Show the indian empire tra 5 HISTORY AND people THE tiie MOGUL DYNASTY THE portuguese EAST INDIA COMPANY ITS RISE AND PROGRESS fROC ness BESs commercial MILITARY TARY AND POLITICAL POWER THE INDO BRIT ISH army ardly ITS constitution CAUSES OF REVOLT THE ther LAND AND wand SALT TAX MODE OF or GOVERNING dishop elshof RE 1 MARKS ac lair lying between the eigl elal eighth th degree and thirty Y fifth je dewree decree ree north latitude eoe coe an arelt area ared of t quare guare miles and jutting a trian gular shaped peninsular into the llie indian ocean lies hindostan hindosian Hind Hin dotan indis india or the ea east t indies lii Iti dips here rise iu in all oil their majestic pro proportions 0 ris its 25 feet abl above ove the level of the llie pea the snow capped hima laya jaya Moun monn mountains lains and here to too 0 rull roll the waters walord of the 10 sacred gai gat into which many a it fair fam fal ir vic vie tim lias has blui plunged ced ged lo 10 rise no more amid the tip ap 1 of a superstitious multitude one hundred an d fiely nifty agre gave fire millions of people inhabit abi 1 i diversified aud aad extensile tract of country as n mixed in mad man manners manner mannen verg vers language age ige and pill physiognomy us as can be bel bej found iu in any equal portion of the world the Hin doos 1 whose history stretches into the realms of table were the original inhabitants they seem to have llave been a simple industrious and ingenious people scrupulously adhering to their syi syl steni of castes and besides morning and evening purification iu in tile lie ganges a pra practice worthy of imitation by chris chrls ilan iian ni people in less sacred rivers appealing appe aing aig seeb spell the destroyer of all and looking after of hidei ion lon gods an and d goddesses they appear to have gared Cared care dibut but little who louled provided they were left jelt in peace deac p to io p pray ray i the lila Ilin doos fell an emy easy prey to p the mali nali mabom I 1 omme m edan a biti warlike ilire t tribe ri e oil on the nor noi northwest th est i i afindia of India and they in their turn to the moguls 1 who in 1526 1528 established their seat of I 1 authority at delhi deihl this once magnificent city cily co covered ared gred vred a space of twenty square miles and die in ins of its ancient splendor excite the wonder of the llie modern traveler the mogul dynasty was almost subverted by abe per lans ians and mid dependent nabobs nabors I 1 taking a k iha advantage of ibe the distracted state of the C country y set setup up for themselves to be III in turn subdued by inore more crafty and powerful power ful tul adaven jurers iu in 1498 the portuguese under vasco de gaina gama wasile first to dize decover di over cover the route to india around the cape of good hope established themselves on oil the tile coast of malabar and for a century maintained the exclusive trade of the whole coni nerce of the east trying lo 10 reconcile 11 gad and mammon they were supplanted by abe the dutch who devoted themselves entirely 0 1 o th service 1 of the latter and these were rapidly power arid and territory alien milen in lit the icar i year ear car 1600 the east india company was formed in england euland from that time to ille the pre this gle gie gleat t and wealthy corporation has swayed the destinies of india and as late events have called attention atten tiou flon to this ibis part p art of the globe a brief history of 1 is s rise hild and progress c wil wn not be v arhe e only object this company had in view at f first I 1 was to secure a share in the commerce of tiie tile country and by their craftiness and perseverance they oli oll obtain d the iilo liona iiona ilione lions shares share having havill havril step by step become masters of the entire resources of they first asked permission to buy the products of india and to sell these of europe then to build factories which they tiley soon converted into into armed aimed garrisons and in order to carry the blessing of oi civilization among this tilis benighted people they fostered native jealousy aft n ution dabob against nabob and in the end took advantage uti aci vantage of both they di guised their ulterior 7 views so well that in in 1715 we ld find them granted liberty to purchase thirty even seven townships ishi ra in addition to what they held heid in calcutta Cal cuta besides important commercial commer cid cia privileges ages which they possessed and had gradually been extended thirty three years after seeing heir their position irin and finding through umi tile native jealousy carefully fomented a favos favol favorable r opportunity lo 10 still further strengthen and extend their dominion they assumed military and political power in this struggle for ascendancy they had a competitor in F braice Fr alce aice i e and than ben hen commenced oil on tile teiei par carlof lof both thesel theses civilized and christian i alion i a siim series senies of aggression exactions ull uti and d butcheries but cheries that have no parallel in history it was then for the fi h st lime that the were instructed in european tactics and as country had bad no DO hold on their they fou fought lit tit for whoever paid them best J finally fili Fill aily the english conquered and ind by b y the he sword