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Show U U . S . , , Russia Fight Diplomatic Battle Truman 'Trlllnan Trlllnan ' Doctrine " ' Termed TermedPreventive TermedPreventive TermedPreventive Preventive Against Conflict ConflictBy By yBAUKHAGC BAUKHAGENews BAUKHAGE BAUKHAGEHtivs , . Htivs News At/a/ysI4n At a ysI4n Analyst / / snd and Commentator Cotntnetllato MNU \\NU NU ISNU \ Service Servlcl ' 1616 Eye Street N jI A , W , . Washington Washmgton D C CWASHINGTON CWASHINGTON CWASHINGTON WASHINGTON WASHINGTONThere -There There - There is no im immment imminent 1mmincnt mment minent danger of warl wart between betwcen the theUn theUn theUn Un ted States and RussiaYou RussiaYou Russia RussiaYou You ve ye heard that before and as asfar asfar asfar far as I know It is trueThere trueThere true trueThere There is a diplomatic struggle go gomg going going mg ing on betv beta between . een the two countries countriesthe countriesthe countriesthe the scope and Importance of at which whichfev whichfew whichfew fev few . people real1zeWhen realizeWhen realize real1ze realizeWhen When I say Important I mean meanImportant meanimportant meanimportant Important in m all senses but one- one onenh onehuman one-human one human - - " " ' " : which human : nh life a fera realshooting real ; - in inwhich In"I InI | shooting shootlng war is isimportant isI . . f : < , imDortant important Important . . Cer jw jwtainly .1 1 . 1 1tamly tainly tamly involved involvedare _ 4 4are are the other two twofactors twofactors twofactors factors in the thetrIruty thetrinity thetrinity trIruty trinity of rights rightsto to . which v.hlch vhlch Arnerl Ameri Arnerlcans Americans Amencans cans- cans cansbelleve - believe belleve they theyare theyl theyrrw theyare l rrw rrware are hell-llberty hell llberty heir-liberty heir liberty hellllbertyand heirlibertyand heir " - libertyand and the pursuit pursuitof of happinessSyr happiness happmess Syr This Thus happinessThis happmessThIs has beenclear beenclear been | ! clear to observers observersIn in WashingtonBaokhage WashingtonBaukhage Washington WashingtonBauthace Bauthace Baokhage Baukhage Baokhagewh Baukhagewhether whetlle whether wh e th e r tb they theymerely tbeJmerely e Y YmerelY , merelY look ? Withtheir withtheir with withtheir their eyes a at t the external eVIdence evidenceor or scent with news noses the currents currentswhich currentswhich currentswhich which are \ watted wafted afted over transoms transomsand transomsand transomsand and under the big oak doors of the thesanctum thesanctum thesanctum sanctum sanctorum of the sanctls sanctis sanctlsSlml sanctissemi sanctissimi sanctissimiSharp Slml semi SlmlSharp semiSharp Sharp words have tumbled over overone overone overone one another since smce the first verbal verbalbarrage verbalbarrage verbalbarrage barrage , which hich was the Presidential Presidentialmessage Presidentialmessage Presidentialmessage message of o1 March 12 1947 some somet t mes described as embodying embodmg ) theTruman theTruman the theTruman Truman Doctrine Doetrme May I remmd remind remmdyou remindyou remindyou you of a few of the barbed shafts shaftsm shaftsin shaftsin m in that message message7 ? The very existence of the Greek Greekstate Greekstate Greekstate state is today threatened by the ter terrorlst terrorist terronst rorlst rorist acb\ acb activities acbItles \ Itles of several thousand thousandarmed thousandarmed thousandarmed armed men led by Commun sts stsv.ho stswho stswho v.ho vho who . defv defy def ) the government s author authorIty authority authority Ity at a number of po nts part cular cularlY cularly cularly lY along the northern boundar es essa essaid essaid sa said Id the Pres dentOne dent dentOne One of the primary pnmary object ves yes of ofthe ofthe ofthe the foreign policy of the Un ted tedStates tedStates tedStates States is the creation of cond tons tonsIn t ons onsin onsin In which we and other nat ons v 11 11be 11be 11be be able to work out a way of 1 fe fefree fefree fetree free from coerCIonWe coercionWe coercion coercionWe We shall shan not realize real1ze our obJec ob3ec obJectlves ob3ectives objectives tlves tives however unless . we v.e ve are willingto WIllmgto WIllmg willing to help free peoples to mamtam maintain mamtamtheir maintaintheir maintaintheir their free institutions mshtutions and their na nabona national national bona tional 1 integrity mtegrJty against agamst aggress ve ye vemovements yemovements vemovements movements that seek to impose upon uponthem uponthem uponthem them totalitarian total1tarIan reg mes This IS ISno isno isno no more than a frank recognitIon recognitIonthat recognitionthat recognitionthat that totalitarian totalltarlan regimes imposed lffiposed on onfree onfree onfree free peoples by direct or mdIrect indirect mdIrectaggressIon indirectaggression indirectaggression aggressIon undermine undermme the founda foundabons foundations foundations bons tions of international mternatlonal peace and andhence andhence andhence hence the security of at the UDlted United UnitedStates UnitedStates UnitedStatesThe States ' > tates StatesThe The peoples of x a number of ofcountpes ofcounties ofcountries countpes counties countiesof of the world have re- re recently recently re recently - - cently had totalitarian