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Show THE RICH COUNTY REAPER, RANDOLPH, UTAH RICH COUNTY REAPER SUBSCRIPTION Advance $2.00 Per Year Wra. E. Marshall, Editor and Pron. nutter Feb. Entered as second-clas- s 8, 1929, at the post office Randolph, Utah, under the Aot of Mar. 3. 1899. THE FINE WATER PLANT n B; Y. U. Birth Observed Open Subsoil Best Honeybees Help for Growing Apples Apple Orchard FEAR BLACKLEG EPIDEMIC Successful Fruit Grower Needs Apiary as Well in beauty wellsvilleUTAHwins as Fruit Trees. LADY LAWYER ANOTHER LOANS ARE DECREASING STATE FFAIR LOSES SPROUTED. OATS 1 To be able to do their best work, honeybees that help to pollinate in American Fork The completion of fruit blossoms must be thoroughly the $200,000 waterworks program , of protected through the winter and state spring, must have prolific- queens, must American Fork city and th soon. The have enough room for rearing a large Is school expected training brood, and must be allowed an abunwater system, which is nearing comin the spring dant supply of honey and pollen pletion, was begun early brought over from the previous year. as a joint effort of the city of American Fork and the state training school So says Prof. E. F. Phillips of the located north of the city. Water from Cornell university experiment, station, American Fork canyon is to be brot who points out that the trult grower does not Interested In about seven miles to augment the presIn beehives a need number of great to and ent supply for the city provide coloso Lis much as orchard, strong culinary water for the state school. nies at bis service. Ogden Papers pertaining to the Some Bee Problems. $75,000 refunding bonds, bearing 44 the If fruit grower Is to be a beeissued the cent by being interest, per also, according to Professor Ogden city board of education, have keeper Phillips, certain problems will con-- , been filed in the office of the county clerk. It is shown that Ogden has a front him. He will have to prevent or control swarming. He will need population of 42,000; that there are to make provision for wintering the the between children the in 11,357 city bees in a special cellar, or outdoors 18 value 6 ; the and that of years ages of all taxable property in the city is in hives heavily packed against cold. Several diseases, such as American $60,000,000; that the assessed valuafoulbrood. have to be guarded against, tion of the school district is $46,671,017 ; effn get inspection but the orchardist that there is no floating indebtedness from the state. Against the in the district and that the total bond service from dusting, a issue of the district, including the danger of poisoning . exists largely because that danger $75,000, is $828,000, fruit growers apply dusts at the Wellsville E. O. Larsen, reclamawrong time, he must be constantly tion engineer, announces that drilling watchful. operations to reach bedrock in Ogden Problems Discussed. river at the Pine View site had been A bulletin by Professor Phillips disholes had Three stopped temporarily. been bored just above the point where cusses these problems as well as the Wheeler creek empties into Ogden distribution of colonies in the orchard, river. In the center of the canyon the permanent location of the apiary, bedrock was struck at 140 feet; on the and the comparative advantages and north side at 118 feet and on the disadvantages of ' renting, or owning bees. Those who wish to know more south side at 54 feet. about honeybees for the orchard may Salt Lake City The new veterans' this bulletin by writing to the get be built in will for Utah this hospital office in Roberts Hall, city. The hospital is expected to cost publications of Agriculture, Itbaca, N. Y., College $400,000. Salt Lake City Admission to the and asking for Utah bar was granted to the second woman applicant of the year recently Pear Blight Confronts when Miss Madge Lee Guard of WashOrchardist in Autumn ington, D. C., and formerly of Salt Leaves that fail to fall in autumn Lake City, was formally Entered as will be the orchardists assurance that an attorney of the supreme court. pear blight confronts him In the worst Brigham City Crashing headlong Into the side of a Central recurrence of the bacterial disease since 1914. The new epidemic Is railroad passenger train, Tamo strongest In the eastern half of the 35, Japanese of Ogden, was instantly killed in a railroad crossing United States, but extends from coast to coast, says Dr. M. B. Waite, prinaccident Salt Lake City Passibility that cipal pathologist of the bureau of autoists 'will be required to pass an plant Industry, United States Departexamination for license before being ment of Agriculture. It is the queer retention of dead allowed to drive in Utah, was seen toleaves by which farmers and orchard-ist- s day as further investigation into the will spot diseased branches and bill proposing this reform was being work. The dismade by Mil top H. Welling, secretary twigs