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Show 0 Yes or Answer No Does your watch toll the truth? If not, bring it to us at once, We can make it answer truly What time is It? Only experts employed. All work guaranteed. 'MAIN si UIU CJTl UTAH ALT Sheep Men Fm' JVv IV When you market your clip, deposit some of your money by mall, and let it draw 4 per, fifteenth of December, the time set for the formal adoption of ono of the most Important Inter national conservation measures that has ever been effected. Pursuant to a convention or treaty concluded at Washington on July 7, 1911, by the United States, Great Britain, Russia, and Japan, the fur seals of tbe north Pacific Ocean will receive for the first time a form of protection that has HE 1911, was J cent compound inter- est in a savings so count at the Tower of Strength ' d V J.- - ( The agreement prohibits absolutely pelagic sealing, or tbe killing of fur seals while In the water, and places the legitimate killing of surplus male seals on land under the direct control of the governments Interested. This convention insures the rescue of the bmds from commercial exdepleted fur-setinction; prohibits tne citizens or subjects of tbe contracting rfcers from engaging In a wasteful, cruel occupation, and removes a disturbance of International good- r. - will. Fur seals Inhabit certain parts of both tbe northern and southern hemispheres, but the most Important herds live In the north Pacific, represent three distinct but closely related species, and are known as the Alaskan, Russian and Japanese fur seals, respectively. Although tbe northern seals roam widely on the high seas, they always resort for breeding purposes to certain definite bits of land, and It Is this habit which gives particular nations property rights In them and has created several International complications. The Japanese seals visit no land except Rob-be- n Island and certain Islands of the Kurile ' chain; the Russian seals never go to other shares than those of the Commander Islands, off the coast of Kamchatka; and tbe Alaskan seals, after distributing themselves over the eastern part of the Pacific Ocean as far south is southern California, make an annual pilgrimage to Islands In Bering Sea. Of all the fur sells, the most numerous and Important are those of Alaska, which came to the United States with all the other resources of the territory when Russia ceded her Jurisdiction. The Alaskan fur seals have for many yers been tbe subject of protracted national and International discussion, and during tbe years 1910 and 1911 came In for an unusual amount of attention. In addition to the consideration received during the diplomatic nego- s i In the treaty already men- Congress has enacted a new law lating to the seal Islands, g new dispensation , has come In the administration of the Islands, and the government as represented by the Bureau of Fisheries has for the first time engaged In the business of taking and marketing seal skins. Tbe new dispensation" Includes permanent scientific observation and control of the herd, discretionary authority to suspend all killing, and discretionary power to lease the sealing privileges or to exploit them as a government . monopoly. The only land to which the Alaskan fur seals ever resort Is the group of small, rocky Islands lying In Bering Sea 215 miles north of Una-lask- a Island, the nearest land. These bits of bleak land have com to be popularly known as the Seal Islands, from their most conspicuous feature: but among geographers tbev are called the Pribllof Islands. In honor of the Russian navigator who. In 1786. while In the employ of a Kamchatkan trading company, followed the migrating seala and ascertained for tbe first time where they resorted. At the time of the discovery of the Prlbllofa there were no human Inhabitants. As soon as tbe Russians begaq to take sea skins they transferred thereto from the Aleutian Islands a number of natives to do tbe manual labor, and from time to time established small colonies at various convenient points. Tbe present population numbers about 300 on the two Islands When the seal Islands came Into our custody tbe fur seals thereon constituted the most valuable aquatic resource that any government ever possessed. Owing to the immyise body of animals present and the difficulty of counting with any degree of accuracy, estimates of tbe size of the herd at that time necessarily differ widely, tbe extremes being two million and seven million. It Is safe to assume that tbe number was between two and a half and four million, distributed on 20 to 30 rookeries At the close of the season of 1911 the Alaskan seal herd constats of not more than 150,000 Individuals of all ages. This appalling dwindling of the herd has occasioned much concern and has subjected tbe government to much unfavorable criticism,' because the government haa exercised full end continuous control during all tbe Intervening years up to tbe present date. It will be seen, however, that the criticism la not justified, for tbe reason that the decline and decimation of the herd came through causes operating when the seala were on tbe high sens and beyond the protecting care of their foater father. It Is furthermore a factYhat the government took active atepa to secure adequate protection for tbe seals when away from the Prlbllofs, and that Its efforts were frustrated chiefly by tbe results of an unfortunate International arbitration. Although the seals are easily killed by tbe methods adopted by man for their tton on sea and land, they are capable of withstanding great privation and of undergoing extraordinary muscular exertion. To maintain themselves during winter In the tempestous north Pacific without resorting to Yofa pjm J5AC&ZQ& i jGoa&xyatf osrj&wz criminate, was confined to bachelors, and bad IdZAND no effect on the permanence of the herd. Although the indiscriminate killing of seals In the sea had been going on from very early times, this business was not extensive, was conducted by natives using spears in tbelr canoes, and had no