ulus tration No. 1 above.) Another was a flat car fitted with a treadmill operated by a horse but upon its trial trip it came to grief a cow on the track upset it ! Another experiment, which was also unsuccessful, was made with a sail boat on wheels, called the "Meteor. Then the inventive genius of Peter Cooper came into the picture. He built a tiny locomotive with a boiler about the sire of the one which stands behind your kitchen stove and with flues niade of gun barrels. To this he gave the ap proprlate name of Tom Thumb nnd made some trial runs on the railroad in 1830 From this experience he reconstructed his In comotive and on August 28, 1830, the Tom Thumb" pushed, instead of pulled, a car with 24 passengers over the entire 13 miles of the road, attaining a speed of four miles an hour A few days later occurred the famous race between the Tom Thumb and a horse drawn car over the double track between Baltimore A Kllicott's Mills. At the start the gray horse leaped into the lend and held it for awhile. Then the puffing Tom Thumb heg.-tto catch up-I- t drew abreast the straining animal -- thei passed it. But Just as shouts of triumph went up front Cooper's passengers a holt slipped or the mechanism of Tom Thumb"! So the grav horse won the race to Baltimore. But despite this victory the officials of the new railroad had enough confidence in the fit ture of steam locomotives to otter a prize o' HfiOO for the best engine which should tte de ltvered to the road for trial before June 1. 1831 This prize was won by Phinens Davis of York In., a watchmaker! He called his locomotivt the York" but the pioneer railroad men took i, fj themselves. Therefore, throughout the government one finds today weary eyed executives, tired clerks, near exhaustion from tlie endless hours of labor. For example. In the agricultural adjustment administration and In the nation recovery administration, clerks are working in three shifts, and the executives may be found In their offices anywhere from sun-uuntil long after the followWhether you are ing midnight completely convinced of the efficacy of tlie various plans and programs, or whether you Just hope they may be successful, your admiration and respect for those who are trying to construct this new machinery certainly Is warranted. horse-draw- fair tablishing price fur the fon WI lT' lug what ta tantamount to a guarantee of higher prices for the things the farmer Through a aeries of produces. statements, Secretary Wallace baa repeatedly i thruied that the to the farmer mut be In every direction. Dr. Fred C. llowe, who a the consumer' counsel represents the aide of the buyer In the government's agricultural el up. made the announcement that be was going to compile weekly lists of prlee means of pro fur publication as tecting against the profiteer. From this arrangement It would be made to ppcar that there will have to be reasonable prices maintained everywhere on food coiunnxl-tie- . But observer here have been picking up numerous angle of the situation wblcb they believe contain elements of trouble. Doctor llowe, of course, will be able to gather price lift at whatever rate and in whatever volume he desires, ami he can get them distributed through the press and through the radio to the bulk of the people of the UnitBut the question that ed States. is being asked here la, wiial method la Doctor llowre going to employ that will Ox a price Just and reasonable everywhere and provide the farmers with all of the return promised themT Some of the more critical say there Is a likelihood that Ioctor Howe Is going to run Into a difference of opinion, what with farmers demanding more, added expenses furring the retailor to churge more and Die ultimate consumer with limited means of buying the things concerned. Of course, there can be no doubt but that tome retailers are going to try to capitalize on tlie situation and profiteer on prices. Doctor llowe la set to defeat them by the weight of public opinion which must be regarded as a commendable course. Yet, according to the concensus one finds In Washington, that which Doctor Howe announce as a fair and reasonable price Is unlikely always to fit tlie situation. a Nltnul-uneou.l- y In the course of negotiations between the recovery administrators and industrial rep-a Tough re.sentntlvos, one s of lhe Krut Problem was how to arrunge a fair basis for cuiiqieLition when different factories had such widely