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Show What Americans Did to Build Argentina iBY THOMAS MURRAY. T"T rlTH the exception of Mexico alone no one of the republics to the south of us has in recent years ben ittractinr so much of our attention as ( ,"- thai one furthest below us on the map, but closest up to us on the laborious climb to the heights of first-place national progreaa To win and hold our due share of the trade nf the great countries of the Plaie has been so much the desire of American manufacturers manu-facturers and exporters that at '.east half a dozen commissions representative of these interests have visited Buenos Aires in as many years. ni diplomatic representation there has been raised to the grade of an embassy, our consular establishment has been given an efficiency and importance which puts It at the top of its class, and the Argentine capital cap-ital was one of the first places to which we snt one of our new commercial attaches. It is no exaggeration, then, to say thai Argentina is one of the foremost of the American republics in our official, and the very foremost in our commercial, consideration considera-tion Argentina' Rie. In view of the sudden rise of Argentina to not only a first place among the American Amer-ican republics but to a very high place among ;hs nations of the world, and in - view of the natural and strenuous effcrts to expand American trade there, this position of Importance in our consideration may no: at all seem strange. And yet It is strange strange, and very interesting. It is strange that the special activities of our Government and the business orders alluded to should he necessary to the obtaining ob-taining for American trade and commerce the position which it held a hundred years ago. and interesting to tudy how a tiade that at the end of the first third of the last century was almost wholly In American hands should hae passed to those of others before the last third of the century svas reached. But lhat interesting study is another an-other question, a thing aprt from the purpose pur-pose of this article, my aim here being merely to remember the names of a few of the Americans who made our country beloved be-loved In that distant land three generations ago In 1S30 the statement was made In a commercial paper of Buenos Aires .hat two-thirds two-thirds of the carrying trade of the Plate parts was done by American ships Sir Woodbine Parish. British Consul to Buenos Aire, tells that when he reached that city in i S"4 most of the furniture to be found in the family houses of the capital was of American manufacture American coaches P were then the only light vehicles Vnown In ' rhe country and American (lour hid found Its wa there long before it became popular In Europe About tho time Parish wrote of thut was h movement of Irish and other "migrants from this country to the new republic of the Far South. Among the first Americans lo distinguish .emeHes in what is now the Argentine Republic as William P. White a Bos-innian. Bos-innian. who settled in Buenos Aires when a very young man. He was of an advetitur-oi advetitur-oi nature an J on more than one occasion narrowly escaped losing his life as the con-sequence con-sequence of his part in high Slate matters. White, it Is said, assisted the English lit i hen two invasions of Buenos Air. in and U07. However tills may be. he pied th part of Interpreter between the Great South American Republic for More Than a Century Has Benefited by Yankee Yan-kee Business Enterprise victorious "reconquuiiudore." ari(j the van OUlehed "invasoies" when the terni of acuation were being made He took a' prominent part in the revolution of 1S10 and waa lnst umental "in connecting William Will-iam Brown, ihe Irishman who afterward 1 came the Argentine Admiral and who - :-mmenced hb- naval career in Philadelphia Philadel-phia with 'he revolutionary authorities. White previously formed h business partnership part-nership with Brown, and together they car rkd on. before Brown took charge of the Argentine navy, a profitable shipping and commercial trade. The American, however again got Into di:favo. with th Government and in 1815 was promptly banished to Uruguay with ome others, mostly foreigners. He returned re-turned to Buenos Aires when a more favor-srle favor-srle administration assumed power and Instituted In-stituted law proceedings against the Gov-einment Gov-einment 'for recovery of property, which l'oceedings ere remarkable a.s an example cf "the law's delay - ;i decision in the case net having been Anally arrived at when the pia ntiff died. In 1S4J An American who i rarely 1 poken of nowadays now-adays In the Argentine o: anywhere else, and yet who is inseparably bound to one of Argentina's grandest figures. Gen Belgrano was Dr Joseph Redhead. Some writers have set him down as a Britisher but the "Docu-mentos "Docu-mentos te 3elgrano" leave