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Show I Idealism Dominant S In Fiunie's Charter Full Copy of D'Annunzio'a Constitution Reaches Here and Reveals Last Word in Theories About Human Rights BT WILLIAM J. GUARD FOUR weeke urn the cltlastlfl of the et.y ot Flume, the picturesque little SO-I SO-I ml it tho hpnil of the Qunrneo H . the northeastern termination of ti tdriatie ae. upon which th whole world's Mtontlofl wi InealliiPd by It virtual Selsurt ni H occupation year ago fnm last Mm b) Italy's nviator-warrlor-leclslaloi - i ct Oniiric.'o d'Annunala and oami i -nine fi.COO vr (J.pnO ad venturous you'ha who V hnically domTtod the regular Italian Army to enrui- 'hmvM n D'Annunslo's '. fciMiixri, 11( f'jjmv of tta.lv. road on the Walls portl which maid. A Potr on Fium' Wall Ihe Commandants this evening at tl aim Venice, will hne the hodui to rend lL t! ' people the text of tho draft of a no a im f organisation of tho Frco ytau- r r..injf. Thus the citizens will 'be enabled i.i Vain by 'he word of mouth of tho Com-n., Com-n., .nd. into the terms ot the promised projee Wflch afterward will ho submitted to exum !net.'on and approval of tne city authorities 1 l Needless to say that Commandunte 1? tn . by which Flume's Chief of State 'S k own a title, by the way. which, while I' m. ) Invite the sneers of his enemies, Is Kl ried tn by his followers and admirer?. Al. Fiume turned out thai Monday evening even-ing August 30 but It was only u small par: O Hi' crowd that could net into the thoau;-Fl thoau;-Fl nlthuiigh It holds 4 000 Commandant? '' d Annunzlos appearance evnUed the U9U i "SnHn demonstration of enthusiasm, which was HMmI Dewed when ho concluded bin introductorv HH8I re arks with the words: HI l or Flume of tlaly! For its annexation Hjl at oi. or inter' For the Regency of Cnr- I na.1 i i . I 1 1. ni. utallv Mala! ihi rebel yell HHajl the IVAnnumelo iegionartes. When or how iHKfl it originated I don't know for nohoJy eon- Hflfi to)! me It Is one probably to spontaneou-i 2", e.roilonal combustion V Then came Ihe Important business of the HHD evening the public disclosure of the tOXl HHJ of rin- proposed constitution a constitution HHHj which It had been forecast was to be the HHH erj last word, the most advanced, the most 1 nnti- " nth i im the most progressively lib IHl oral. Ihe most utihtorlo-ldcolistlc . most eon- .-er 'al ive-radlcal in a word, the very 'j ii. ' oust tut l.ws' Hs For onlv a lew months ago. when I ha I L the Interesting opportunity to visit Flume HflB and talk With Cbnimandante D'Annunlo In T jillSt the beautiful palace where formerly Austro- 'Bb WiiDfrtan governors ruled as representa- live of tin-- fallen Hopsburg dj naat) did not -vfHut ou' r'f-r0 who lias discarded the laurel ami Bl the iy for the Senatorial tojra etnarlt H n V, ' I have great faith in the constitution B Which i am sketching. ecause I have out- Hflfl linen it to'li to a Bolshevik and to a Pesc- H nil fl'terally a 'shrk' or do flsh'V is gMH we Italians call our 'profiteers.' Both gave rfjj it their approval! What more could I or gJSflB any one else ask? ' Here Follows D'Annunzio'j Constitution Hf A i-opy of D'Abnunalo's caperK awaited B constitution has just arrived in New York. Hjff nent b) the poet -slatsman's most eloquent n( effective proponent In Italy, Benuo. j&llW Mussolini, the editor of the Fopolo d'ltalia BRV of Milan. Elver) now and then ome one or WJmC1 other of the States of our Union decides t that it needs a new constitution and forth- H wltt fircceeds to draft one For this reason B If for no other. It may be worth while brleflv H to summarize the articles of this thoroughly jflH up to dale document, conceived and cast I:rto legal form by Italy s greatest living literal y genius, who ceitalnly has demon-'.'rated demon-'.'rated (c the world that he is quite as i aie an aerla! warrior as he Is daring Ir. hir flights of Imagination. The D'Annunzio constitution first of all i proclaims the basis of the State, which Is io r.: knovn as tne Italian Regency of the Crnaro which with the "free city of Flume" and the soverign peopb as centre, shall Include In-clude all its railroads and the entire port to which