different costs of production. The highly efficient plant could produce at much lower cost, obviously, than could the plant that was obsolete in equipment and managed in haphazard fashion. The same situation obtains with respect to retailers. Chain stores with great buying power and the resultant advantage of lower prices are naturally going to he able to sell at a lower price than the independent store owner who buys In small quantities and has higher overhead costs. Now, . If Doctor say the Howe fixes as a fair price that for which the chain store is able to sell its goods, what Is going to happen to the Independents? If, on the other hand, the price level quoted by Doctor Howe approximates the price charged by tlie independent, then the chain store can and undoubtedly will get all of the business. It will make use of those figures In advertising the fact that the chain store prices are below the government price. Manifestly, that will be unfair to the independent But, I am prompted to ask, what' can Doctor Howe do about It? In announcing his program to establish fair prices. Doctor Howe said there were consumers councils being organized in scores of cities and towns. These, he averred, would help In seeing that no merchant profiteered. There can be no doubt of the fact that these consumers councils will exert a tremendous influence. Old timers here, however, recalled that the fighl during the profiteering against World war developed many nasty situations. tba dairy product main tilings sold over roadside mar will koto, consumer also buy fruit Juice, Junta, Jellies, preserve, canned good, out, popcorn, honey and auch unrelated tilings aa baskets, flowers, shrubbery, pottery and cratt product. fact are revested by the of thousands of pro In a durera, but more scclfh-allquestionnaire width the Mussnehu setts slate department of agrlcul lure aent out to 2,i J people repre renting a rroM se tlon of urban pop uliitlon. A survey of I.TtW markets along 2.8HO miles of first, second and third class roads la Ohio brought Weighty Problem in luifi IlMy'rf (Kttf n threoetoot iW Ill4 out tlie same facta. Ao4 fctf problem whirl pro oik, to RMMml m Mali acoko. Toe Massachusetts questionnaire Dm jhi tom Uvl was the groundwork for assistance PATBOM7B HOMK IS'Dl'STBYf which the state planned to give farmer who wanted to sell products of the farm, home and garden direct It was found, lo to the consumer. the r plica, that rnad-ddmarketing, expanding yearly, ha a promising future; THIS EEKS rUIZE STORY More than 00 per cent of the 2,090 replies to the questionnaire de Tto toatlag ooama la mm. Kerry clarv-that city and town folks re ttora Mr! a to a plnli4 ckaaco la full. ftiody tto (Uwmf ItrwUtM to ns roadside satisfacmarkets garded kilim Urt later mroniaui Buds with mmm tory place to buy fruits, vegetables, kiMitl lour morvtoats art ready la4 to tttlraif tto NBA tot to mm eggs and poultry product, dairy willing mm (tot ta ulmoet Impooeibio. Dftl tto Mrtktal, lap hto product, flowers. Jams, Jellies, pre- Uff4a. It all to him to mplnf mm tolp. kaatlf serves, fruit Juices, canned goods, goo Ap4 tto cirri ta MapWltt w toa a 4 cider and honey. Uooa automstiraily better Itomeetvo toirltwi Ttoro art yar Ikm Freshness was given as the rea Cm tM 4to InifratMiUia Itmluat, tto son for buying direct from the pro- lBifrMtaia Jebhoator um4 tto Uim 11 MV IfMMalP hnW UU ducer, with quality and prlca follow- YmimK). gfflff Tto A i4 vtot a parados! kill ttoaa ran Um birds, tto fflrtfr ing In tlie order mentioned. W will kffiaa tto tiff Ifftkr In keeping with this desire for tatormauauto atmeeptoro. K. JtavQtTfVrY, fresh quality products, 1,400 people Wendell. Idatot declared themselves very much In atufT. The rea favor of son la quite plain. Green fields, fresh with dew, and the memory of the tasty vegetables grown In the home garden, to suy nothing of FOR TIIE BUILDER fruit, are responsible. Sur veys made In Illinois and West Ylr LIMBEB gltila, where local towns and cities SASH DOORS MOULDINGS were Importing" many farm prod CLASS OIL PAINT net which could be produced loPLUMBING FIXTURES of answers the backs tlie up VALVES cally, PIPE Bay slate consumers. In Illinois, for instance, retailers Ketchum Builders Supply and consumers expressed themselves Then exieri-n- Saves the Day'3 wa tlie solution of the wrangle presented Id the strike situation. That was not an ordinary strike Its portents were nationwide It