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Show THE PROGRESSIVE OPINION 'When Will War End?' Nation's No. 1 Question Ruhr Valley Bombings Seen as Concrete Evidence of Germany's Inevitable Defeat; Aviation Expert Revises Estimate. By BAUKIIAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, Union Trust Bui'uling Washington, D. C. Today Washington, deep as it is in the problems of the moment on the home front and along the seething d sectors where our men are fighting is more deeply conscious of the future than ever before in history. And that feeling is clearly reflected in every town, city and cross-road- s in the country. The letters I receive express this Interest in tomorrow, the many polls on post-wa- r problems and the plans to solve them echo that interest, the comment of leaders, the organiza-tion of clubs and forums and com-mittees to discuss them, add up to the largest and healthiest curi-osity that the nation has ever seen. The political parties recognize this and the Republicans are busy work-ing on a constructive foreign-polic- y plank for their 1944 platform to meet the administration's post-wa- r plans. As the people look toward tomor-row, the first thing they ask is: "When will the war end?" You can't get an official prognostication on that subject and, personally, I would hesitate even to make a guess. But this week, there came to my notice 1 two remarks, one from the German propaganda minister and one from the president of an American avia tion corporation which I want to place figuratively in parallel col umns not only side by side with each other but in balance with pre- - vious remarks of both men. CoebbeW Viewpoint Some time ago, Herr Goebbels spoke of "the Ruhr," that little in-dustrial area including the historic center of Germany's munitions manufacture, the Krupp works of Essen. Goebbels was on record as say-ing that the destiny of the Ruhr was the destiny of Germany itself. And then only a few days ago, a broadcaster from Berlin admitted that the "havoc" wrought by the Allied bombers in that area was "in-credible." The other gentleman whom I wish to quote is R. S. Damon, president of the Republic Aviation corpora- - distances such as from New York to Chicago. "By 1946, it is expected that 70 per cent of the passenger travel, now relying on railroad pullmans, will go by air about 20,000,000 pas-sengers a year. "Exclusive of certain military air-dromes, there will be 'about 865 major airports in the United States by the end of this year, all with paved runways of 3,500 feet or more, capable of handling the largest planes, where fewer than 100 exist-ed in 1940. In addition to these, there are well over 2,000 smaller fields. "To operate these planes and air-ports after the war, there will be the 3,000,000 and trained pilots, navigators, radiomen, airport engineers, traffic controllers and oth-ers who will be in the air forces by the end of this year." The OWI predicts post-wa- r flights of 11 hours from Washington to Paris and London; 7 hours from Washington to Mexico City; 16 from Washington to Moscow; 18 from Washington to Cairo or Buenos Aires and 22 hours from Washington to Tokyo (if Tokyo is still on the map). I quote these statements to show how tremendously the world we are living in today differs from the world we lived in before Pearl Har-bor a change which must affect all phases of life tomorrow. Already, as far as the military go, the earth has shrunk from the comparative size of an orange to the size of a marble. When the war is over and we have had time to adapt what we have learned in the field of aviation to peaceful transportation, it will shrink to the size of a pea. When we shift our war effort to peace-time production, it will shrink still further. Utopian Plans Aviation is only one phase of the achievement the war has forced upon us; there are great plans bursti-ng- to become realities, many that seem so Utopian that the cynics scoff a world organization to en-force peace and achieve freedom from fear; world which will increase production and facili-tate distribution to the point where lion, which Duuas tnose iamous r-- t "Thunderbolts," the fighters which have done such an efficient job of protecting our bombers over Eu-rope. Some time ago Damon predicted that Germany would be knocked out of the war by 1944. But Mr. Damon has now revised that estimate. He says: "Unpreparedness may have cost us many early rounds but now it appears possible that Germany will have been removed from the lists by the end of 1943. I believe this to be true because no nation, not ; even Hitler's Germany, can suffer the rate of attrition which is now being inflicted on the Nazis and sur-vive for long. The aerial combat box scores are now so