no doub: about this matter After practising his profession for some, time in Ihe lirst years of the nineteenth nine-teenth century at Buenos Aires he removed to the then very remote city of Tucuman, where the first Argentine National Congress was held In 1S1C The two great battles of Tucuman and Salta were won by the patriots under Bel-crano. Bel-crano. and Dr Redhead was not alone the General pbysh ian but his close and trusted friend. Something even jti.tv than a personal per-sonal friendship spiung up between the two men, and it wan with Redhead's assistance that the brilliant Aigentine soldier and statesman translated our Declaration of Independence In-dependence Into the language of his own country for the Inspiration of hisjeople. .Juat a hundred years ago last June Bcl-Rrano, Bcl-Rrano, while his Government owed him a considerable sum of money, died in e.Mreme poverty, and the only recompense he was able to make to his physician and collaborator was to bequeath to hlni an old silver watch and the warmest expressions of affection and gratitude. To an American Thomas Lloyd Halsey. our first consular representative in Buenos Aires is ii,e the honor of being also the first to make any practical effort to improve the breed of live stock In the great Pampa-Und. Pampa-Und. which long ago became one of the principal prin-cipal stock raising countries of the world. At big risk, and with what would seem almost al-most insurmountable difllculties, he managed to have smuggled out or Spain and transported trans-ported to Buenos Aires In 1813 some 35 ewe and rams with which to begin the improvement improve-ment of the sheep stock of the counti How muc li Argentina's world famed wool industry OWea to the costly venture and persistent zeal of thaw enterprising American cannot be entered into in an article as short as this must be but he ought to be about first In lhat line of Argentina's beuefuctors. Another of our countrymen who has left bis name indelibly written on the scroll f ihe meritorious down there was Stephen Ifailet. who In 182S gave to all South America. In the city of Buenos Aires. Its first dally p.per. La Gaceta Uercantil. The Gacrin was taken over some twelve yean later by the Dictator Don Juan Manuel de Ras ;ind continued .c the Government organ until the fall of that most terrible of .Souih American rulers. In February, 1852. At the time the Harrta tlprcatltll was founded there was a very Important iii rl-can rl-can colony In Buenos .Vres. and uj IO tins date and for several yearfl after the Americans Ameri-cans were the only foreigners who annually celebrated their national holiday In Argentina Argen-tina ; the Irish being a good second them The Boy Who Wanted to Be a Pirate In 1SDS h Yankee boy who had run away from home to become a pirate on the romantic ro-mantic Spanish Main was put off his privateer, pri-vateer, as a tenderfoot, at Buenos Aires. This boy afterward wrote a book entitled "Twenty-four Years in Argentina.'' but before be-fore he- wrote the book he had fought a hundred lights for Argentine freedom and had become a Colonel In the liberating armies His experiences throughout these years, as told in his book, give one a wonderful won-derful insight Into Argentina of a centu'V a-" His name was King and he was an ot her American who should be better know both here hi heme- and in the land lor ' bos' Ireedom he braved ,-ind suffered hj much. The American family of Uawsoii gave Argentina its greatest constitutional lawyei so far, uid ihe American cltfcten Willlan Wheejrignt In the early sixties. Its firs ffreat railroad pystem So highly have the Americans bei regarded by the Argcntln I eople that thr are streets in the ArgCJl tine . itiev tnd towns in tin- Argentine prov es sailed after them. 1 was .amused some few years ago n Buenos Aires to har a very able and sue cessful 'American business man. who at tl. time had been !"s than tweptj years in th country, boast lhat he wj: one -of th American piofteerj of the piece. Anmng on i.ijlneMS people his Idea of America s par in Argentina's rise and progress is by u means Singular, and yet a hundred year ,. eviOUSly three of the best known com m 'rrlii houses of Buenos Aire? were those White, tdncll ft Zimmerman and Miller nl Americana th' grea' business firms of Big l v lire T B. Coffin .t- Co. and Samuel E llale & Co. taking rise within a short Mm after. i In 1818. when the United Stales Govern ment sent Messrs. Rodney and Graham ti Buenos Aires to report on the advisability o formally recognizing the independence of th Aigi-ntlne Republic, they were entertained a a great banquet and ball or;,.i iljsed In the! honor !v the Americans or Buenos Aires There was even an American hotel In Bucnu y.lres In tho-ce far off days, and America! business advertiaemerits in the few periodica newspapers of the time e. crv more numer iu thai, those of other nationalities |