totahtarlan regImes regImesforced regimesforced reeimcsforced forced upon them against agalDst their theirwill theirwill will \ 1IJ The covernment government of the theUDlted theUnited theUnited UDlted United States has made fre frequent frequent frequent quent protests against agamst coercIon coercIonand coercionand coercionand and intimidation IDtunldatlon In violation ofthe of ofthe ofthe the Yalta Yalta- Yaltaagreement - aereement agreement in Po- Po Poland Poland Po Poland - - land Romania RomaDla Romama and Bnlfaria Bulgaria I Imust Imust Imust must also state that thd in a number numberof of other countries there have havebeen havebeen havebeen been similar developments developmentsHe ( He knew what was in inthe inthe inthe the Hungarian Hungaria-n Hungaria n - cards ) One way of o1 life We is based upon the uponthe w will l of ot the majority and is dls dis dlstmgu distingu distmgu tmgu tingu shed by tree free institutions mstitutIons rep- rep representat representat rep-resentatve rep resentatve - - resentat 'e e ve ' government free elec electIons elecbons elections tIons bons guarantees of individual Ilb lib Ilberty liberty hberty rellgion religion erty freedom of speech and rellg relig ion and freedom from political op oppress oppress oppress press onThe on onThe The second way of life l1fe is based basedupon basedupon basedupon upon the will of a minority forcibly forciblyImposed forciblyimposed forciblyimposed Imposed upon the majority It re re1 reI reies I ies es upon terror and oppression . , a acontrolled acontrolled acontrolled controlled press and radio fixed fixedelectlons fixedelections fixedelections electlons elections and the suppression of o1 per personal personal personal sonal freedomsStrong freedoms freedomsStrong Strong words those-all those all those-a)1 a)1 a1 those - - all ) quoted quotedfrom from the Truman message ollgresl Words With ActIonThen ActionThen Action ActionThin Thin Then came deeds Congress 1m Ira fanplemented Iraplemented lemented plemented the President s 5 a mes sacs sa sage message messa sacssage ge by authorlzuit authorlzmg authorizing the loan of ofthree three hundred millions m1llJons to Greece and Greeceand one hundred millions TurkeyMissions to Turkey Missions were Bent sent ent at once to both bothcountnes bothcountries bothcountries bothcountriesThe countnes countries countnesThe countriesThe The United Uruted States concluded with withBritain withBrItam BrItam Britain arrangements for an n eco ceo econom ceomm econom nom mm c merger of their respective respectivezones respectivezones respectivezones zones in Germany regardless of ofRussian ofRussian ofRussian Russian ( and French ) failure fallure to go goalong goalong eoalong eoalongThen along alongThen Then the came expected coup d coupd etat in m " , which hlch the Communists Communistswith Communistswith Communistswith with the Red army backing backlng them themand themand themand and the aid of the Communist con controlled controlled controlled trolled secret pol pal ce cc tookover took over overthe overthe overthe the anti-Communist anti Communist anb-Commurust anb Commurust - - government of ofHungary ofHungary ofHungary Hungary Immediately there fol followed followed followed lowed these stepsA stepsA steps stepsA A message of congratulation and andsupport andsupport andsupport support was sent to the Premier of ofItal ofItal ofItal Ital ) Alclde AlcJde Alcide dc de Gasper Gasperl Gasperi ) then in the theprocess theprocess theprocess process of forming a government governmentWlthout governmentwithout governmentwithout Wlthout without Communist eo-operation eo operation co-operation co cooperationand co-operationand co operationand - - and against Communist oppositionNegotiations opposition oppositionNegotiations Negotiations leading to the 'un un 'tun tun ' 'untreezIDa 'tuntroeziny ' 'Unfreezing Unfreezing ' treezIDa troeziny of Italian property ( In eluding cludmg money ) in this country werl were wereannounced wereannounced > announced at lit the same timeHungarian time timenonfarlan nonfarlan ungarla-n ungarla n Hungarian - credit credits ; here for forsurplus forsurplus forsurplus surplus property supplies were werecut werecut werecut cut oft off There were Indloations indications Indloationsthat indicationsthat Indicationsthat that a loan earmarked for Hun Hungary Hungary HunCry gary * would be cancelled cancelledA A Uungirlan unga.rlan ungarlan Hungarian . Russian trans transport transport transport port company was told that Its Itsplanes itsplanes itsplanes planes no longer could fly Oy over overthe overthe overthe the American zone In GermanySenator GermanySenator Germany GermanySenator Senator Vandenbere Vandenberg made his hisrlngmg hisringing hisrliicme rlngmg ringing speech In the senate de deelarlng dedaring declanne elarlng daring that Soviet pressure on onHungary onHungary onHunfary Hungary demanded a * trial be before before before fore the forum of the United UnitedNations UnitedNations UnitedNations Nations The United Umted States pressed tor for set settlement setdement setOement tlement dement of demands on yugoslavia Yugoslaviafor for planes shot down by YugoslavIa YugoslavIalast Yugoslavialast Yugoslavialast last summerThese summerThese summer summerThese These and other steps which un