may be added such adjacent communes com-munes T.oal and maritime and such Islands whose traditions Indicate their Ttaltanlsm as i -sire . unite with Ihe newly formed State The Gover-imenl shall he a Government of the people a true rc$ popull Involving the larpest possible liberty in its most varied forms "as It was understood and enjoyed ' says the text "In the four glorious centuries of Flume 5 life as a Commune." j ;,. sovereignty is recognized and con ft mcd iy all citizens without regard of 6ex.' race, language, social or other class or religion; hut It especially exalts above all other rights the rights of the producers Tendencies Ten-dencies toward ccntraliz-ition of power shall he checked. Free play for the greatest diversity must provide for the invlgoratJon nd enriching of the common life. Popular rights and liberty shall bo vigorously safeguarded. safe-guarded. Mutual order shall be maintained y iilsi Ipline and justice. The Government .'hall constantly aim to elevate the dignity ir.d Increase 'he prosperity of tin citizenry. Sf that to be admitted to citizenship in the Regency of Carnaro shall he regarded ( as acceptance of a title of nobility and an v hor.or o' high distinction, as It was to be- tonie a civ is Rornanus in classic days. Free Speech, Free Preu, Free Religion. Liberty of thought, liberty of the pres.?, of assembly, and of association are guaranteed. E ry form of rclislon ts allowed and rebelled re-belled and permitted to erect church or lemple, but no citizen can plead ills tult as an excuse to escape his civic duties. The statutes also shall guarantee to all citizens of l oth sexes primary school Instruction in we. l 'ugbted. sanitary buildings: proper phys-'ca phys-'ca raining, amplo labor with minimum wages based on the cost of decent living, pecuniary assistance In case of infirmity and involuntary disoccupatlon ; old age pensions, pen-sions, the use of wealth legitimately ac-. ac-. lulled, the inviolability of domicile, habea orpus and compulsory damages in case of Judicial errors or abuse of official authority. 'The State." continues the constitution fand Just here It Is difficult to see how the Bolshevist and tho Profiteer both could have :.pproved) "does not recognize property us ho absolute ownership by the person of the thing, but considers It aa the most useful if ,,( frnr ini Functions. No fjroperty can be reserved re-served hr the Individual c thoutfh It wore bis apnrtl nor nhnll It b legal for any neKllgent preprletei to lat It remain Idle or uso It dis-hdvantageoualy dis-hdvantageoualy to ihp of any other person. Tho nolo legitimate tttlo to owner hip of nny tnenn of production or trade It laboi Labor nlorio U matter of tho sus-stance sus-stance rendered mont fiultful and most pryf-Itahle pryf-Itahle In the penprgl lntert." The port of Flume the railroad s'.;tlor. ond 'he miii oh. In wltiiln tho territorial con-flnen con-flnen nro declai-yd the perpetual and Inalienable Inalien-able properly of tho State, hut amplo con-cessions con-cessions nro made for the freedom of commerce. com-merce. Industry und najtntlon to foielK3er!i on tho aaniv footing as to citizens. A Nn-'l.inl Nn-'l.inl Bunk of Carnaro Will by established, which shall luo paper muncy and condui.' Ril Other operations of credit The statu . and regulation of oristlng banks tn F!um wl io dulj uab.".shed by hw Forelsrri capital will bo liberally safeguarded. Thru forcoa." Bays the constitution, "CO-ord'nate "CO-ord'nate In the organlzatiou pf the Stute no a whole, tl) The Clflzenry i2) the Corpora-Uons: Corpora-Uons: i3 ihe Communes" The first ahsll include all citizens horn, naturalized by request re-quest or honorary. Twenty Is the agf f maturity. Any one of such age or over Is ,l glble to ofto- Among those to be deprived i c.'tMl ilirhls are "IncorrlgibK-s, parasltr-s and charge on the community, unless incapable in-capable because of illness or old age" i No votv for the Idle rich' or the lazy poor !