definitely in our favor and our constantly in-creasing production of fine aircraft and d airmen precludes any possibility of those scores being reduced unless by a miracle, and the days of Hitler's miracles have ceased to be. Our air forces are now systematically and liberally pulver-izing the industrial centers of Ger-many and without her industries, there will be at least an approxi-mation of freedom from want to' tick off only two of the four free-doms for which we are supposed to be fighting. Discouraged at our inability to realize within our own vast bor-ders all of the dreams of our found-ing fathers, we cannot believe that the high aims for unity embracing the whole world can be anything but pure fantasy. But if we can shrink the globe ' from orange to marble, a feat that would have been considered utterly incredible to our own grandfathers, must we say that we cannot build a world unity and a world understanding greater than anything heretofore conceited? It took a dreamer to put the first wings on man the laboratory and the machine shop did the rest. With the widespread will to a bet-ter future providing the psychologi-cal inspiration, who knows but that the energy which has made the prosecution of global war possible can be transmuted into a framework upon which global peace can be built? It's a smaller globe, after all Germany cannot fight or even ex- . ist." j Mind you, I do not underwrite this prophecy but I think it is worth re- - cording because both men have re- - vised their views in the direction of j a shorter war Goebbels would nev er have dwelt on the importance of ! the Ruhr in the beginning if he knew he would have to admit the degree of its destruction Damon, after similar consideration, reduces the j time he believes it will take to knock Germany out. Aviation's Growth i In both cases, we have a tribute to the tremendous growth of Ameri- - ; can combatant airpower. Now let us look at the parallel growth in airpower. We turn to no less an authority than the Office of War Information: "By 1945, it is expected that trans-port planes in the class will be flying in quan-tity, carrying loads of 15 tons at a speed of 250 miles per hour over As we begin to think in global terms, we have to adjust our views of geography. For instance, sup-pose someone should tell you that the important port of Siberia, for which the Japs yearn but do not dare attack, the port of Vladivostok, were a hundred and fifty miles south of the poetic city of Venice with its streets of water? Of course, you would know better but could you say how much better? Or if someone said flatly to you: "You can't tell me what South American countries a line running straight south from Savannah, Ga., would pass through," you would feel you could at least guess and get one right. No. No. Naples is 150 miles north of Vladivostok. You can't name any South Ameri-can country south of Savannah, Ga., because the western coastline of South America is east of such a point Guess again. WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Entire Pacific War Strategy Changed By Latest Allied Attacks in Solomons; RAF and U. S. Air Force Rock Europe With New Series of Non-Sto- p Bombings (KDITOn'S NOTE: When opinions are expressed In these columns, they nre those of Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and not necessarily ot this newspaper.) Released by Western Newspaper Union. v: , :. WALLACE VS. JONES: Renew Feud War Mobilization Director James F. Byrnes' efforts to patch up the feud between Vice President Henry Wallace and Secretary of Commerce Jesse Jones apparently had come to naught as the two ripped into each other once more. Cause of the controversy was Wal-lace's charge that Jones, as Recon-struction Finance chairman, had been niggardly and slow in advanc-ing funds to Wallace's Board of Eco-nomic Warfare for the purchase and development of strategic material abroad. Jones struck back by stat-ing that the BEW initiated only 5 per cent of the government's pur-chases. Wallace started the ball rolling again by stating that the two dis-putants had agreed to have the BEW warfare ask congress for separate funds to continue operations. Then he repeated his charges that Jones' agency had been slow to act on BEW projects. Flaring up, Jones called Wal-lace's statement "dastardly," and repeated his demands for a congres-sional investigation of the BEW. BLOOD PLASMA The latest miracle of transfusion plasma has been described as the No. 1 agent in saving the lives of our American soldiers. Plasma is the liquid element in the blood in which the red and white cells float. By adding salt of so-dium citrate to fresh blood, the blood remains unclotted and is al-lowed to stand for two or three days, during