undoubtedly undoubtedly undoubtedly doubtedly will be taken before thIS thISartlcle thisarticle thisarticle artlcle article is in print prmt and still oth others others others ers In the making makmg are part of a avigorous avigorous avigorous vigorous foreign policy pollcy by which we wemean wemean wemean mean to block Communist Communlst aggres aggresslon aggression aggression slon sion wherever It appears in the theworld theworld theworld world In other words we have un undertaken undertaken undertaken dertaken a form of positive activity activityIn In the foreign field the scope of ofwhich ofwhich ofwhich which has never been paralleled In Inour inour inour our historySupporters historySupporters history historySupporters Supporters of this policy pohcy ( the ma majorlty majority majonty jorlty jority of congress ) bell believe belleve eve it is a apreventive apreventive apreventive preventive not an aggressive stepThey stepThey step stepThey They do not bell believe eve it is a foreign foreignpollcy foreignpolicy foreignpolicy pollcy policy which von Clausewitz Clauses Clausev . itz the theGerman theGerman theGerman German military milltary authority de described described described scribed as something somethmg the exten extension extension extenslon sion of which is war They be believe believe believe lieve it can stop w will l not start mw miii mwtary miiitary milltary tary conflict Possible WarOf War Warof OF Extermination Extermmatron ExterminationThe The pol pal cy is based on this theory theoryas as nearly as I can absorb it from fromthe fromthe fromthe the peoole peoDle peonle vho who \ , ho knowUnless knowUnless know knowUnless Unless economic cond tions tlons are arerestored arerestored arerestored restored to normal throughout the theorld theworld theworld \\orld orld world \ chaos will result commu commumsm communism communism msm nism will engulf Europe and andeventually andeventually andeventually eventually the clash between com corn commun cornmun cornmun mun sm sin and democracy as we un understand understand understand derstand it . will v.lll vlll mean v . war ar bet betteen betteenRussia betweenRussia \ een eenRussia Russia and the United Umted States Since SinceIt Sinceit It now is bel beleied e\ e eed eyed \ ed that Russia w 11 11have 11have 11have have the atom bomb in from four fourto fourto fourto to ten years ( ct cf report of the President Presl Presi Presldent President dent s advisory commiss commlss on on uni universal universal universal versal training tralnmg ) such a war would wouldmean wouldmean wouldmean mean extermination extermmatlon if not of the thehuman thehuman thehuman human race certainly of civilizat clvlllzat civihzat on onas onas onas as we know ItGranted itGranted it itGranted Granted this is true the spread spreadof spreadof of communism in m Europe ( andelse and else elsev.here elsewhere elsewhere v.here vhere where . ) must be checked now be because because because becauseIt cause causeIf It If either France or Italy goes Red RedRussia RedRussia RedRussia Russia will not co operate in a jomt joint jomtpeace jointpeace jointpeace peace agreement tor for Germany and andAustria andAustria andAustria Austria Without such agreement agreementEurope agreementEurope agreementEurope Europe cannot be restored to nor normal normal normal mal Chaos and communism commurusm W1ll will W1llfollow willfollow willfollow willfollowIf follow followIf If Russia Is stopped in her tracks tracksif -If If - if we can prevent her from mov movIng movtag movIng Ing tag south into Greece Turkey and andthe andthe andthe the Middle East and west of the thel1ne theline theline l1ne line she holds at present from her herGerman herGerman herGerman German zone south through the Bal Balkans Balkans Balkans kans to Greece she will be forced forcedto forcedto forcedto to stop aggression in lD Europe forced forcedto forcedto forcedto to co operate with the western westernpov westernpowers westernpowers pov powers . ers for her ovn 0'II 0 \'II 'II II \ ' preservationThat preservationThat preservation preservationThat That as I understand it is what whatsome whatsome whatsome some people call the Truman Doc Doctrme Doctrine Doctrine trme trine It isn rsn t quite fair fall " to give giveIt giveit giveit It such an exclusive label v hen It Itnever itnever itnever never could have been put mto into mtoeffect intoeffect intoeffect effect without the yeoman serv ce cc ceof cco1 ceof of o1 men like Vandenberg and the theother theother theother other bi bl partisan support it has re recelved received received receivedThis celved ceived celvedThIs ceivedThis This does not mean that we have have'lost havelost 'lost lost ' faith In " democracy "democracy or its itsabIllty itsability itsability abIllty ability to compete in lD a fair field fieldwIth fieldwith fieldwith wIth communism It means v.e ve we . . are aregoing aregoing aregoing going to see that a fair field is main maintamed maintamed maintamed tamed that Russia will not be per permItted permatted pernutted mItted matted to create chaos or to draw on onthe onthe onthe the type of force and terror she shehas shehas shehas has used so far ( ( latterly in Hun Hungary Hungary Hungary gary ) to enforce her way of l1fe life l1feUpGn lifeupon lifeupon UpGn upon the world |