-, D'Annunzlana : Phe State." In D'Annunxlo's wdrda "is the ."i ntmon 'vlll and common and constant effoi " of the firople toward a loftier degree of mav-i mav-i lul and spiritual vigor Only the aaslduotis producer of tin community's wealth and the ,'slduous creator nf the community's powe In the republic la a complete Itlzen What wr IUVJ O'- U" ,"11 r. Will i I II I 1 1 1 B O I ' I (J i . id I or genius, ol industry or ar of direr-;ion direr-;ion or execution- each shall be inscribed i' one of the ten corporations." Hume' Ten Corporations. Then D'Annunzio proceeds to define 'h,16 eo.-poruilons. to one of which cveiy voter Ti s iicion; oi forfeit his civic right-I right-I 'age earners In Industry, agricultufo. commerce irsnnortutlon. artisan and rn'mll fii'rmere who o their wn work 'J. Technic il coi) and sdmlnistrxtor In private companies or husines. i proprietor exv luded i 3 Kini'lav ecj. in eominerclal business who are not in the labor class I Bmplo.'. ers of labor who are not meiely opr'etors or eooroor k-toi s. but who ac-tuaily ac-tuaily corduei i j business in which they are Interested and who th-icfore .-re useful members of society, according to the D'An-nunzlan D'An-nunzlan Idea ' A'! employe. in 'he public service. The linell.-ctuiil dower of the people" io quoie th- words of the constitution) . studious youth and ihe instructors, tea. tiers ti-ers and pupils of the pttbllr schools an., students of the highei institutions of learning learn-ing ; sculptois. painters decorators, archl-i archl-i -is musicians, and all who Devote ibtin-selves ibtin-selves to the iir. arts, scenie arts and ornamental orna-mental arts T All who belong io lller.;l professions' who aie not Included .n thy sixth rorpnrtt-tlon. rorpnrtt-tlon. 8. Cooper..ti.' societies of production, of la bat, of consumption Industrial and agrarian agra-rian to be lepresentcd by the administrators administra-tors of these organizations 9. Sailors and those who make their llv-iv).; llv-iv).; off the sea 10 Here the tOUaUtUtion become sjpocalyptlt l ist tvhat it means nueh nnui In Ia i v.r- tilm&elt 1 shall try to "do It Into' English. The tenth corporation." it say. "bai i either art nor number jr vvnrJ Ps com-plci'on com-plci'on i awaited as that of the tenth MliM )' ii reserved for the mvsierlous forces '. be jicople n travail and in ascent. on ' is like a votive figure dedicated to ihe nr. -k'tOWn genius, to the appearance ot the new-Bid new-Bid man. to the ideal transfiguration ot Utors and days, to the complete liberation c.f the sf n it frcm painful anxietv ano bloo.iv sweat. It is represented in the blvlc sane-ttiary sane-ttiary by a burning lamp bearing inscribed r.T'j-eon an ancietu Tuscan saying ot ifn-ppoch ifn-ppoch of the Communes, a vvondeful nlhi-Sli nlhi-Sli n to a spiritualized form of human labo "Fallca aenzo Fatica"- "Worlc wlttiou' Work" Perhaps It might be expressed "Work that Is Joy." Each of these corporations shall be self-governing self-governing and shall function as did the on! guild! of the Middle Ases Furthermore '.nch shall elect fiom its members at ;ca.-t five delegates to a legislative body to tie known as the Qontifflio ri Proi vUiori. which shaT ncf exceed slxtv In number and whoas term of office is two years. Twice a ear tl ey must meet to consider legislation dealing deal-ing with commercial and maritime affair labor, public works, transportation, customs tariff, banking arts and trades. Two Legislative Bodies. The other legislative body of the Begem y shall be known as the Consi'jlio dipgH Ottiml elected for terms of three years by Indlvidui) s'.iffiage, In the proportional systOtn. without ' 'ass restriction one repr.sentation for ei v thiusano eligible voters They shall handle questions dealing with the civil and penal ode the police national defence, higher 1 ublic instruction, tho lino arts and rala-ticn.' rala-ticn.' between the State and the autonomous Communes into which the latter shal! oo s.ibft vided. This body must meet at least once a year. Like the CovsinHo di Pioi-lisorf Pioi-lisorf it must make Its discussions and sessions a3 brief as possible "con brcttfo piceameifV roncita." to quote D'Annunxlo's actual phrase. It remains to be seen if this e fiusc oi the new Fiume constitution will ecjiial In effectiveness or compare in' popularity popu-larity with the Eighteenth Amendment 10 our Constitution which, let me