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Show FARM. FIELD AND GARDEN. VALUABLE HINTS FOR OUR RURAL RUR-AL READERS. Pasturing CropsWinter Cara of j Cattle Carrots for HorsesHow Australia frigate Sore Mouth In Pigs Dairy. Carrots for Horses. Carrot scontain a smaller proportion of moisture ami more nut riment than most other roots. They are good for cows or horses, but seem to be especially especi-ally adapted for the latter. Horse ow ners who can do so should grow carrots, and those who have not the proper land should buy enough carrots car-rots togivea ration everyday through the winter, (live half as many oats as usual, and make up the deficiency with equal bulk of carrots, and most horse during the winter will improve in appearance. The carrots give the animals a sleek coat, probably by helping digestion. It is a diet of exclusively ex-clusively dry feed that makes the hair of many idle horses in winter dry and harsh. If the horse is working he will need the full ration of oats, hut should be given a ration of carrots besides each day. American Cultivator. Sore Mouth In Pigs Mr. Isaac I'atchin semis the following follow-ing plan for preventing sore mouth in pigs to the Prairie Farmer: Young pigs will often fight for Ufa trying to etthe best position for taking milk for the sow. They will bite each other's mouths and tongues, using the upper and lower incissors to good advantage, ad-vantage, Investigation will show edges of the tongue fringi d ami bitten-before bitten-before the pigs area, day old, and if left to themselves their mouths will become sore, and some of them to such an extent that they will not stck, and thus grow weak and donot thrive like some st longer ones. In some cases I have seen their mouths so sore that they became decayed and black, large pieces dropping off each side of the mouth. To prevent this I basket the entire lit i it from two to twelve hours after being farrowed. Take them to a warm apartment away from the dam, hold each pig between the knees, with a man or boy to help, who holds a small stick in the pig's mouth. Then snap otf the four incissors, in-cissors, take the litter back to the sow, and I never have had any more trouble nor have I ever had n i-:.g bothered with sore mouth. Pasturing Crops. Oats are an important crop for pasturing when sown alone. The oat is also frost proof in the spring and may be drilled in the first moment that the hind is lifted for it, and, on warm, early soil, will besix inches high and strong by the latter part of M-and M-and on being eaten off hy the slu Wirt start anew at oneo, U left tilt the seed-head is formed there will be no second growth. The struggle in all plants is to perfect the seed, and most of our annual plants, if cut when small, will grow again, and, when having hav-ing a strong and vigorous root, will push on the second growth very rapidly rapid-ly The second feeding of the green r.,t crop should bo when the plant has leached the flowering age. If the crop be rank sheep may waste too much of it, when fed upon tho land. If mown and fed to them in racks it will have the largest amount of nutriment when the seed is in the milk. But the sheep at that stage, are not inclined to eat the whole stalk unless tempted by ft small allowances of meal upon the left stems. As we have seen, this extra grain food will be refunded by extra growth and the land will get the benefit bene-fit of enriched manure. This is the end to which sheep-feeding on worn lands should point. Theoat hasthe advantage advant-age of being adapted to nearly nil soils, and it my be the best crop with which to begin the improvement. feet, form the inside corners and a support in front and rear. The last two pieces) are joined by a cross strip to prevent spreading of the frame, which is ;n this shape. Soil. Manure. Twelve-foot boards nre then nailed to the corner posts, and to the middle post strips three inches wide are let into the front and rear and nailed to the toj) board for t lie sash to rest upon. up-on. Eighteen inches of fresh horse manure free from litter, which has been collected in the stable, is put in the bottom and covered with four inches of rich soil gathered and made ready last fall. Fifty pounds of line bonedust and as much fresh wood ashes are well mixed with this soil. The bed is left to heat, which it does up to 100, and then rapidly subsides, When the temperature has fallen to 70 earth is heaped all around the frame as high as the manure to keep the heat steady, and the seeds are planted in rows six inches apart for convenience in weeding. Hiould a sharp, fristy night occur some sheaves of rye straw kept ready for the purpose pur-pose are laid on the sash, and on line days the sashes are raised in the rear for six inches to give air. There is use on any farm or In any rural home for at least two or three of these beds. How Australia Irrigates. Australia has in her vast pastoral areas, u writer in the Century says, sources of wealth as great and more permanent than those of her mines. Already she has nearly one hundred millions of sheep, which in the mild climate and under the sunny sky of thecountry require no shelterthrough-out shelterthrough-out