Show I 1 1 I 1 3 I 1 11 11 rt V ift p f I 1 V vv v 0 v I I 1 JI 1 1 I 1 1 ta T 11 y 1 1 I vhf 1 1 aa 9 1 R i DI u I 1 y IV 4 ft n foia iw ii w f yh ri arf ki vs 1 DESTINY 11 W 3 I 1 t Z az I 1 1 y IR I 1 I 1 0 y A aai I 1 1 R CALKIN 1 9 I 1 0 I 1 c 1 UW U W I 1 I 1 1 NTY i arros i jhb k f F it k P 6 how thi the wit wet I 1 to torched V ched japan japa T THE first colit contact I 1 ai b between 11 IN ee the 6 peo via ajla of japan europe occurred ili in 1642 sel alp ship waa aa b blown upon olie one of i the tha smaller islands of the japin japanese ajro group for maj mapy centuries the island er em 4 alre bad maintained complete sola tion e evolving it its s own portuguese ad adventurers expected noth I 1 I 1 1 ing less lesa than than instant death ait ag th the handa ol thise these dwarf chinese chine 8 loo to their surp surprise riso they ahey 79 ri wel welcomed 1 4 closely d a bout about europe by I 1 inquisitive hosts host and royally enters I 1 talked this adventure was followed by catholic missionary expeditions thir ty two years later japs had bid beccie become christians iri id lost 1587 limie however 1 1 the government decided thit that for all ally weir their marvelous marve ious firearms the people a of ai europe had little of value for japan missionaries were ordered awa a fand of their con converts virts were killed jn ln gifol 51 contact with the western worl d waa 11 almost it was I 1 left for an american er ican ori three centuries later to resume the chatir intercourse c begun by afie portuguese com eodore perry with four worship warships sailed into imy bay in july ISA 1858 bringing sewing machines ind frowning cannon the yankees deal rAble merchandise enabled the signing oan treaty which was wag the forerunner of treaties with european howem popular feeling was stirred against this welcome of foreigners and the shogun was bitterly attacked by the feudal nobles the of at japan since 1836 1336 tad had been merely nominal ru rulers I 1 ers their chief functions being religious the mikado was wag now backed against the shogun a sort of all powerful prime minister to expel exiel foreigners ten years after perrys visit however a squad squadron rou of british BrI tiou french dutch and american ships bi bombarded omba jap ports after the had fired on foreign vessels the efficacy of at european gunnery caused a 4 new change of heart in the mi party japan apan again became a pupil of the west bind and just a 4 half century after perrys visit she became embroiled with russia giant of european nations and won a war with modern wes weapons pons opium war wair opened china enough tha the way vay was waa C prepared lortha lor tho Antro introduction diction of carl christianity into china b by british baltish warships bent on smuggling opium into the country against the determination of the imperial government the chinese inese proud ol of their fifty centuries of native cul culture turi resisted the coming of western commerce and christian missionaries narjes very vigorously As long ago as the thirteenth century the venetian mere merchant marco polo had traveled in china and in the fourth century a christian church was established in peking a if at the instance of pope innocent ty IV j but the chinese had stood steadfast in their desire for continued isolation great britain from i her er base in india galled agn ened soma somi trade Ibro through the port of canton p lor tol the main commodity being which the chinese government soon discovered was debauching debau ching its people the quarrel resulted in a british fleet attacking the coast of china the emperor was compelled to throw open tho the ports of amoy shanghai and nd canton to foreign trade the ten tea and silk ellk exports of china soon eoon grew to large proportions sixteen years yeara later a french missionary was slain and about the same time the sailors of a british ship were seized as pirates nonce france and britain sent fleets up the pel ho bo river towards peking the capital the outcome of this war was the opening of additional ports to commance com marce and the granting of new right a sto to missionaries the exploitation of the vast empire of china with its people was now well under way european nations helped themselves to privileges by 1895 the emperor had become so europeanized that he be had electric lights in his fits palace and ape spent n t hla bin holidays holin on a yacht but chinese patriots were not won over ever to abandonment of their ancestral traditions the emperor kwang kawas deposed and tho dowager empress tzu tau ast ruled ja ln his stead committed to a policy of war on foreigners A secret society the I 1 order of literary Patrio patriotic Uc harmonious fists the boxers murdered sio elon arlea narles and plundered christians japan russia britain france germany and america in 1000 rushed troops p oops to peking killed many chinese exacted indemnities totaling and stipulated irl privileges for mis ml sio 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