involved questions the answers to which meant the making or the breaking of the basic recovery principles. In the first instance, the most powerful corporate unit in the world the United Stutes Steel corporation was the government's adverI say the governments adsary. versary, because unless the recovery administration was able to reconcile the differences between the corporation and the union workers, the program of blanket codes and group codes and everything else was imperiled. Gen. Hugh S. Johnson, recovery administrator, could not get the warring groups together. He was ready to throw up the sponge. But he had one more trick In the bag, and that was to call for help from the President of the Unitthat trick ed States. Somehow, Whether tlie merits of worked. the case were with the corporation or whether they were with the government, the power of the government was and had to be supreme in the emergency. While observers here are not inclined to defend the steel corporation fully for taking the position it took, it can be said with equal force that most of them believe that there was real danger of infringement of private property rights. In tills sense, therefore, tlie corporation was within Its When it yieldrights In resisting. ed, It appears, it yielded not to labor unions, which had stirred up the trouble, but to the sovereignty of government The basic controversy involved in the steel corporation case was the question of company unions. Labor leaders, the professionals, naturally want to have all workers In the national organizations. Otherwise, the strike as a weapon is Ineffective. Being quick to see a vulnerable spot labor took advantage of the situation to llek the steel corporation which heretofore has permitted Its employees to belong only to company unions. In other words, it has been an open In view of these facts. It shop. seems to me that organized labor Is as much entitled to criticism as Is the greatest corporation in the world. Organized labor has been wielding too much influence In the recovery organization, according to the consensus here, and Its Insistence on advantages promises further difficulties. a 1. The Pioneer," a passenger ear built by the Baltimore & Ohio in 1829. 2. The Tom Thumb, built by Peter Cooper for the Baltimore & Ohio and given a trial run in 1830. The smiling passenger on this replica is none other than Amelia Earhart, the famous aviatrix. 3. The De Witt Clinton, which was run over the Mohawk & Hudson railroad (now the New York Central) from Albany to Schenectady, horse-draw- n N. Y., in 1831. t 4. The General, built for the Western Atlantic railroad in 1855 and made famous by the "Andrews Raiders during the Civil war. 5. Reproduction of the scene at Promontory Point in Utah May 10, 1869, when the tracks of the Union Pacific, building west, were joined with the track of the Central Pacific, building link be east, thus completing the first tween the Atlantic and Pacific. At the left is the Central Pacific's locomotive, the "C. P. Hunting ton," and at the right the Union Pacific No. 9 6. The last word In modern locomotives the Northern Pacifics giant No. 5008. Beside it stands the little Minnetonka, the Northern Pacifics first locomotive, built in 1869. all-ra- one look at the queer machine with Its drivers moving up and down In the air like the legs of a grasshopper and promptly christened it the "Grasshopper. But the York proved Its worth and ur late as 1883 three of these early Grasshopper" type of engines were still in service on the Baltimore & Otiio. Tills same year, 1831, also saw the beginning of another great railroad system, the New York Central, only in those days It was called the Mohawk & Hudson and it had some 17 miles of iraek between Schenectady and Albany, N. Y. On August 9. 