In their clean-uof state. A uniform drivers and ease also attacks apple trees and quinces. The best control methods chauffeurs license bill will be presenare cutting off and burning the disted to the 1931 state legislature. branches and cutting out affecteased Cedar City Mrs. Onita Thorley in the bark of limbs and areas ed Dunbar of St. Louis, Mo., daughter of should be taken that all Care trunks. Mr. and Mrs. Robert A. Thorley of wounds made by them tools and the Cedar City, is an accredited aviatrix, disinfected be by a solution of corhaving recently graduated from the to prevent spread of sublimate rosive Von Hoffman flying schood at St. the disease. Louis. Mrs. Dunbar made her - ARE EXCELLENT Care Must Be Exercised That Hulls Do Not Impact. cross-pollinatio- n Sprouted oats make an excellent poultry food. When sprouted oats are fed, whole oats can be left out of the scratch grain with advantage. In feeding whole oats, the hulls often cause Impacted crops and death ensues. When the oats are fed sprouted no trouble along this line will be experienced. In sprouting oats a temperature of at least 55 degrees is required. The growth will be more rapid If the higher temperature Is provided. Oats can be sprouted in the dark If the temperature Is right If sprouted In a dark room, the top growth will be light In color, but one day's exposure to light and air will give the green color. A method of sprouting oats Is as follows : The oats are soaked In water for hours. An Inch layer Is. twenty-fouthen spread out in shallow trays or racks. The trays must have good drainage. If the drainage is poor the oats will mold and are then unfit for feeding to the birds. Twice a day the oats are sprinkled with warm water. In a week or ten days, depending on the temperature, of course, the oats will be three Inches thick and will have a top growth of four or five r Inches. A block a foot square makes a sufficient dally feed for 50 hens. Grain Supplements Are Needed by Laying Hens Laying hens must have their rations of whole and ground grains supplemented with protein concentrates, otherwise they will be loafers and not layers due to no fault of the hen but the feeder. The most common method of balancing the ration Is to feed a protein concentrate of animal origin, such as meat scraps, tankage (which Is a similar product), or milk in some form. The common method of feeding meat scraps or tankage is to mix It with bran, shorts, and cornmeal, using about 20 pounds of it to 100 pounds of the mixture. This should be kept before the hens all the time In open hoppers, the daily allowance for 100 hens being seven to eight pounds dally and more If they will eat It. This mash, due to the meat, stimulates egg production and Is an old tried practice which has proved economical. Keep Poultry Houses Warm During Winter It Is important for egg production that the poultry house be kept reasonably warm and well ventilated. Heavy paper or half-plroofing and matched siding outside of studding, paper and sheathing, commercial Insulation and plaster, or plaster base and stucco Inside, and sawdust, gravel, chopped hay or straw between stnddings to break up the air space, makes a frame house warm. Concrete, concrete block, or clay block wails need an air space filled with commercial insulation, granulated cork, or sawdust to keep frost off the walls. Furring on the inside with lath and cement stucco also makes a warm house, or commercial Insulation can he fastened directly to the Inside of the wall and then plastered. y hHlHH"I"H"I"I'-II"- "I Utah-Idah- o Isha-gim- i, p first solo flight in 10 hours, a feat that few men have accomplished. Cedar City A meeting of representatives of the various clubs and civic organizations of Cedar City was held recently in Dr. M. J. MacFarlane's office to organize a Cedar City branch of the Utah Motor Safety league, the object of which is to prevent motor vehicle accidents and the death toll from this cause. Provo The city commission will be asked to change the present license ordinance. The practice of issuing licenses to traveling merchants, who come into the city along toward the holiday period and secure trade which is claimed by the local merchant, is the objection raised by the Provo business men. The cost of securing u license for this- - period, which is the cream of the year, is negligible, while the loever-increasi- cal merchant must pay a high rate for his license, is is asserted. Salt Lake City Loans and discounts in the eighty-fou- r state banking institutions of Utah have decreased from $91,648,255.49 as of September 28, 1929, to $90,162,827.15 on September 27, 1930, it is shown in the quarterly consolidated statement of the State Bank Commissioner. The call includes seventy-sevecommercial banks, our trust companies and three savings banks operating under state charters. American Fork Following the reorganization of the Alpine district committee, part of thq Timpanogos council, Boy Scouts of