which the cells settle and the plasma then is poured off. Formerly, it was necessary to "type" blood since it was discov-ered in 1900 that substances in cer-tain bloods destroyed red corpus-cles in other kinds. Plasma, how-ever, 'removes these substances and makes use of the fluid general. Dried or frozen, plasma can keep for weeks or months. It can be shipped to any part of the world and used. Through the agency of the American Red Cross, blood do-nors throughout the country are making plasma possible. MINERS: 'Return' Ickes Pleads Despite the plea of Secretary of Interior Harold Ickes to return to work, about 150,000 miners remained idle. Most seriously affected were the steel companies' coal fields in Pennsylvania. Declaring the miners' wage de-mands were among many received in Washington, Ickes said it was necessary for particular groups to submerge their personal considera-tions for the general welfare. He then asked the miners to return to the pits "on the eve of the greatest military operation in history." More than 400,000 other miners were back at their jobs following Troops in Maj. Gen. Sanderford Jarman's ft artillery com-mand receive alert warning of approaching planes in practice drill and are about to release barrage balloon. Besides forcing enemy planes to high altitudes thereby affecting bombing efficiency, barrage balloons' cables are strong enough to destroy any craft striking them. MacARTHUR ATTACKS: Advance in Pacific Under cover of bursting shells and strong aerial formations, American forces in the South Pacific strength-ened their hold on the Solomon is-lands and opened up another front against the Japanese in New Guinea. Protected by big guns of the navy and a protective canopy thrown across the skies by fighter planes, U. S. troops scored a surprise land-ing on Rendova and New Georgia islands in the Solomons, and soon were shelling the big Jap air base on Munda. To the west, American units swarmed ashore on the Huon gulf of New Guinea, and soon were ad-vancing toward the important Japa-nese position at Salamaua, already menaced by an Allied force which had hacked its way through the jun-gle to within 12 miles of the outpost. Between these two theaters of op-eration, American forces occupied the Woodlark and Trobriand islands without opposition. More than 100 Japanese planes were shot down resisting the Amer-ican landings. Our own losses were 17, along with a 7,000 ton transport and several other ships damaged in EUROPE: Clearing a Path Europe rocked from all sides as British and American air squadrons continued pounding vital Axis in-dustries, installations and air-dromes. Nowhere did the Axis find rest. British bombers flew into Germany's Ruhr to strike at the already badly battered industrial centers, and even while the blockbusters and incendi-aries plummeted roofward, the Nazis Munitions Minister Walter Speers complained that Axis work-men were compelled to labor in the open in many places. In the Mediterranean American Flying Fortresses, accompanied by Lightning fighters, struck at air-fields in Sicily, apparently striving to cripple bases from which Axis craft could oppose Allied landing expedi-tions. Off to the east, American bomb-ers began lambasting Axis air-dromes and installations in Greece, along the route an Allied army might take to invade the Balkans. In anticipating a major Allied drive in this direction, the Axis reported fortification of mountain passes along the whole rugged Grecian the dangerous reefy waters of the Solomons. FOOD SUBSIDIES: Banned by Congress The administration's plans for the use of subsidies to "roll back" retail food prices were strongly jolted, by congressional action in passing the Commodity Credit corporation bill outlawing such payment except as incentives to producers. As a re-sult, the "rollbacks" recently in-stituted on meat and butter would be wiped out, with payments only being made on previous commit-ments. In passing the bill, congress acted in opposition to administration sup-port of the subsidy program. Prior to passage, the War Labor board came out for "rollbacks" to offset the increasing cost of living, which threaten its policy of limiting wage boosts to 15 per cent over January, 1941. In passing the bill which extends the life of the CCC for two more years and adds 750 million dollars to its lending authority, congress permitted payment of 150 million dollars for subsidizing increased transportation costs and the produc-tion of critical minerals and food. CHINA: Press Japs Back See-sa- warfare in China contin-ued, with Chinese forces recapturing a large section of Owchihkow on the Yangtze river, thus driving the Japa-nese further out of the great rice bowl which they had threatened to