1931, New Yorkers gathered from Tar nnd near to see the first public trial of a locomotive to which had been given the name of "De Wilt Clinton." in honor of the builder of Clinton's Big Ditch, the Krie canal, and which drew a string of curious looking passenger cars resembling stage conches. The "De Witt Clinton" was a wood burner and tlie passengers were so showered with sparks Troin the engine that some of them had hole? burned In their clothing, while others put up to ward off ttie fiery shower. When they weren't busy doing this they were trying to keep from being thrown off the seats in the conches as the train started, taking up the slack n the three loot chains which coupled the cars together, or stopped, crashing the cars together Finally the passengers had to cut fence rails and wedge them between the cars to reduce the hazards of this Journey. From 1831 the evolution of the "iron horse" was a swift one and that evolution is easy to visualize as one watches those other early follow the Tom Thumb" and the De s Wilt Clinton" across the stage at The Wings of a Century." Here comes the Thomas Jeffernamed In honor of that great Virginian, son, draw ing the stagecoach type of cars on the Winchester & Potomac railroad in 1S30. Here comes the Pioneer," built hy Seth Wilmarth in 1851, for the Cumberland Valley railroad (now a part of tlie Pennsylvania system) and the Thatcher Perkins," which Mr. Perkins built for tlie Bal timore & Ohio in 18G3 and which drew one of the finest trains of its time. Across the stage, too, puffs the "C. P. Huntington, built in lSfi3 for the Central Pacific railroad and destined to have a part on May 10, 1809. in that historic gold spike ceremony at Promontory Point, Utah, where was gnthered he most notable group of railroad builders In the world: for there were Stanford, Huntington, Hopkins, Crocker and the chief engineer of the Central Pacific, and there were Durant, Seymour, Duff, Dillon and the chief engineer of the Union Pacific; and. In an circle, were all others that had made the transcontinental possible; soldiers from Fort Douglass, Mormon bishops and elders from Salt Lake, Chinese from San Francisco, Irish from Boston, Mexicans from the Rio Grande, negroes from Dixie, Indians from the deserts and mountains and the omnipresent Jewish traders from many lands." Rounding ont the parade of the iron horse are such locomotives as the famous 999" or Empire State Express" of the New York Central which brought many visitors to Chicago for the World's Columbian exposition in 1S93 and which in May of that year set a new worlds miles an hour, and tlie litspeed record of 112 tle 1401 of the Illinois Central which hauled thousands and thousands of visitors In suburban trains to Jackson park, there to see the marvels of the worlds fair of 93. Then as a finale come the giants of today the Northern Pacifics No. 5008. the largest locomotive In operation in the United States today; the New York Central's No. 5207, the Hudson type passenger locomotive; the Chicago & Northwestern's freight and passenger No. 3(MS; the Chesapeake & Ohios Pacific type passenger engine; the Baltimore & Ohio's articulated heavy freight engine No. 7450; the Illinois Central's mountain type passenger engine No. 2412; the Pennsylvanias freight and passenger No. 8707 and the Rock Island's passenger No. 5000. They seem to be the last word In locomotive construction. But already those who guide the iron horse across the land are looking into tlie future and already they are planning a new type a stream lined train of stainless steel, made of three cars hinged together with not a break in the contour from rounded prow to enrounded stern, driven hy a large gine that burns a non explosive fuel and Is capable of making two miles a minute! From the little Tom Thumb and Its speed of four miles an hour to this , . . and all in the course of a century! g by Western Newspaper Union ) Prof. Raymond Moley has been detached as assistant secretary of state to have charge of the federal government's campaign against crime, especially kidnaping and It was the first racketeering. break in the brain trust," that group of professors with whom the President surrounded himself. Some weeks ago I wrote In these col umns the prediction that such a result had to come. It was obvious The professor and his theories can be used by the statesmen and prac Professor tlcal men only so far. Moley was of no use to Secretarj Hull in the Department of State after his adventures In connection with the London economic confer enee and the unfavorable publicity In as that the professor caused. signing Professor Moley to the Job of banishing crime, the President said later he would put him back aa assistant secretary of state. c. 1831. Weatera Newspaper Union. w rl d tti lilt home-grow- STORESmaKMM EVERYTHING tree-riiene- TSS a .. 