America, John L. Firmage, finance committeeman, announces that the annual fund drive in this district has begun. The 1931 allotment for the Alpine district was put at $550, a slight increase over the 1930 figure. Gate receipts were $23,180, compared to $37,329 for last year. Inclement weather was advanced as the reason for the lower figure. year-rouq- d Poultry Hints 1 l,il"l"H..H,h,H-H"Il"lH-H"lI"I"l- -I Guineas are noisy enough to scare away poultry thieves. If pullets start to lay too soon they will seldom be fully feathered or full grown. n If the pullets are Infested with body lice and intestinal parasites, treat the birds before they start to lay. Heavy feeding before the pullets are placed in winter quarters gets them in shape for laying during the winter. Many poultry raisers seem to think the oats should be sprouted as long as they will continue to grow before being fed. , ' , t Direct sunlight and green feed are the final factors determining the of eggs from healthy, vigorous, properly mated fowls. hatch-abilit- y Commands Moisture . and Plant Food Necessary. (Prepared by the United Stetea Department With thousands of acres of land well suited to apple growing lying Idle, many growers in the Ozark region of southwestern Missouri and northwestern Arkansas are trying to produce apples on land that is not adapted to the purpose, according to A. T. Sweet, of the United States Department of Agriculture. The situation arises from the fact that apple trees do not grow well, produce abundantly, or live as long as they should on soil that has a tight il subsoil. Where there la an open roots the trees send their deep down Into it for moisture and plant food. In order to make use of the level areas, growers have often selected orchard sites which have a tight subsoil when there was plenty of the more desirable land near by. In a study of the relation between subsoil conditions and growth of apple trees in the Ozarks, Mr. Sweet found that a tree often commands the moisture and plant food of at least 5,1)00 cubic feet of soil if the subsoil is open and porous. He also found that root diseases are in many places an accompaniment of bad subsoil conditions.' sub-ao- twenty-year-ol- d Rye Sown in Fall Is Only Crop for Manure Rye is about the only crop that may be sown in the fall to be plowed under for greeD manure the fallowing spring. If rye Is sown immediately it will furnish considerable pasture this fall and again next spring. The best way to get the crop back on the land for the benefit of soil fertility is by grazing and the dropping of manure, rather than by plowing the crop under. Whatever is left of the rye after grazing next spring should of course be turned under,, but the growth should be either kept down by the stock or should be plowed when it Is not more than ten or twelve inches tall. A rank growth of rye plowed under ahead of corn leaves the land so loose and porous that the corn crop Is likely to suffer unduly from drought. Plowing Garden During Late Fall Proper Plan While it will be far better to plow the garden in early fall than to wait until spring, it seems even better to plow in late fall than early fall. If the ground Is plowed just before It freezes up for the winter, a large proportion of the grubs, cutworms and the like will be brought to the surface of the ground. There will be little or no time in a normal season for these pests to burrow deeper into the ground. Alternate freezing and thawing near the surface results in higher mortality among these pests. And then while you are plowing, turn the poultry into the garden area. Birds and poultry make enormous inroads on insect population when given half a chance at plowing time. Fair Price for Silage Hard Matter to Figure Application of Spray Because silage does not enter genfor All Scale Insects Into trade, there is no widely erally accepted method of figuring its value. Such a plan would be helpful, however, since silage Is one of the leading cattle feeds and is often sold in quantities to neighbors, by farmers who have a surplus. Analysis shows that good corn silage contains nutrients, by .weight, as high grade mixed hay. In this case a fair price for silage can he computed by taking a third of the market price per ton for hay. If the price of hay is unusually low or high, the value of silage may be figured by allowing from four to five bushels of grain, and about 500 pounds of dry stover per ton of enThis price will usually comsilage. pare closely with that obtained by the price of bay. taking Because of more favorable weather conditions, many who - have found it necessary to spray for scale apply the dormant spray in the autumn rather than waiting until spring. Of course the past season has, In most localities, been particularly free from San Jose scale and most other scale insects. The extremely severe weather of last winter has 'resulted in this comparative freedom from scale in most of the north central states where