overrun. Assisting the Chinese in their suc-cessful counterattack was the Amer-ican air force, which has been estab-lished in the southeast of China. Un-der leadership of Gen. Claire Chen-naul- t, the Yanks have been concen-trating on Japanese locomotives, freight trains and other heavy equip-ment which the enemy finds most difficult to replace. Japanese attacks near Shanghai and Swatow were also checked, with Chinese troops regaining several im-portant points at Swatow, once fa-mous treaty port on the Kwangtung coast. coast. HOGS: Flood Market With principal markets flooded with heavy receipts, prices on hogs dropped and government and indus-try representatives appealed to farmers to restrict shipments. Although the government had promised to support prices for 240 to 270 pound pigs at $13.75, hogs of this weight brought less as a re-sult of the large receipts. It was explained packers lacked the labor to handle such huge supplies. Prices for hogs over the 270 pound weight sagged as the government made no commitment to prop re-turns at the $13.75 mark. The action was seen as a move to induce farm-ers to market pigs at lighter weights to relieve the critical corn situation, which continued to plague processors and manufacturers, who said they would be compelled to seriously restrict operations unless further grain was forthcoming. GAS: Tight Pinch Completion of the big oil pipe line in the Middlewest and declining petroleum production in California might well spell a tightening of gaso-line supplies in those sections within the near future, Secretary of the In-terior Harold Ickes declared. At the same time, Ickes could see no relief in the gasoline situation in the East. In all cases, Ickes said, the serv-ices' huge consumption of petroleum is digging deeply into the nation's supply. Ickes cited Lieut. Gen. Somervell's estimate that military demands now approximate 1,000,000 barrels a day, exclusive of gasoline and lubricating products, while American refining capacity stands at 3,850,000 barrels. Completion of the big pipe line in the Middlewest, Ickes said, will free many tank cars for haulage of oil from the area east of the Mis-sissippi. However, Ickes pointed out, it is this area which is suffering from a decline in production, and further diversion of its supplies nec-essarily will result in a further pinch in civilian consumption there. their union's decision to return to work only if the government main-tained control of the mines. Al-though granted a wage concession amounting to 20 cents a day, it was expected that the miners might press efforts to obtain compensation for travel to and from their working stations. ARMY: Arms Program Cut Emphasis of war production on aircraft, cargo ships and navy com-bat vessels has resulted in a reduc-tion of the army ground supply pro-gram and delayed full equipment of its forces until 1944, Lieut Gen. Brehon Somervell declared. Because of the production drop, Somervell said, the army has been compelled to ship equipment in camps to the fighting front. Not only does . this affect the training of troops, he remarked, but it also tends to lower morale. Somervell said U. S. and British military chiefs had planned opera-tions for 1943 predicated on a 95 bil-lion dollar production program. But the War Production board stated the industrial output of this country could only approximate 75 billion dollars. CHURCHILL: Must The United States and Great Brit-ain must continue to in peace as well as in war to assure their security, Prime Minister Wins-ton Churchill declared in a speech in which he also predicted heavy fighting "before the leaves of au-tumn fall." Stating that Great Britain sought no profit nor desired any aggran-dizement from the war, Churchill added that it would accept no com-promise. Rejoicing that May was the best month for the Allies in the warfare, Churchill revealed that 30 German submarines had been sunk in that month and new ships were being built at a rate of seven to every single loss. WPA: Finis Since its beginning in 1935, the WPA was charged with squander, but when the time came for going out of existence, the agen-cy returned $130,000,000 in unex-pended funds and materials to the government. Officials say that the records will show that WPA spent 10 billion dollars and employed more than eight million persons. Only a small staff was left behind for liquidation. MARTINIQUE: Declaring it sought to avert blood-shed the French Caribbean island of Martinique, heretofore loyal to the Vichy regime of Marshal Petain broadcast an appeal to the U. S to send an envoy to discuss the island's association with the Free French committee headed by Generals Gi-ra- and DeGaulle. Martinique's action came after privation had