appreciable effect on the herd. Special Inquiry made by the government showed that In different years from 70 to over 90 per cent of the .seals killed at sea, either on the northwest coast or In Bering Sea, were females. What pelagic hunting then meant to the seal herd when so large a fleet was engaged, and what It has meant recently when the fleet was larger in proportion to the number of seals, may be appreciated when it Is stated (1) that for every seal killed and secured by the hunters not less than two seals were killed and lost because they sank before the hunters could lay bold of them, while many that were wounded and escaped died later; (2) that for every adult female killed on the way to the Islands In spring an unborn pup was sacrificed; (3) that for every female killed after the herd had reached the Islands a pup on shore was left to die a lingering death by starvation, and a pup to be born tbe next sea-so- n was likewise, sacrificed. The government was not slow to realize the damage done to the seal herd by pelagic sealing, and was led to assume Jurisdiction over the entire American side of Bering Sea and to regard as poachers any persons found hunting The seizure of vessels flying seals therein. the United States and British flags followed, and there arose a controversy with Great Britain. which culminated In the reference of the case to an International tribunal of arbitration that met in Paris In 1893. The award of the arbitration court was against the United States on both of the main contentions, namely, the Bering Sea Is a closed sea, and that the property right In the seal herd warranted the government In protecting tbe seals while on tbe high seas. Since tbe award of the Parts tribunal the CoWSHAJJD herd has gone from bad to case of the fur-seworse. The United States government early showed its good faith by prohibiting its citiIslands. Thla ukase involved Russia In a diszens from engaging In tbe lucrative Industry ot pute with the United States and Great Britain, pelagic sealing; but tbe subjects of all otbet In the treaties of 1824 and 1825, resulting were permitted to do so, and It was countries which recognized Russias claim to Jurisdiction tbe Injection of a new factor, Japan, that conover the whole of Bering Sea, Okhotsk Sea, tributed more than any other cause to tbe and other water Inclosed by Russian territory. decimation of our seal herd. From tbe outset tbe company placed a ra- Tbe l problem with which the United killed on limit tional the number of animals States government now has to deal presents each year, and In tbe light of later experience several phases. The most Important duty the it is evident that the herd would have been responsible officials have to perform Is to confully able to sustain the annual harvest of serve and Increase the seal herd. This inskins If these bad been taken only from tbe volves continuous care, study, and observamales. But males and females alike were tion; the determination of the actual condition slaughtered in ignorance or disregard of the and needs of the herd, and the application of polygamous character of the seals, and as early as 18G6 It was necessary to suspend the results of scientific and economic Investigation to the welfare of the seals. operations for two years In order to permit A scarcely less Important duty, and one that the herd to rccurerate. Is In no respect antagonistic to tbe first, is to When killing was resumed, however, It was provide a revenue and to utilize a highly useful along the same destructive lines, and the resource at the time when that resource poshost continued to dwindle unmighty fur-sesesses the greatest market value. This intil by 1834 its numbers were reduced to or volves the Judicious killing of the male seals of those present In when they are two or three years old and the the first years after the discovery of the Islands. The suspension of all killing for a disposal of their felts to the best advantage. A third duty is to ascertain what are the real term of years then ensued, and by the time needs of the helpless native Inhabitants of tbe operations were resumed the company officials bad come to realize that the females should be seal Islands, and to give them the air that Is best suited for their mental, moral and physiprotected, and later the sacrifice of old bulla and young pups was stopped. cal natures. Recent criticism of the governments policy The result was a remarkable recuperation of taking the skins of seals In view of the deand Increase In the herd that afford a valid basis for the belief that speedy recovery of tbe pleted condition of the herd Is based on deficient knowledge. The fur seal being a highly decimated herds of Alaska, Russia, and Japah polygamous animal, and males and females bemay follow the elimination of the factor reing born In equal numbers, It follows that sponsible for their present condition, namely, tbe Indiscriminate killing of males and females the conditions that have prevailed and still continue tbe number of males produced at sea. When Russia ceded her jurisdiction Is far In excess of the over Alaska, the Pribllof l herd had atrequirements of nature tained a degree of prosperity closely approachfor the perpetuation of the species. The preservation and Increase of the seal ing Its condition at the time of Its discovery, and we thus came Into possession of a reherd Is entirely compatible with Judicious sacsource but little Impaired and had a knowlrifice of a limited number of young male seals each year, end this Is quite as true when tbe edge of Its significant history to guide us In Its treatment. herd Is depleted as when tbe rookeries are It Is a cause for congratulation that no councrowded to their full capacity. When the pres-enc- e of a sufficient reserve Is determined try haa dealt with Its seal life In a more Intelby ligent, humane, and zealous manner than the responsible officers of the government.