by bribery ibery treachery and confiscation r ruled u led supie nie accused by their own countrymen of having sold every monal rno naich cb prince and ans state in india broken every contract and guined every wil fil slate ate them I 1 ll 11 1749 ibe nabob of Tanji tanjore lre wa od ori a flimsy hamsy pretext at driven cli ili iven out for the purpose of getting soine io rau ran is territory and rest restored on making still further concessions s C they deposed in 1757 the nabob of 3 engal ani and stil atil stripped plied him of large a andrich ndrec h es alid and i ahat pei pet period iod lod down to the llie pi presentation esen tation of the hoh koh lobi i noor to the tho queen of f england in 1850 1830 lee the government eilt elit of ine ins east eaon s india company bai bas has bedea continuous scene of spoliation deception arid and oppression squeezing out of one fi hundred undred and thirty millions of ihie the unfortunate natives ps the llie enormous edor annual ilive ilire revenue nue of over too kOO mid wid and whose enslavement they perpetuate hy by an aminy of 01 00 men they lihi illo i deuced the bulk buik of tho population to til e t 0 of pariah the be better class ard indo british they ilg 1 outraged by their brutal and bully jn leanor see bishop he dle b bers WE enderie en denge denie and those filose of the natives es woo compose compoe e ho the bone and sinew of their im mense army they have treated so despotically ft jiz av rip tip no wander we sae see sea the he right arm aria of ell eil krota krola 1 I lri lui uia nia a iara rara ivi ivl alvi J upon the indian army d depends the file possession of british india itis it is compost composed d of til tit three ree distinct armed corps corpse lile ilie army of benzal bengal al the army of madras the army of bombay dombay the co component parts of which may be seen from the following summary artillery 15 native cavalry native infantry engineers Qu queen eeLlS eelis tro troop mrs 1 1 IL 21 1934 4 total the cot cost cf maintaining ins this enor enormous for a amounts annually to over 1 1 it will be the th e above abole that the or native indian troops compose 0 tl the ie bulk of tile iho indo british army urmy they are brave blake obstinate and supers superstitious titi ous clinging with w ith irremovable ablo tenacity to their peculiar practices of ell eil elagin eli gin i ji alid and resenting any in injustice ill stice or foroi t offe offered redl 0 o abor ahon prejudices with more than ordinary ond hess ness their frequent mutinies have left thel thee lh british indian possessions fit nu corli wor li a deais daib huis pui purchase and arid from late accounts may be ahat kilat be fie file this flik they have taken summary luminary ve vengeance I 1 I 1 an p those they look spon as a s aliens in blod lah language and religion aud and ilose liose milse keist peist toward their lic ilc esto s arg are are h keenly keenly penly remembered ilja it is not pot alone aloner tiie the eiarl made anade to 10 force lone the sepo to bite off tile the end of greased cartridges which in in itse itself f is is ili ill illing to his bis caste casle acts the tile strongest stion gest feelings of the native it I 1 divi but the cori coti conduct duct of bi rii ril i ish officers arld ami ibe the else east india company has been such as ag to 10 foment a genei genet 41 revo rev rei olt lt that the former have and with comi g hauteur rownds the troops and the latter with undue seventy towards aids tile the native population llon lion is s to be geen seen from lii e dei dep hates in iri parliament aud and the many mans published statement 9 of iriv triv traveler eiers elers and we mav may may expert a coni leation n of as long as injustice il i li ustice alid olid tyranny are practiced practised slavery exists exits to a ja laree large re e extent and a nd so great is thedis of the ibe natives they are arl arli obliged to sl sell their offering off pring to preserve them from starvation stai stal tation rile the file byots or cui cul tva 0 s 0 of the tle soil soll are reduced to the lowest bt rag nig point and between unbearable taxation orid and t filkil exactions e hive have scarcely wherewithal to fed ed and cover their bodies booles here is a picture of one of thae thad class drawn dian by the author of ancient and modern india the bergal dl rot ryot is de described bribed in en enslid land pa ns Ife feadin fe edin ron on i ice and add wearing a light cotton frock but the fact is lie fie lives lues upon course I 1 ice nce and anil dall detches vetches vet ches for glod vegetables and fish would be luxuries to hm h m his diess consists of a bit of a rag around his bis his loin and add a slender sheet heet called chadder ch udder H s bed is a chaise coarse mat nat and hi dwelling a low lev thatched loof his onla property ail an uncouth plow and arid two badly fed bullocks and und one or two iwo water pois pots callad latti latars liso a litile seed called bebej dhan dilan I 1 from early moin mom to noon and fro from m noon till sunset lie he toils and skill lie he is is in apper ance arce a hig hg gard ard poverty smitten wretched clied elied creature often tasting fasting for days and nights without food or having 1 ng only on one e in miserable is erab ae meal ineal i in n I 1 wenty wenty