reportedly beset the island following America's halt of food exports to it as evidence of dis pleasure over its political stand ON THE HOME S FRONTS TxHESE orange crate u tables are useful and e i; make; they are very decoM-1- too, when fitted out as iUUstr These were lined with 4 cloth cut, fitted and Ba2 shown. The full skirt pieces, tacked to the top of the sides -- lapped a few inches around i: back. A top cover with a 3. frill was then added. The is trimmed with 5.. frills of the muslin and. l.j, straight bands over seams and' the monograms. NOTE These bedside tables are 7 which also contain 31 . thrifty home making ideas. BOOK tains a complete alphabet for m,' monograms similar to the one Books are 15 cents each. Send der to: MRS. 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(.KJ Symptoms mar be nsri i j peraiatent headache, ettac" : S.Uinf up aifhta, "CVi' under the eyea a d ,! anxiety and leas of PP "idr Other situs o order are sometimes bunw ( too frequent urination. ...j.tp;. There should be no treatment is wiser Coon's Pills. Doen't b !" new friends for more tM p,. They have a "'""".I'ul 1' Are recommended by s,,. . country over. Ail W Who's News This Week By Delos Wheeler Lovelace Consolidated Features.-'N- U Release. TEW YORK. A' quickie poll, IN maybe all wrong, indicates thai scribble most of this radio cowboys ballads. Of course. nation's regional Mexican Legate Is help from ABaWeroChUagc Soldier and Doctor &nd a n y Bronx troubadour able to tear a minor chord from a glittering guitar and sing through the nose at the same time. In Mexico such compositions are written by artists of more stature. Some have been done, to wide and lengthy applause, by that country's ambassador to Washington. The Mexicans call them corridos. Dr Francisco Castillo Najera con-cedes, however, that they are usual-ly about kidnapings, floods, untime-ly deaths and blighted love. And what else do the static cow-pok-wail about? Not that Castillo Najera wails. A former Honorary President of tht Association of Mexican artists, he is highfalutin'. "My idea has been more or less to stylize the comdo," is the way this diplomat explains the situation. If the ambassador hasn't stylized lately the omission is understandable. He has had lend-leas- e to ferry over the Rio Grande del Norte and a slather of other interests. He is a sur-geon, a public health expert and an army officer who survived heavy shooting to rise from ma-jor to major general. And he is a widely saluted prose writer, a Latinist and an expert in the Chinese language. (Maybe he is Mexico's answer to John Kieran.) The ambassador picked up Chi-nese on his first diplomatic job 2( years ago. Later he served ir France, Sweden, Belgium and faller Austria. Rewards he has received from his government and others include enough decorations to cover birr from chin to brisket The Najera family hails from an cient Durango and the ambassadoi grew up there with nine brothers and sisters. A favorite uncle, a doctor, influenced him to studj medicine. He is a big man now, with a shock of white hair, who climbs any old way into clothes that cost so muct they deserve a valet's tender care. For the sake of his sensitive in-nards he smokes a specially treated tobacco, and uses a cigarette holdei longer than any you'll see at the White House. For the sake of his figure he is still grim about setting-u-exercises. He doesn't rise foi these until eight o'clock in the morn-ing; but, on the other hand, ht doen't sit down to dinner until aftei eight in the evening. Dinner is apt to be an event. Ht is a famed host, conversationalist and connoisseur of beer as well as a pretty good cook. After dinnei he likes slam-ban- g bridge. Madame Ambassador is a painter in her own right, but busy now as president of the Latin-Americ- division of the Red Cross in Washington. There are four children. One son is Interning; one is studying mu-sic, and the other one is a mili-tary cadet. Their daughter is married. Whether the ambassador com-posed a corrido for her is not on record. But why not? AT NEW YORK'S own City Col-leg-heavy- se-t Dr. John Hast-ings is sometimes the senior class' pick for "most brilliant professor." This prefer- - frof tells Airmen ence adds Weather Is Tojo's point to his Most Helpful Ally warBini that Flying Fortresses will have no picnic plant tag their huge block-buste- around Japan. The weather there, says the professor, backing up the view of the chief of the United States weather bureau that weather is war's most important factor, will be on Tojo's side. Japan has lots of rain, lots of clouds on almost any day yon may wish to pick. The professor should know. He has charted rainfall and related Items the world over. Climate is a favorite