- - the United States, and It was a cruel fate that for utilization of the surplus males for their so many years rendered our efforts futile. The and Incidentally for native food Is Justified pelts and only occasion when there was any laxity In demanded by common sense, and fulfills the our administration of the seal Islands was durutmost demands of both the and the ing the first years of our possession, when the letter of genuine conservation. spirit If not a single male seal were government was still unorganized anywhere In to be killed the territory and various private companies on ths Islands or at sea the next five during landed rartles on the Prlbllofa and took seal years, not a single additional seal would be rklns without anv government supervision or as a produced result of that course. If not a restriction It wn In that year that the largsingle male seal were to be killed on the est killing In the 'story of the Islands was islands or at sea during the next 20 not made; the numner , skins obtained was proba single seal would be added to the yenrs 'that herd in 0(10, arwj may have, ably not less the lf th of re reached 373,000, lu.i this take was not Indls- stricted killing of surplus males Is policy continued art 32teAcx land Is In Itself no small accomplishment for animals. The females, leaving tbe Islands In November, go further south than any other members of the herd, and In December appear off southern California, where they remain until March. They then begin their long return journey, reaching- - the Islands early In June. Within two days of their arrival on the rookeries the cows give birth to their pups. Not until ten or twelve days have elapsed do they return to tbe water or take any food. Then, after washing and playing near the Islands, they make their first long trip to tbe feeding grounds, coming back to the rookeries after three or four days. Thereafter throughout the season the cows make regular feeding trips at Intervals of fire to ten days. The seals subsist chiefly on squid, but also on herring, smelt, salmon, pollock, and other kinds of fish, which are caught and eaten In the water. They have prodlgtous appetites and gorge themselves whenever tbe opportunity cornea. On the approach of cold weather, the rows and pups leave the Islands together. Up to that time tbe pups have subsisted solely on milk, and they then have to learn to catch tbetr own food, consisting of fish and squid. Inasmuch as the natural mortality among the pups In their first year la fully 60 per cent. It la evident that they experience many vicissitudes In the tempeBtous seas to which they commit themselves. The males follow shortly after, but some remain about the Islands throughout the winter In mild seasons, and tbe natives always depend on seals for food In December and January. Fur seals and hair seals have always been regarded as legitimate objects of exploitation, and aJl governments having real or assumed property rights In herds of seals have sanctioned their killing, under restriction, for fur, leather, oil, food, etc. Beginning In 1786 and continuing until the sale of Alaska, Russians were almost continuously engaged in killing fur seals on the Pribllof Islands. In the earlier years there was a promiscuous scramble among rlvgl companies. so that to maintain order and properly regulate the taking of seals the government was forced In 1799 to give the privilege to a single company, created by Imperial decree and having among Its shareholders members of tbe Imperial family and the nobility. This association, known as the company, enjoyed a monopoly of this business An as long as RubbIs bad control of Alaska ukaae issued by Alexander 1 In 1821 for the regulation of the company had as one of Its features the prohibition of foreign vessels within 100 miles of the Russlnn coasts and RusBlan-Amerlca- n Alter experimenting with many make of Inro. we And that the Cyphers, Jubilee, and Buckeye are the beet poaelble machine In tbit tnterniouutain country. Price Irom tstoltt. Poultry Catalogue tree. baton, iA'' years tioned- Salt Lake City INCUBATORS been shown to be absolutely tiations resulting Walker Brothers Bankers Send for Booklet. necessary, and Is by these four great powers for a term of 15 guaran-antee- . fur-sea- th un-de- Vogeler Seed Co., Salt Lake City RUPTURE Seeley Spermatic Shield Pad Do You p The Croove Exclusive Agsnts for Seeley's Spermatic Shield Truss to the Czar of Kula and now uied and approved by the Cnlted State govern- A fitted ment. Our truns filter at our No. 1 (tore, Becond South and Went Temple, who waaas-lolcatc- d with Dr. Seeley while In thla city. It equipped to handle the moHt obtlnate case. Correspondent Solicittd, Schramm-Johnso- n Drugs Tbe Never Subiiiinlort Sail Labt City Five (5) Good Store A POSITIVE and PERMANENT CURE FOR Drunkenness and Opium Diseases. Hit. k a paklicity, a rickam. I atm trfatrd a. ka .w. Iwmi. THE KEELEY INnvataly STITUTE, 334 W. Saalk TmJ. Stmt, Sak Laka City u tbr SEEDS Good Beedn.th true inundatin ol good crop. Our Seed Bobk tell ol the beat teed and varle-tle- a that you can grow in thla we tern country. Our book la tree; a poatal card will bring you a copy. Better aend that postal today. Vogeler Seed Co., Salt Lake City Prosperity for One Benefits Others The size of the Fruit Crop in this 'section materially affects every industry doing business in this territory. For this reason we are paying particular attention to our Frost Warning Service. United States Weather Bulletins will be furnished our subscribers accurately knd promptly and dangers to the crop from frost blight reduced to a minimum. No extra charge for this service. Are you prepared to receive these warnings at your place? If not, sign a contract now?, and avoid vain regrets later. For late and tervice call lb seaiert local manage. fur-sea- ' i ,rMt i The Intermountain States Telephone and Telegraph Co. POTATOES Pntotno are a profitable crop, and good need Blmnliilely necoary (rum a hint) altitude. " recently hmipht ten eareul Montana ami Id1"' the following variety: HH early Triumph, Kurly Turly Ohio, Idaho Kurulit, txuiia, Hu,.,. i,, all pit,, ,iclihl"l price a i 'cut, per pound, order early and grn Ke. |