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Show LAWL WASATCH COUNTY COURIER 1999 | Courage are experi- far. more common than most people realize. It is important for us, as a com- enced by both men and women. They includé anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and compulsive overeating. All are serious problems that can have lifethreatening consequences. munity, to make an effort at supporting ‘and understanding the pain and- fear. that those with eating disorders experience. It is up to us to choose to make the difference. Z People with eating disorders must face Open House| oii Open LOU, Now se = Wasatch the at House _ City. West, directly with = = = = the government officials... out about current road projects 6 Find Bee addressed at this meeting include: ¢ Potential improvements at the River = = ° Help identity your transportation needs = — ee ae Le 4 _e Learn about statewide transit plan- | ing he : Road/US 40. intersection north of Heber Potential bypass road around Heber _¢ | | Ln » Transporation concemscctierated by the upcoming 2002 Whines | Olah ay. ae | e Discuss your. concerns Street in Whee Jager, he Statewide Poanme Engineer, will be hosting this Open | | | | House. % oe © Meet with Mountainland Association of Governments their The anti-gun lobby replies with studies _ by other college professors who used the same data and came up with the finding Wihenencs that more guns do not mean less crime. They are both wrong, and to see why, you will have to suffer through a statistics lesson. Not just any statistics lesson, either. You are about to learn about the Ecological Correlation Fallacy, one of the most difficult and least understood aspects. of mathematical statistics. Once you see how it works, you will understand why Professor Lott is full of it. ageregated ; owns $81 a The ee ge lem conclusion is obvious. of tell the ecological. correlations. Phe _ There is no way to know whether or not ageregate data will give the same results | as the individual data without doing the study on the individual level. Only the individual level data can correctly answer questions about the relationship between — variables “for - individuals. _ Aggregated i ae ae a data’ re “<ari tell i ys eee The trying to conclude how oe 1 2000. AiGoe: wee S data doesn’t always us nothing That is the ecological correlation fallaeth bias fore Ralls Ravces thai Gacy Miers what ageregate data may or may not produce results that are true for individuals. idents has an income of $2,000. Sol in individual level and ageregate level analysis, but that is precisely the prob- a Rolls Royce. Each of thie’ 27 res-- A interested I fixed the example to show how aggregated data can mislead, can reverse the | truth. With a little thought, you can see how to move some people from one town to the other to change the num-~bers to get the same answer for both rich people each have an wyret oe te are truth about individuals. a population of 22 people. City A has a river that divides the city in two. One bank of the river is a flood plain where 20 poor people live. The other bank of The second city is middle class. Nobody we individuals do, we have to use individual level analysis to examine it because Imagine there are two cities, each with lower individuals act from data not on individuals but on < 2om ageregated collection of data. | Professor Lott used aggregated data to the income, the more Rolls-Royces there are. Rich people do not Own , Rolls-Royces, oe people do. Go Over _elementary school math involved until try to say something about individual behavior. That is a ‘serious logical error; it cannot be done. Well, since he did it, it can be done, but no competent you see for yourself that calculating income and owning Rolls-Royces with ~ yesearcher would do it because it cannot ever get to the truth. _ city averages reverses the truth. This is the danger of the Ecological Correlation 2 “ ae ~Maybe Lott is right. Maybe he is wrong. Nobody knows. Nobody will ever know Fallacy. . e Improvements along Main Heber | C ning eet et eae | ; oe ee i states liberalize gun permit laws; more guns mean less crime. Don’t you believe it. Ger Shae ? e Participate in pedestrian and bicycle planning | 4 eee: b ie oo : eee Now eee ae look - the information about the indi- from his aggregated data. The sameholds for the critics who re-analyzed Professor Lott’s data and got different| Saale ek don* bee: GE viduals: poor people don’t have Rolls| | Royces. Middle class people don’t have on page7 continued BAKER . have Rolls-Royces. Qnly rich people eoshles 1 = ae ae county the ¢ Meet with transportation officials = a = | = a as —— time ideal who make. the decisions. © | Citizens are. inivited to: = in issues : transportation Heber vidual data is combined into data for some larger, non-individual category, it becomes what statisticians call aggregated data. The fee eeriee data ae ao false answer. when income of $10,000. Each of the two rich. : guys owns a Rolls-Royce. } for citizens to voice their concerns over , and income for individuals. When indi- down $1,000. The fig analysis, ownership goes the river is a high bluff, no floods, good 7 e an wi sa open | Senior rudy, Ab: ey h . Transit Sal leve! car sor, which purports to prove that crime view. The bluff has expensive real estate where two very rich people live. The poor people each have an income of oe Canivect ‘itt the Summit: County 12h at 6 30. b. m. ~ the Utah Department of fo teee will hold their Annual Transportation compared ing We ied Ms. LAoford’ S ici to educate the. public, especially — young women, about these diseases which are Faene orces are extreme expressions of a-range of issues from weight and food Oni PTeiioe it’s poor body image and the development of eating disorders. | the disease took guts. U DOT with we staph enh Asef ia. Making the choice to use her position to expand the public’s knowledge of : which culture, is an individual meaning Sy struggle with the eating disorder bulim- pain Our unrelenting idealization of thinness and the “perfect body,” is no doubt a major contributing factor. Girls who strongly identify with and who wish to emulate the ideal portrayed in the mass media are most vulnerable to low self-esteem, the public. Being a public figure isn’t for wimps. That is why we are so impressed that Ms. Langford not only chose to accept the title, but to talk about her to emotional disorder. This eT to The gun nuts make a big deal about a study by John Lott, Jr., a college profes- is aa eating is exposed columnists do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Wasatch County Courier. = SRE Peat 808. et Lo ate sli amc easy. Not many can take the constant scrutiny when every flaw mally associated with women’s pageants: ‘Courage. Being in the public eye isn’t Rolls-Royces. It is obvious there is a connection between individual wealth and individuals owning a Rolls-Royce. The opinions expressed by our contributing long-standing psychological, interpersonal, and social conditions in overcom- — ing their illness. Feelings of inadequacy, depression, anxiety, and loneliness may contribute to the development of an The new Miss Wasatch, Brittany Ann Langford, has a characteristic not nor- a. = Keith Baker, Contributing Writer sinha. Shows Gun Statistics Mislead — ke Ll SM EDITORIAL asatch New Miss a Cetphet i “Drastic. As in-just about put us out of business. Tourist traffic would use the bypass, It would turn Main Street into another State Street.” Max Mawhinney, Owner Swiss Alps Inn, Dairy Keen| but for safety reasons, for children in 7 particular, I see it as a bonus.” Find Chesaw, Ovi: | . = | -Heber Mountain Sports a “We're geared more towards going out — and getting the business, but it would definitely affect our drive-by traffic.” | Bruce gh Luke,os Manager — Heirloom Furniture| : cS “I see it as a double edged sword. Pe ; = | Sa) tess VBR Sa At Cee a Ae Rie ts ee a Pee oO ae ced ea ig dk pF tn BUGS EE oS NTRS Ds By 38 cote a = |