hasten to wJ has no counterpart in the D'Annunzio e.eslgn Ones a year the councils will nold a Joint session, to be known as the Arengo del Carnaro. Car-naro. which shall deal with foreign lelations finance and the treasury, advanced education educa-tion and any proposed reform or amendment ( t the constitution. Executive power will he entrusted to . , n Rectors, of whom the Rectors of Foreign Affaire. Finance and Public Instruction ure elected by the Joint assembly; tho Rectors m s ... ! y ! I ' I I ; r i CHArtD ,,Orb Y H QK, I . POL SB - PATRIOT ir .ati n..: .vitiu-. ot Justice anil m national na-tional Def nee bv the Cxttfttptto drpli Oltimi, v Mle the Comtiglln dci I'roi tixori elect the I lectors or Public Keonomy and of Labor. The Rector Of Foreign Affairs assumes the title of First Rector, becoming thereby head 1 the State or. rather as the constitution sa si primus inter pnrrs. The ,-rectorr in v lr chosen annually and may he reelected, re-elected, to succeed themselves but though again eligible after a year out of Oil l e In addition to these qfriclals PAnnunrlo creates ; hotly known as the livnm I'omini. wl nr- elected i the voters of the -om-mitnca and act n minor magistrates; another an-other body, th- labor hidges, to settle disputes dis-putes bet wen employees nnd employers a veil as thf usual civil and cr-minal law courts. Should the Kegcnry he m danger the National Counril this .iint Assembly may select a comma nda rite who shall have dictatorial power icncwahle or revocable In six months, as was the case in ancient Rome. An- cir-eM v eilgible. There slu.l! be no standing; army hut universal military braining frr males, while all young women n usf take a course In hospital nursing and amoultnce worM Special attention Is paid to duration Kverv child mut bq (aughl Italian of ...nise. inn fhiidren also must learn mv rthsr langunires In use In th!r commutie '"'at Sl'-vene. Serb or German, as the case r-.v be but nothing piust he neglected o maintain Latin culture, which Is called the great humanising force Ample provision is made for schools of art of ovorv kind and tor a university of the first rank. From uch msl it ul Ions questions f religion or I olltldq aie absolutely excluded. La.VS ehactVd l.v the Councils may be jected h n majority vote of the citizens M.a i:ivs may be initialed popul.irlv . supported sup-ported by a quarter of the registered voters. Officers' can be recalled also by a majority vote of the electors. An Important body having supervision over all building operations and general it. itecial Improvement In the city and State If tin- ppllept Ediles. The bmutlflcatiOja of Ihe cityhall he their object, n jt forget-Hn forget-Hn such other Important elements s s,ml-tary s,ml-tary homes and work shops, clear. Streets and ; on. They are to encourage the ir.. ing element to look to the emb llish-mcnl llish-mcnl of their dwellings. Finally D Ahnunzio provides for the cultivation culti-vation of Flume's musical taste by Instltpt-Pig Instltpt-Pig m each commune a Choral Corps am' .mi orchestra to be subventionwd i the Sttatc, and a great rotunda is directed to be L ull tor the use of these organizations "ihe sre.it i horal and o, i bestial eeiehra I .j.s concludes the ..institution "shall be lofaily free -as ihe fathers ol the Church would say free a the grace of God." S1 i'!i are The main pomts In the D' n moan ion: titution or the State of Carnaro. whose freedom and autonomy the famous Ro :- viatoi -I.m.sl.itoi -.W irrioi pro. aimed September ! last, three days before the an-n an-n vc-sary of his entry with his legionaries. Meanwhile the world at large ami Italv and ihe JugOr Slavs in particular are wait-kuj wait-kuj to s-po just how the schi'me. will work and low much nearer it wlH bring a solution solu-tion of the troublesome "Adriatic question," ,n touching which (Jncio Sam so painfully burnt his lingers. It will also be interesting lust bow bhg H A nnun.io s Rol-shevjk Rol-shevjk anrl Profiteer friends will continue to deebfe i be work bf the pbel turned - ialci man. "admirable! " Adollp metanlprphosjsd Into a Modern yiofces should furnish the world with both , rtahiment and instruction |