the year and no food beyond what they get on the open plains. It is t rut that the sunny sky may turn into a sky of brass, and that drought is the dread of the Australian shepherd, herdsman and farmer. Occasionally there is a succession of dry seasons, and then sheep have perished hy millions mill-ions and cattle by thousands on the more remote stations. To master mas-ter recurring droughts is the great problem of Australia's inland future, llere, as elsewhere, nature challenges man's free advance and places some special obstacle in his way. Australians Austra-lians are facing their task with energy, confidence and the promise of much success. They have learned the art of drawing wealt h even from scrub-land of which a single sheep requires several acres for its support. Irrigation works on a large scale have been begun in Victoria and South Australia. The storage of water in reservoirs is being carried out jn a i large way "by municipalities' and prt i vate companies. Throughout New South Wales and Queensland the boring bor-ing of artesian wells has met with satisfactory sat-isfactory success. Once given the certain means ot carrying the flocks and herds through the occasional periods of drought, there seems no limit to the pastoral capacity of such immense provinces as New South Wales and Queensland. With completed systems of irrigation Aust ralia promises promis-es to become one of the greatest grape, and fruit-growing countries in the world. The many difficulties with which men are confronted on this great continent are more than matched match-ed hy its wonderful possibilites. Dairy Notes Hiltown, Pa., has a ten-year-old boy who milks a dozen cows, takes the milk to the creamery and visits his muskrats traps before breakfast. A New York State grange held an in-terestina; in-terestina; discussion on the question: "Can milk be produced with profit at two and a half cents per quart?" The question was decided in the negative by a rising vote. Winter Car of Cattle. I Although tho winter thus far has been one of mildness and pleasantness, pleasant-ness, comparatively speaking, yet there are nights nnd dny.i which are cold and chilly, and at just such times the cattle need shelter and good care, tiood open sheds, facing south and east, with racks to feed the hay and straw in, are very excellent for cuttle. And often no other stabling is needed save for the milch cows and young things. It is well to keep the sheds well littered with straw and the racks well tilled with oats, straw nnd good clover and timothy hay. The salt boxes should always be in a place where the cattle can easily get to them, nnd should be kept well supplied sup-plied with salt. This is especially needful w here cattle cat-tle are fed cornstalks and the like. Salt is very beneficial and very necessary neces-sary to the good health of cat tie. One of the liest ways to feed cornstalks is to scatter them Well over the barnyard, barn-yard, providing the ground is not inuddy, as cattle do not quarrel half as much as when feeding from racks. The reference here is to stalks w hich have been cut from the fields and dried in bundles. When properly cured this makes valuable feed, and the cattle cat-tle relish it. There are various ways to feed corn fodder, some farmers using us-ing a feed cutter, while others prefer to allow the cattle themselvestogath-er themselvestogath-er the fodder. As to advice as to the superior method of feeding, the writer would say that both areequally good, ami no choice can be made. A Good Hotbed. Here is a good plan for making a hot bed for starting early plants. It is 12 feet long and 5j wide, takingfour sash 3 by 6 feet. It is made very simply. sim-ply. Six pieces of 4 by 4 chest nut timber, three 3 feet long and three 2 4 Good butter cannot be made from inferior or spoiled crenm with any more certainty than good from bnd flour, no mat ter with what care it may be m n n a get 1 . Kes u 1 1 s depen d al t oget her upon condition, and if these are neglected neg-lected failures are sure to follow. If a farmer kept cows that gave little milk; horses seemed unable to work-or work-or the pigs refuses to, fatten he would at once endeavor to ascertain the trouble and remove it. When the hens do not lay, instead of trying to find out the reason he settles down to the conclusion that hens don't pay.and bethinks he is right, so long asthe liens do not dispute it. At the present price of eggs it will pay to make hens lay, and good care and the right food will secure eggs. Farm Notes, It pays to take care of a brood sow; she is a good "mortgage lifter." Clover makes the best pasture foi hogs. Hogs like a variety in their food as well as other stock. If the beet is to do its best we must give it a warm, well manured soil. Fruit and wheat have been badly damaged by the recent cold weather. Good woodchoppers are in great demand de-mand all over this section of the country. Calves that are well cared for nnd liberally fed while young make large, thrifty cattle. Never put n frosty bit in a horse's mouth. The man who would do this deserves hanging. To restore strong ham to its original freshness, slice and soak over night ia milk, either sweet or sour. |