topic of his when he teaches economic, anthropo-logical and aU the other kinds of geography at City College. Not long ago he made a climatic and topographical map for every one of the 48 states. For reasons of his own he held off the making of Mon- tana s map till last, a selective slight which has never been satisfactorily explained to that state's proud, and often gun-toti- citizens Professor Hastings has a deep grudge against Hitler. He says the latter s antics have cut off this coun-tr- s normal supply of superior map Paper Grumbling, he takes what paper he can get and makes it serve better by using an ink mixed ac cording to his own secret process. Pi$v V his lDClude tte late Pope sponsorship of Plain-song- ; Ring Lardner. for his stories, and Schoppeiiauer for long, somber thoughts. Flag at Half-Mas- t The United States flag sra never be flown at half-ma-national mourning is off;:: ly declared for a national figsre a catastrophe affecting the w:, country, says Collier's. A s:; city or organization flag should used to mourn a person of 0: state, city or organization pre: inence. Marriage by Proxy I Marriage by proxy is many Christian countries, an them being Argentina, the Netherlands, P.: gal, Spain and Venezuela. Many Washington Counties Washington is the name c used for .counties. Twenty-- states have a Washington co HIGHLIGHTS . . . n the week's news RICKENB ACKER: Capt. Edward Rickenbacker visited the Russian front while on an official mission to Moscow for the secretary of war. MILK: Synthetic milk, made of vegetable oils, was pronounced an unsatisfactory substitute by the two government experts. The artificial product failed to stimulate growth and development properly in feed-ing tests. BALLOONS: A ring of barrage balloons protects New York city metropolitan area, it was revealed, when 34 of the sky barriers were tested lately. WHEAT: The loan rate on the 1943 wheat crop has been increased by one cent to $1.23 a bushel, the Commodity Credit corporation an-nounces. HOSIERY: There will be little sheer hosiery available for women this winter, manufacturers are pre-dicting. Heavy rayon or cotton will have to substitute. They blame OPA price ceilings. CORNSTARCH: Corn refineries are facing shutdowns because of in-sufficient supply of corn, executives of the industry warn. Only about 5 million bushels are believed to be aijailable to processors for the year. SERVICE: A law making almost all adult men and women subject to wartime service' wherever need-ed, is being urged by Rep. Wads-wort- h of New York. FISH: Forty-eig- species of fish are included in the OPA wholesale price ceilings recently placed on the fish industry. Top price for cod will be 12 cents a pound. JUGOSLAVIA: King Peter of Ju-goslavia, in exile in London, urged all factions of Jugoslavians to unite in a national front against the Axis. He praised the guerrilla bands, fight-ing with little equipment. VICTORY: Victory may be far ahead, in the opinion of Secretary of the Navy Knox. War may con-tinue for three or four years more, he stated. B R I E F S . . by Baukhage Tokyo propagandists have added India to the growing list of coun-tries they are seeking to dazzle with promises of Japanese-styl- e "in dependence," the Office of War In- - formation says on the basis of To- - N kyo broadcasts exploiting the re ported arrival in Japan of Subhas Chandra Bose, outlawed Indian ex-tremist now very active in the Axis camp. The "purchases" made by Ger-man soldiers in occupied territories have made Berlin women the "liv-ing symbols" of the handiwork of ; other nations, a Berlin correspond ent of the Swiss newspaper. Journal de Geneve, said in an article report-ed to the OWI. Danish grocers now have nothing to sell but "ersatz" and shortly ex-pect to have a new "ersatz for er-satz" the Kalundborg radio of Den-mark said in a domestic broadcast reported today to the OWL - Commemorative lights in Polish cemeteries must be extinguished during blackouts, according to an article in a German-languag- e paper in Poland reported to the office of war informatio.n... Iron and scrap collections in Rhode Island average about 3,000 tons a week, or more than 9 pounds per capita. To move our fighting men and keep them fed, clothed, sheltered and equipped, the army service forces employ more people, own more land, spend more money, han-dle more merchandise, and operate over a greater area than any com-parable organization the world has ever known. Almost nine million trainees were prepared for war production jobs and other emergency work in the total war effort, according to the American Vocational association. Soil Gains Nitrogen tnat in the soybean plot 440 pounds per acre, Z 54th annual according toe agricultural experimlftr' |