7oadICR Tar ,S ' 4 V 4 W. 4th 8. Salt A West Roxbury S' . j Uli (Mass.) CRe resi- dent is the owner of two dogs whose pedigree he can trace back to a mastiff strain of the Fifteenth century. ASH TOUR DRUGGIST Its critical-minded- r y prob-lem- As n sample of the driving force that has been exerted and is being exerted every day President to a greater or horse-draw- d preparation for and prosecution of the World war. Then, there wa a physical feur which could be held up before the people aa a reason for united action. That threat cannot be employed now. In its absence the government la unable to overcome the Innate selfishness that must be largely overcome to make the general recovery program a success. In the beginning of tlie World war, It was necessary to strike quickly and hard at the enemy's military plana. In the curreut campaign, It la necessary to strike quickly and bard or else some business Interests will wait to see bow the picture la going to look In order to gain some advantage for bark-groun- partly-finishe- war. In such an analogy aa this. It should be stated that the federal force are now being subjected to more severe Influence throughout the land than they faced during the WI1IIJS fruit. vegetable.are Tbs lV(iartmetit of Agriculture hat Set for Haeif the big Job nf es- To Check Profiteering J. IMohrry FOR APES J PRODUCT;; L". lesale.s rlta.h Hazel Cream Witch(SKIN LOTION , AN INTFKMOUNTAIN PRODUCT Ml 'I d W fltfl An Inviting Display. willing to pny 5 cents a dozen more for locally produced eggs; and not sufficient milk wus produced iu the vicinity to supply consumers. Reviewing tlie compilation of the answers to the various sections of tlie Massachusetts questionnaire, It was evident thut roadside markets offer the farmer the opportunity to get a bigger share of the consumers food dollar, if producers will only make a little effort to grasp IL Not all of the consumers who answered the questionnaire are steady patrons of highway markets, but more than 50 per cent declared a preference for buying their fruits, vegetables and poultry products from the grower. Here again freshness was the reason assigned. This feeling was also carried out In opposition to buying oranges, lemons, grapefruit, bananas and such other tropical fruits at roadside markets. True, farmers do handle fruits which they do not produce, this practice originating with their acquiring better knowledge of merchandising, and knowing customers like to do as much shopping as possible in one place; but few handle citrus fruits. In every survey made, freshness stands out. In Ohio, where consumers spend 25 per cent of their fruit, vegetable and poultry dollars at roadside markets, freshness was given as the big reason why they went into the country for their products. Another indication that freshness and quality are the dominant factors In products to he sold at the roadside market Is the time of day when most sales are made. Convenience is mentioned because consumers gave it as one of the reasons they patronize these markets. Roadside marketing Is still on the inerense. despite general condl- tlons. Business Is good even though there may he less cars on the road. Individual purchases Indicate this; Investigations hy college author- Ities and the records of Individual farmers showing they range In average from 59 to 75 cents. of operating has shown a corresponding decrease, labor, one of the higgest items, being considerably lower when hired help Is necessary. The cost of other necessities such as packages and advertising vary with the volume of business. e . 1,11. Western Newsn.pes- Union Receivers Sale of Pianos and Other Musical Instruments At Receiver for Consolidated Music for sale to Company 1 have piano any parts of the Inlermountein West particularly in Utah( southern Idsto. nnd western Wyomm. Many of these instruments her keen repossessed nnd wiU bo sold for kol oners owmg or less. The old reliable Consolidated Music to pey Company is being liquidated creditors. Unusual bargains may bo had for cosh, or convenient time payments may to arranged at simple interest rates. . The stock of merchandise in the Salt Lake store is largo and complete, consisting of the finest tine of Musical Instruments on the market, all to bo Writs disposed of at sacrifice pneeo. for catalogues and prices. ELIAS A. SMITH Receiver for Consolidated Music Co. 15 E. 1st So. Salt Lake City Please send me full details about the new Frigidaire that uses no more current than one electric light bulb, and also the super models, II. BINTZ CO. W. SALT LAKE CITY All large naval vessels which pass under the Brooklyn bridge have to lower their topmasts |