San Jose must be feared. Yet it pays to examine the orchard carefully, for a light infestation may be checked more easily and with less damage to the trees than a heavier one Fall plowing is a good way to start to get rid of wild onions and garlic. The Purdue experiment station has made the following recommendations as to farm practices in eradicating these weed pests. Start the work in the late fall by plowing during the first two weeks in November in such a manner as to turn the garlic tips completely under while at the same time exposing the bulbs to frost A jointer on the plow will be found useful. Fall plowing not only destroys the weak sprouts that arise from the seeds, but it also eradicates the plants that spring from the soft bulbs. Leave the land rough over winter. Plow again the following spring. This will destroy many of the hard-bul- b plants. later on. ED HOG LOSES OUT Feeder Should Select Breed ; He Likes Best ' ; . ; Usually the best breed of hogs tor any one man is the breed that . he likes beat It Is the type of the Individual hog of a breed that is more Important than the breed Itself, exi plains J. P. Wlllman of the New York State College of Agriculture. Thirty or more years ago the wide, type thick, showing extreme refinement were In demand. Some still prefer this type, but It has been replaced by a type that has proved more profitable. The pig took too long to market reach weight, Mr. Wlllman says. The present-datype of hog has Ox long legs, and large body, length but not coarse bone. It should have in addition good depth and capacity of the chest and middlq to insure constitutional vigor and good feeding somequalities. Thf long, what leggy type of sows produce and raise good Utters. Also the long, somewhat narrow-bodieleggy, weanling pig with plenty of bone makes rapid and economical gains. The type can easily be carried too far, however, and develop the gun barrel" type of bog. Sometimes the rangy boar ir criticized, but usr r he will sire the kind of pigs that will get to the market before the average run of pigs and prove profitable to the feeder. short-bodie- short-legge- d d, y deep-bodie- To Keep Animals Free From All Parasites Clean herds, clean ground, dean stables, clean barns, clean pastures, properly drained, are the chief weapons to keep animals free from parasites. Plowing and cropping are measures that farmers should employ In their operations with the idea of fighting parasitic menace. There Is no better way to disinfect the soil than by plowing. Overstocking should be avoided. Even though the pastures are rotated, overstocking concentrates the infection and Increases the danger of the parasitic menace. The time to fight parasitic diseases Is before they appear. Careless methods which repeatedly expose susceptible animals to polluted and Infected soil, may ultimateThe ly bring on parasitic diseases. McLean County system of swine sanitation has done a great deal in the control of worms In swine, as well as other diseases. Sheep and poultry sanitation programs are merely simple procedures to avoid parasites. Every Beast and Fowl Favors Its Own Vermin An expert on lice can tell the kind of bird or animal that acted as host to the louse by examining the louse, for every bird and beast has Us own particular sorts, says F. H. Wilson of the department of entomology at Cornell university. The old Idea that the cattle were infested with lice because the chickens roosted in the cow stable is false, he says. It is not bard to imagine the differences presented to a louse used to crawling and dodging among feathers wben it suddenly finds itself In a forest of hairs. Their feet are not adapted for crawling on hairs any more than those of a dog for climbing trees. , The cattle get their lice from cattle, the sheep from sheep, and turkeys from turkeys, according to Mr. Wilson. r FarmHMI one-thir- d Late Fall Plowing to Kill Onions and Garlic OLD-FASHION- of Agriculture.) Hog cholera has no cure and must be controlled by prevention. Cornell university has nearly 500 hens that lay 200 to 300 eggs in a year. Shipments of vegetables to city markets by freight are Increasing more than are truck shipments. A green manure crop can often be planted at the last cultivation of sweet corn, tomatoes, and cabbage. Hessian fly infestation has Increased New York state this year. Watch ' e for the sowing dates. In fly-fre- Live Stock Facts Dont let animals go thirsty. Dont forget to salt all animals regu- larly. Dont feed frozen, moldy, or spoiled silage. feed milk from tuberculous . Dont cattle to your animals. Dont allow pregnant breeding mals to become too fat. ani- The number of calves raised per 1,000 cows Is increasing. Dont feed animals of widely different ages and sizes in tLe same pen or lot 0 Thoroughly repair, clean, and disinfect all laying houses before the pullets are confined to winter quarters; Dont let strong and aggressive animals rob the weak of the proper amount of feed. |