fo four gour u r li choirs oi o i rs the tile east ludia india company once had tile tiie power of pi event riling ing much of bf this llie miser misery but instead of sieve doing fo have only I 1 riveted the chains on the hots bots 11 and ll 11 js the tile condition cond ilin itin llin of over of people ina ina haild with milk and honey no wonder that millions of families in england have been riched enriched eu by the slavery of the unfortunate natives and no that they should try and arid rid themselves of ot so a degradation 1 1 deides besides ia the land tax lay lich which Nr ilch in ti times mes was fixed nixed at one sixth but anch under udder engi engl sh sli dominion has alcen to one 11 balf half allf 1111 bliele is the tile sail monopoly which raia rais s the llie or thi primary r necessity to ahr three times timea its value valkie rebY joicin the ila iia natives tives to use the most 1 unhealthy substitutes ane iffa irs of t the fhe ea east st india con cor company pan van are axe by alenty four foun directors nii nil rectors ivich a chairman man and ai d a board of ot conj control roi rol sitting in in L lindon ahe engish gov goi eminent tile tiie governor general under whose control olare glare are the of calcutta bombay madras at a d agia tile the relations wilch bich lich subnet leiv a vern wern til III the e company ad ai d and dependent states aie thus described T the ITIle comi company aily ally th defence of the tile depender t princes aga intall domestic or forca foreign n heis halls he hels is bound 1 on uie the other liand hand to cuter filter into no alliance alli ince with other sovereigns 9 0 ve or wi hoat taw coin coln parrys consent coi cot sent ard and a d he pays pas them a certain annual subsidy out of ot his revenues reve revenues hues bues for their protection while lie he g gnet goner net ally keeps up an army at tila tha sime simo time lime for lh tt t maintenance of internal tra t siuty in dorile some bases case in place bf of paying a sub subsidy ildy the tile preice cedes a p 0 rilon of liis lils terni orle orie cf whdeh the company draw the entire taxes baxes tile the company deepa I 1 resident P a at t tile stutt ct urt who vw is entitled to te malid marld an andrica at api ai y I 1 time lime and by 9 the company do in intact fd q r interfere pretty regularly in the internal of fit the file S ate yar in setti ig the s mcw sion to the tile throne 1 these dependent princes prine es are mere inere pi puppets of the com company panN thay they are aie usei ag tax aid pensioned off ff and arid thrones d at t pl aura a ure we liall hall conclude this sketch with willi a few jew remarks marks fr from pm B shop hebar and audo ando theis to show the social character of this extraordinary people this remarkable ce preserved their national character religion manners a is and habits of life for thou thousand and of years under the dominion of fort forn dornners iners ners they area temperate tempera tp friiz frugal aland nd hospitable people generally geneall y of a brownish complexion ex except capt the higher classes who ere ore almost is white teas as european the most extraordinary in the ibe ilin d doos oos is is their div division islon into stes thier ca castes tes tea and laiq it strictly enjo ed bythe 10 n that no transition a list lio llo ijo ardin frd LI odd ond one ode 0 o 1 ulel shall tale take place no connection between ahern by marria marriage e or any iny othe other r w way a y is is allowed and ind no in of the one al class Es ca can n assume the hie habits or engage in the he occupations of another even the difference of food is precisely marked out the three higher clashes classes are prohibited almog altogether e ther the use ue of flesh the fourth i allowed all nil kinds except beef all others are outcasts and may inay eat what they please 1 aj from flom oin orn I 1 his this may be in inferred berred the obstinacy of he file who belong bolong lo 10 tha higher cla cia classes sef ses in not touching greased os edcar cartridges car ridges bishop heber thus us uries urles of them to say thai that the Hin doos or are in iti any essential feature of it a civil civilized zed people is an shiell I 1 suppose to be made by any who have hav lived with wilh them their rn manners are at least as pleasing plea piea sing and cour acus leous as thoe tho e in the correspond g stations of I 1 ife life amoni anions ourselves bourst ipes ives the their i I 1 r houses are sire largle and full as its convenient as ours their archill architecture leture is at least as elegant t leant figr nor is d it true that in mechanic nie die arts thes they ane are I 1 to the general run of inferior nations nati dati their goldsmiths cold eold smiths and aud weavers produce as beautiful as us ouro puro w ri V they at aie e mott successful s of our patterns pat pdt terns and products icis a and nd the tiie slips bulit built by native art sti at bombay are nota piously zisi 2111 y ai as god good his ris s any sall eail from J roin london 1 or r liv apoi 1 another writer alays tiie W n ot of india are more intelligent and possess strength arid and thau than alte they aie bie are niso biso diore more proud j silou revengeful tind rapacious and theli thelt fidelity iyog js much alps l ss idled on oil byline by abe ibe british |