Show ato oburt W I 1 31 lot T T pei aa 4 0 L ir IL got I 1 D X 74 E X I 1 A 17 X J J 7 ey E y ELMO SCOTT WATSON SS HEY turned back the J aa pages of history more arg than years la in washinton washington tile the other day ass mss and there was draft dra tl lala ft ln in ig the scene too even hough I 1 a united states 1 supreme april ine court chancery hearing Is about the last place on oil earth expect to see drama enacted but this was tin nn unusual court case and the fact tha t the actors in it are of nalon wide interest terest lu if for no other reason dould make it noteworthy por for tills this was tile the great lakes level controversy it io which the plaintiffs are the sovereign states elates ot of wisconsin michigan minnesota ohio penn pennsylvania and new york the defend ants are the equally sovereign sn states of missouri url kentucky tennessee Ree louisiana arkansas mississippi and illinois and more especially city oni ceals of the metropolis of the middle Mi lille west in the person or of the achlen go sanitary district s the judge was charles evans hug ties erstwhile governor of new york re he public tall preside candidate secretary of supreme court justice am dd united states senator ha alio acted as special dingier for the supreme hearing evidence in the case and tile the chief of counsel for the coro com was newton U 1 linker baker who coq secretary of war lu in the wilson add to these baw lii ers and college professors of national natio nul renown and you lime hae tile the stage set ret for the great court scene in this drama dr allia outstanding ln among these was or dr james W goldthwait ciofi s or of geology tn in dartmouth college col leire and a former instructor tor at northwestern university litho as a coin pi n tenants mit fitness ness pro laced the historic exhibit A which bridged the gap of two centuries and i it half between the time 0 of the french explorers when most of the american continent was still a wilderness and these modern days when the radio made the man in maine blaine next door del neighbor abor to the man in washington bior this exhibit A was a map drawn by rather father marquette in his explorations pl orations of the lie illinois headwaters in 1073 which was among the hun deeds of maps introduced into the evidence and which aich may prove a decisive factor in the controversy the bundi hundreds cos or of maps which have bare tipp introduced into tile the evidence are only duty a small part of it for thu the record of this controversy which goes hack back to the of the old illinois mich igan camil in tins has been growing faster slid aid in greater bulk than the fal snowball rolling down the longest hill to in the world already wore more than words of el dence have beair put into the record and the ease anse has barely begun 1 the plaintiff plain tift only ocly have been heard beard from and nd the defendants are yet ret to have their annid s when hen the hearings bearings are resumed on january 10 the case which opened early 0 in o No november ember and continued into december when an adjournment was taken hinges upon the diversion of water from the great lakes I akes by the city of chicago as do an old aid in sewage disposal it was for the purpose of having legal proof tu in the record that such a diver bolon does exist that ettes anil and other historic maps were introduced into the evidence so sd when doctor goldthwait an almost white balked middle aged scholar who vilio has searched college libraries the archives of the war department the library of con V ke k 4 J A A kw wow I 1 CHICAGO grems gre s mid anil tile lie journals of if early explorers anil and examined hundreds of maps made by other oilier cartographers who followed the jesuit priest came before master hughes as an expert witness it was its ills testimony which turned back the pages of history to at an almost forgotten era doctor goldthwait admitted that father ettes map shows a continuing line running from tile the des dea Il alnes river which empties into the illinois to the chicago river which originally flowed info lake michigan thus indicating that the jesuit explorer had bad made ills his canoe journey by water without a portage and that there was a continuous low flow of water from the des to tile the lake but this Is the only map which does show such a water communication all others according to doctor goldthwait reveal a natural natural divide between the headwaters or of the lie two rivers along the line of what Is now avenue chicago the point Is condid ered vital for one of the chief contentions tent ions loDs of the plaintiffs la Is that the artificial drainage canal which reversed the flow of the chicago river and made it famous ns as the only river that flows uphill joined the two great continental river systems tho mississippi and tho the st lawrence over a natural barrier the line of the present kedzie avenue which probes professor or goldthwait characterized as a continental divide lie he asserted that from time immemorial the flood waters of the des plaines river tin had at various times overflowed and run off into lako lake michigan he stated that naturally the waters of the die chicago and calumet rivers would flow into lake michigan lint but that artificial changes had reversed the currents and not only caused waters that should have flowed into lake michigan to be diverted into tile the mississippi water shed lied but had diverted water from lake Alle michigan higan itself the complainants in this case seek to enjoin the chicago sanitary alq erict from withdrawing ater water n in such quantities its as according to their statement impairs lake shipping through lowering of tile hie normal surface level they have centered their argument upon diio points that tile sanitary has burdo burdened ned the population of downstate illinois and nd joining territory in the mississippi basin with polluted water and that adequate artificial sewage disposal plants would make unnecessary withdrawal of 0 water sufficient clent to constitute a burden on great lakes shipping when the defendants take the stand with chicago as aa their chief proponent it Is expected that they will not deny that an actual inversion version dh It erslon of water exists but they will deny thai this diversion has done any real in july to other lake states they probably will argue that the level of the lakes Is dependent upon cycles of rainfall that it was lower in 1805 than in 1925 and that the decrease in recent years Is due to lessened preci pita tion not to the chicago drainage canal whether or not the hie marquette mop map will be tile the decisive factor in the case as it has been said that it may be remains to bo be seen after the defense has completed its estimated two iwo weeks of testimony and argument and sir air hughes has submitted the record together with a digest of the law involved and ills his recommendations to the supreme court it if perchance pother father ettes map does prove to be a 0 decisive factor in deciding the case in favor of the defendants chicago and the middle west will have all the more reason for or holding his big mentory in grateful reverence this jesuit priest who with his companion jollet the fur far trader come came to the illinois country in 1673 and who was one of the first if not the very first white man to visit tile present site of chicago Is one of the best loved heroes of the middle west ills name appears in dozens of places on the maps of middle wes western tern states it Is perpetuated in schools and other structures in roads streets towns i cities and counties Ch chicago iengo barly has delighted to honor him only last summer a new marquette monument 8 shown hown above was un veiled in chicago it stands opposite the harrison technical high school so B that the three figures pere mar MAI quette jollet and an indian guide tile the plo pioneers plon ocra may be a constant in to tile the citizens of the fu 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